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Unpaid Work by Women: A State-level Analysis of Evidence from Time-use Survey
Low and declining female labour force participation in India over the past two decades has turned attention to the high unpaid work time spent by women. The question, however, remains whether women spend more time on unpaid work because there are not enough jobs or whether it is time spent on unpaid work that is holding them back from participation in the labour force. Against this backdrop, the present article explores Indias nationally representative time-use survey conducted by National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) to estimate factors that explain variations in time spent by women in unpaid work at the state level. The results show that structural transformation, entailing a reduction in employment in agriculture and an increase in the share of industries in state GDP, does not necessarily entail any reduction in unpaid time spent by women if the technology embodied in industrialisation is not gender-friendly. Worryingly, progress in female literacy recorded by states is no guarantee of a reduction in unpaid work by women. However, a gender-friendly atmosphere does make a difference in the reduction in unpaid work reported by women. Similarly, targeted public policy intervention does relax the constraints that women face at home, with a positive effect on unpaid work time. 2024 Institute for Human Development. -
Unpacking the Psychology of Investment Intention: The Role of Emotional Intelligence, Personality Traits, and Risk Behaviour
In the dynamic realm of wealth accumulation, investments demand a meticulous evaluation of both financial and non-financial aspects inherent in securities. Prudent decision-making surpasses a fixation on anticipated returns, requiring a nuanced assessment of an investment's potential to actualize desired earnings. This study challenges the presumption of investor rationality in traditional financial theories, emphasizing the profound impact of non-financial determinants on decision-making, including personality traits, emotional intelligence, and risk behavior. With a robust sample size of 396 respondents, the research establishes a statistically significant correlation between emotional intelligence, personality traits, risk behavior, and the intricate domain of investment decisions. For middle-class investors, a pivotal recommendation emerges: fostering a discerning comprehension of one's psychological attributes. Active collaboration with seasoned financial advisers is imperative, serving as a compass through the complexities of the modern financial milieu. This holistic approach, harmonizing financial acumen with nuanced psychological insight, proves indispensable for navigating intricacies and facilitating judicious investment decisions aligned with individual aspirations and risk thresholds. The nuanced integration of financial prudence and psychological acuity fortifies investment portfolios and establishes a resilient foundation for adeptly navigating the dynamic terrain of wealth management. 2024, Iquz Galaxy Publisher. All rights reserved. -
Unpacking the burden of hypertension and diabetes in Karnataka: implications for policy and practice based on NFHS-5 findings
Objective: To investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and healthcare-seeking patterns of hypertension and diabetes in Karnataka, India, and to offer knowledge that might guide public health initiatives intended to lessen the burden of these illnesses. Methods: In order to examine the prevalence, risk factors, and healthcare-seeking behaviour of hypertension and diabetes in Karnataka, India, a cross-sectional study is carried out using the information gathered from 26,574 households on 30,455 women and 4516 men (who were in their reproductive period) from the National Family Health Survey (201920). The information was summarised using descriptive statistics, which included frequencies and percentages. The association between different risk variables and the likelihood of getting diabetes and hypertension was examined using the chi-squared test and a logistic regression model. Data were analysed using STATA software version 16. Results: The study found that age, gender, education level, religion, and BMI are all significantly associated with hypertension and diabetes (p < 0.001). Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were not significantly associated with hypertension, but tobacco use was significantly associated with diabetes (p < 0.001). However, alcohol consumption was not found to be significantly associated with diabetes whereas the older age groups, males, underweight, overweight and obese, and tobacco use were all associated with increased odds of diabetes. On the other hand, females, secondary education or higher, and alcohol consumption were associated with decreased odds of diabetes. Conclusion: In conclusion, the study found a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in Karnataka, India, and identified several risk factors associated with these diseases. The study also highlighted the need for improved healthcare-seeking behaviour among people with hypertension and diabetes. The findings can inform public health interventions aimed at reducing the burden of these diseases in Karnataka and similar settings. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India 2023. -
