ItemArticle

Chemical fingerprinting of Peganum harmala seeds via UVVis, XRD, TGA, FTIR, and GC-MS techniques; In vitro assessment of cytotoxic properties

Title
Chemical fingerprinting of Peganum harmala seeds via UVVis, XRD, TGA, FTIR, and GC-MS techniques; In vitro assessment of cytotoxic properties
Creator
Sunil, Sreya; P, Amruth
Description
Peganum harmala L., a perennial herb traditionally valued for medicinal and ritual uses, was comprehensively profiled to elucidate its chemical composition and cytotoxic potential. Methanolic seed extracts contained diverse primary and secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Proximate analysis revealed high moisture (45.88 %) and crude fibre (18.39 %) with moderate fat (14.74 %) and protein (7.67 %) levels. Spectroscopic studies supported the presence of ?-carboline alkaloids: FTIR spectra showed characteristic functional group vibrations, UVVis displayed a strong absorption at 440 nm, and X-ray diffraction revealed semi-crystalline patterns enriched in harmine and harmaline. GCMS provided definitive chemical identification, detecting harmine (53.13 %) and harmaline (39.12 %) as major constituents. Thermal analyses (TGADTA and DTG) indicated multiphase decomposition typical of complex organic matrices. Cytotoxicity assessment using the MTT assay on L929 fibroblast cells demonstrated a dose-dependent decline in cell viability, with an LC50 of 243.9 ?g/mL, signifying moderatehigh cytotoxic potential. These findings validate the ethnomedicinal significance of P. harmala and underscore its promise for phytomedicine, nutraceutical applications, and pharmaceutical research, while highlighting the necessity of standardized and regulated use to ensure efficacy and safety. 2025
Source
Toxicon;Volume;268;Issue;;Article No.;108606;
Date
01-01-2025
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Subject
GC-MS profiling; MTT assay; Phytochemical analysis; Syrian rue seeds; ?-carboline
Coverage
Sunil S., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India; P A., Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Karnataka, Bangalore, 560029, India, Centre for Landscapes, Wildlife and Marine Ecology (CLIME), India
Rights
All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
Relation
ISSN: 410101; CODEN: TOXIA
Format
online
Language
English
Type
Article

Citation

Sunil, Sreya; P, Amruth, “Chemical fingerprinting of Peganum harmala seeds via UVVis, XRD, TGA, FTIR, and GC-MS techniques; In vitro assessment of cytotoxic properties,” CHRIST (Deemed To Be University) Institutional Repository, accessed June 17, 2026, https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/22469.

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