Unpacking power dynamics in coaching and leadership: A critical examination
This study examined the critical viewpoints regarding the convergences of coaching and leadership, elucidating the intricate complexities of power relations. Incorporated case studies from the business and nonprofit sectors shed light on the difficulties and achievements in these realms of transformation. The integration of insights gained underscores the profound impact of consciousness, openness, and moral behaviour on change. The obligation to exercise authority with discernment, promote inclusiveness, and empower entities and individuals alike. This study offers significant contributions for professionals, academics, and executives traversing the complex landscape of coaching and leadership. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Unopened windows: European existentialism and Indian classrooms /
International Journal Of English Language Literature and humanities, Vol.3, Issue 9, pp.434-440, ISSN No: 2321-7065. -
Unobtrusive Engagement Detection through Semantic Pose Estimation and Lightweight ResNet for an Online Class Environment
Analysing student engagement in a class through unobtrusive methods enhances the learning and teaching experience. During these pandemic times, where the classes are conducted online, it is imperative to efficiently estimate the engagement levels of individual students. Helping teachers to annotate and understand the significant learning rate of the students is critical and vital. To facilitate the analysis of estimating the engagement levels among students, this paper proposes a dual channel model to precisely detect the attention level of individual students in a classroom. Considering the possible inaccuracy of emotion recognition, a dual channel is configured with a Lightweight ResNet model for macro-level attention estimation and a 3d pose estimation using Euler angles for Pitch, yaw and roll that is trained, validated and tested on the Daisee database. The Emotional detection extracts the context of Engaged, frustrated, confused and disgust as higher levels of classroom attention cognition while the facial pose coordinates provide the real-time movement of the faces in the video to provide a series of engaged and disengaged coordinates. The Lightweight ResNet Model achieves a 95.5% accuracy and the Pose estimation test is able to distinguish the test videos at 92% as Engaged and Bored on the Daisee Dataset. The Overall Accuracies using the Dual channel was curated to 87%. 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC. -
Unmet Spiritual Needs: A Study among Patients with Chronic Illness
Objectives: The conventional healthcare system operates on the physiological man and overlooks the spiritual man. Many studies reported on the unmet spiritual needs of terminally ill patients. Despite spiritual care being a predictor of a positive mindset (meaning making) among patients with terminal illnesses, assessing spiritual needs and providing adequate spiritual care is still a distant phenomenon in the healthcare setting. Materials and Methods: With the help of a spiritual needs questionnaire, we analysed the unmet spiritual needs and preferences of 30 terminally ill patients. Specific attention was given to psychosocial, emotional, existential, religious and acceptance of death. Results: The results show that 72% of terminally ill patients reported a strong desire to have their spiritual needs met. Psychosocial needs scored the highest, while acceptance of dying scored the least. The need to be connected with the family was one of the strongest wishes expressed in the study. Religious needs ranked as the second category of needs. Findings show that the highest needs are intertwined with the patients culture. Conclusion: In India, religion and family connections are essential; terminally ill patients expressed the desire that meeting these two aspects makes their lives meaningful even at the end stage. The results warrant a spiritual needs assessment as a deathbed test to make the endoflife more meaningful. 2024 Published by Scientific Scholar on behalf of Indian Journal of Palliative Care. -
Unmanned Artificial Intelligence-Based Financial Volatility Prediction in International Stock Market
This study investigates the capacity of autonomous artificial intelligence to predict the volatility of the worldwide stock market and proposes an innovative approach utilizing cutting-edge AI algorithms. A comprehensive literature review examines the evolution of financial prediction systems and the transformative effects of artificial intelligence in improving predictive capabilities. The AI system under consideration employs machine learning techniques more effectively than traditional methods for collecting and predicting financial volatility. The strategy heavily relies on automated data capture, preprocessing, and model training. A recall of 76%, an accuracy rate of 94%, a precision of 81%, an area under the curve of 0.87, and a sharp ratio of 1.25 comprise the model's impressive specifications. This research illuminates the prospective financial applications of artificial intelligence and provides a way to navigate the intricacies of international stock markets. 2024 IEEE. -
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to autonomously and wirelessly monitor security /
Patent Number: 202041010349, Applicant: Dr. K Selvi.
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) autonomously and wirelessly monitors security within premises. The UAV includes a body, brushless dc motors (BLDC), a motor control dispatcher, a flight control board, sensors, wind propellers, solar panel, and a battery. The body uses a high landing gear skid to provide friction during flight maneuverability of the UAV. The BLDC actuates a rotor blade of the UAV, electrical wirings and connectors. -
Unlocking the potentials of using nanotechnology to stabilize agriculture and food production
In the face of alarmingly increasing climate change, agricultural sector is exposed to innumerable and unprecedented challenges globally. This has led to food insecurity worldwide and in order to achieve the required food security at the global level, various methods and techniques have been put forth by researchers from around the world for boosting crop production and ensuring sustainability. Advanced nano-engineering is found to be of great import in improving production in agriculture and increasing input efficiency and minimization of losses. The fertilizers and pesticides, used for increasing and protecting the crop production respectively, can gain not only specific but also wider surface area with the help of nanomaterials, which serve as exclusive agrochemical carriers and assure facilitation of nutrients to target areas with the help of delivery monitoring techniques. Nanobiosensors, an example of the wide ranging nanotools, scaffold the growth of high-tech agricultural farms and also stand proof for the practical and proposed applications of the nanotools in terms of agricultural inputs control and their management precision. Nanosensors the off-spring of the culmination of biology and nanotechnology has an increased potential level in sensing and identifying both the advantageous and adverse conditions of the environment. The other applications of nano-technology include nanofertiliers with release-control techniques for healthy growth and rich yield and productivity of crops, nano-based target delivery approach, also referred to as gene transfer technique, for improved quality of crops, nanopesticides for effective protection of crops and other nanomaterials for promotion of stress tolerance among plants and enhancement of quality of soil [4]. In our review paper, we intend sum up the recent research and studies on the nanotechnology's innovative uses in agriculture to cope up with the ever-increasing necessity for food and sustenance of environment. 2021 Author(s). -
Unlocking the potential of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles for degradation of synthetic organic dyes as wastewater pollutants
The azo dyes released into water from different industries are accumulating in the water bodies and bioaccumulating within living systems thereby affecting environmental health. This is a major concern in developing countries where stringent regulations are not followed for the discharge of industrial waste into water bodies. This has led to the accumulation of various pollutants including dyes. As these developing countries also face acute water shortages and due to the lack of cost-effective systems to remove these pollutants, it is essential to remove these toxic dyes from water bodies, eradicate dyes, or generate fewer toxic derivatives. The photocatalysis mechanism of degradation of azo dyes has gained importance due to its eco-friendly and non-toxic roles in the environment. The zinc nanoparticles act as photocatalysts in combination with plant extracts. Plant-based nanoparticles over the years have shown the potential to degrade dyes efficiently. This is carried out by adjusting the dye and nanoparticle concentrations and combinations of nanoparticles. Our review article considers increasing the efficiency of degradation of dyes using zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and understanding the photocatalytic mechanisms in the degradation of dyes and the toxic effects of these dyes and nanoparticles in different tropic levels. 2021 The Authors -
Unlocking the potential of AI for efficient governance: Innovative approaches of Bahrain
The rapid development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies will have significant economic, social, and ethical impacts. Efficient governance is essential to maximize AI's benefits while minimizing its risks. Bahrain is positioning itself as a fintech hub, with AI playing a central role in this transformation. Bahrain's smart governance efforts will be strengthened by integrating AI into public services. E-government efforts will use AI to streamline processes, improve citizen experience, and build a more responsive and efficient public administration. The study provides an overview of how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming various sectors in Bahrain with innovative approaches to boost productivity, better decision-making, and improve the general quality of services that may also impact the Bahraini economy. Bahrain continues to drive digital innovation, paving the way for a better and more prosperous future and sustainable development. Bahrain's digital transformation has been largely successful thanks to strong government measures. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Unlocking the Antimicrobial, Antifungal, and Anticancer Power of Chitosan-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become a research focus due to its antimicrobial, anticancer applications and cost-effective properties. In this study the effectiveness of green synthesis of NPs using biological macromolecule chitosan which isacting as a reducingcum stabilizing agent is carried out. An in-depth analysis of the synthesized AgNPs was conducted using a variety of sophisticatedcharacterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, particle size analysis, zeta potentialmeasurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The antimicrobialactivity of the formulated AgNPs were inspected against two human pathogenic strains. In the antimicrobial activity, the synthesized AgNPs exhibited a reduction in the growth of both themicrobes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.22 M was observed for both Candida albicans and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Consequently, AgNPs may be used as an opportunity for modern-day antibiotics to treat infections due to human pathogens. Antiproliferative analysis revealed that AgNPs showed antiproliferative characteristics against MDA-MB-231 cells compared to the control. Such AgNPs have an anticancer effect and are likely to be used as smart drug delivery mediators to treat late-stage cancer. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Unlocking IoT: AI-enabled green fintech innovations
Meeting ESG (environmental, social, and governance) standards is becoming an essential goal for businesses, one that is supported by both investors and customers. FinTech can help companies evaluate and reduce their environmental effect, as well as investors channel their operations toward more sustainable assets. Embracing sustainability has become one of the priorities for many fintech companies today. Green fintech innovations have provided technologically enabled solutions for financial services that help in increasing the flow of financial resources for sustainable development. Recognizing the importance of green fintech in today's scenario, this chapter will initially focus on the components of the fintech ecosystem and IoT and AI-enabled fintech innovations in India, drivers of green fintech potentials of green fintech IoT, and AI-enabled green fintech from global perspective and has highlighted the green fintech solutions provided by the topmost companies. 2022, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Unlocking Happiness: The Power of Spiritual Intelligence for Emerging Adults
This study investigated the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SI) and happiness among emerging adults. 163 undergraduate and postgraduate psychology students from private universities completed standardized measures of SI and subjective happiness. Results showed positive correlations between SI and happiness (r = 0.26 to 0.59, p <.01). Two SI domains - transcendental awareness and conscious state expansion - were found to be significant predictors of happiness. The findings suggest that SI plays a crucial role in promoting happiness among emerging adults, supporting the hypothesis that SI can be used as an aid in the process of achieving happiness through independent decision-making and responsibility. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr. Sundeep Katevarapu, Dr. Anand Pratap Singh, Dr. Priyanka Tiwari, Ms. Akriti Varshney, Ms. Priya Lanka, Ms. Aankur Pradhan, Dr. Neeraj Panwar, Dr. Kumud Sapru Wangnue; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Unlocking eudaimonic well-being: Assessing the impact of adolescent social cognitive skills training
Eudaimonic well-being (EWB) has long-lasting effects on individuals' mental health, enabling them to find purpose and meaning in life, depending on the individual and society. Social cognitive skills training constitutes a new aspect of the adolescent's social development, including three domains: cognitive ToM, affective ToM, and an inter-intra-personal understanding of social norms. This chapter identifies the effectiveness of A-SCST on eudaimonic well-being (EWB) during adolescence. A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study. The authors administrated the PWB-18 scale as a screening tool and the PWB-42 item scale as an outcome measure. Seventy-four participants and adolescents participated in this study. This study confirmed that A-SCST has a positive outcome on the eudaimonic well-being of adolescents post-training with a large effect size, t =-13.0, df = 35, p <.001, r =-2.17 in the experimental group. The A-SCST has successfully improved the eudaimonic well-being of adolescents. 2024, IGI Global. -
Unlocking Credit Default Swaps to the Retail Investors to Boost Liquidity and Risk Diversification
Credit Default Swaps, is one of the significant contributors to the 2008 financial crash due to raise of illiquidity and its limited space to mitigate the risk, the market is dictated by few institutions across the globe. Hence the research investigates realistically by probing the credit default swaps role and contribution in the financial crash, existing gaps and current mechanism of the credit default swaps, as a result we anticipate the outcome might force us restructure the existing mechanism or possible innovative alternate models in order to boost the liquidity and to establish robust platform which helps to minimize the counterparty risk. Financial tsunami in the year 2008, alarmed researchers, regulators, economists, sovereigns and financial institutions across the globe to emphasize on the need of strong liquidity and risk mitigation or diversification model(s) for credit default swaps market reformation and the development along with creating superior confidence levels in the market. The literature review of the research acknowledged that the existing financial institutions and researchers analyzed and articulated the need of the retail investors participation in the credit default swaps market to create a strong liquidity and to mitigate counterparty risk. The anticipated restructuring or possible innovative alternate models may help to reform and to maintain the development of the credit default swaps market and also provoke superior confidence levels to boost strong liquidity and options to diversify the associated risk. The outcome of this research may also motivate the investments in the debt market which helps to enhance the debt capital markets and economies around the globe. Finally we verify the liquidity strength and degree of risk with the help of research proxies; the proxies are width of the bid and ask spread of the research outcome, as we strongly believe bid and ask spread have self illustrative power to explain the degree of liquidity and risk mathematically and statistically, the research assume multiple regression model to establish relationship between dependent variable and independent variables. Keywords: Unlocking, Credit Default Swaps (CDS), Retail Investors, Liquidity and Risk Diversification. JEL Classification: L810, G320 -
Unlocking Credit Default Swaps (CDS) to the retail investors to boost liquidity and minimize risk /
Global Journal of Contemporary Research in Accounting, Auditing and Business Ethics, Vol-1 (1), pp. 40-58. ISSN-2311-3162 -
Unleashing the Power of Animation Movies on Sustainable Tourism: A Case Study on Moana
The case study explores the possibilities of implementing the socio-cultural, environmental representation and authenticity of the indigenous community depicted in the movie Moana in real life, thus embracing cultural heritage and identity using a sustainable model of developing tourism. This case study also aims to understand how animation movies like Moana will reflect the causes of climate change and may motivate tourists to choose their destination. Walt Disney Animation Studios 2016 film Moana, which had stunning animation and inspiring themes, captured the attention of viewers worldwide. This case study examines the different factors that led to the movies popularity and its profound effect on spectators, especially regarding indigenous community identity, ecocentrism, and effects of climate because of human intervention. The case explains the movie from different dimensions: culture and heritage, power of determination and hard work, eco-friendly initiatives, climate change, sustainability lessons, and destination choice. With direction by Ron Clements and John Musker, the motion picture Moana depicts the tale of Moana Waialiki, a young Polynesian girl who sets out on a dangerous journey to save her people and find her true identity. The movie displays the rich cultural legacy of the Pacific Islands and is inspired by Polynesian folklore. In this case, we would like to emphasize the value of self-discovery, personal development, and the strength of embracing ones uniqueness. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Unleashing human potential: Integrating cognitive behavioral neuroscience into HR strategies
The world of work is transforming, driven by insights from the frontiers of science. Human resource (HR) practices are no longer limited to traditional methods and increasingly incorporate knowledge from disciplines like Cognitive Behavioral Neuroscience (CBN). By understanding how our brains work, we can design HR practices that enhance employee well-being, engagement, and, ultimately, performance. Drawing from neuroscientific research on decision-making, communication, stress, learning, motivation, and workplace design, this chapter delves into the intersection of CBN and HR, offering evidence-based practices that support a thriving workforce. This interdisciplinary approach holds promise for maximizing human potential in the context of the modern workplace. 2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved.