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User profiling based on keyword clusters for improved recommendations
Recommender Systems (RS) have risen in popularity over the years, and their ability to ease decision-making for the user in various domains has made them ubiquitous. However, the sparsity of data continues to be one of the biggest shortcomings of the suggestions offered. Recommendation algorithms typically model user preferences in the form of a profile, which is then used to match user preferences to items of their interest. Consequently, the quality of recommendations is directly related to the level of detail contained in these profiles. Several attempts at enriching the user profiles leveraging both user preference data and item content details have been explored in the past. We propose a method of constructing a user profile, specifically for the movie domain, based on user preference for keyword clusters, which indirectly captures preferences for various narrative styles. These profiles are then utilized to perform both content-based (CB) filtering as well as collaborative filtering (CF). The proposed approach scores over the direct keyword-matching, genre-based user profiling and the traditional CF methods under sparse data scenarios as established by various experiments. It has the advantage of a compact user model representation, while at the same time capturing the essence of the styles or genres preferred by the user. The identification of implicit genres is captured effectively through clustering without requiring labeled data for training. 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland. -
User Perception of Mobile Banking: Application of Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modelling Approaches to Online Reviews
The digital revolution has led to significant changes in the global as well as Indian banking sector. The introduction of mobile banking apps has provided increased convenience to customers, who can now avail various banking services remotely. Thus, it is imperative to study the customers' sentiments regarding these applications and find scope for improvement, so that customers can seamlessly operate their bank accounts without having to visit bank branches. Thus, the primary purpose of this research is to study the perceptions of customers towards mobile applications of six major banks in India. A sample of 3000 reviews left by users of these apps was scraped from Google Play Store and sentiment analysis was conducted using RoBERTa-base model from the Transformers library. This was followed by topic modeling using Latent Dirichlet Allocation to find the aspects that are most important to the users. Results revealed that user experience is majorly driven by customer support service, features and functionality of apps, and app performance. Our findings shall help banks identify key areas of improvement so that they can work on enhancing overall customer experience. Despite the growing popularity of mobile banking, this study is the first of its kind in Indian context. 2024 IEEE. -
USER EXPERIENCES OF CHATGPT AMONG ENGINEERING STUDENTS, TEACHERS, AND WORKING PROFESSIONALS IN INDIA
The introduction of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) in November 2022 brought about rapid changes in the workplace and academia. Its usage ranged from student assignments to workplace targets in the engineering field. Although it has brought novel ideas to its application in various fields and task efficiency in the workplace, its perceived application varies among students, teachers, and professionals. This study employed the snowball sampling technique and interviews with eight students, eight faculty members, and eight working professionals from computer science engineering who used ChatGPT regularly. The study adopted a qualitative research design and employed the narrative data analysis technique. Researchers conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews to elicit user experiences from the recruited samples. The findings brought out six main and twelve subordinate themes regarding ChatGPT user experiences: adapt, adopt, embrace, ease, speed, engage, and automate. The inclusion criteria involved ChatGPT users from the computer science engineering domain only. Future research may focus on developing ChatGPT user policies for various fields of their applications. 2024, Grand Canyon University. All rights reserved. -
User Behavior Prediction with Deep Learning: An Evaluation of CNN, LSTM, RNN, and Hybrid Models
In this work, with a novel Hybrid CNN LSTM model, we present an in depth comparison and evaluation of various deep learning models (CNN, LSTM, RNN) on predicting user behaviour. To compare our proposed models we conducted detailed experimentation and rigorous performance comparisons using aforementioned metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score. The findings show that our RNN model performed incredibly well, reporting an accuracy of 99.86%. These results illustrate the power of the model in generalizing, and in capturing sequential dependencies in the user behaviour. On the other hand, the CNN model also performed very robustly, achieving 97.86% accuracy showing that it has powerful ability to extract spatial features. However, the LSTM model got decent results, with an accuracy of 87.14%. However, the Hybrid CNN-LSTM model's accuracy was for 80.29% which was up to the Hybrid CNN as mentioned above, and hence had lagged behind and has scope for improvement. Our proposed approach has provable advantages over existing methods, most notably, by using the RNN model outperforming the existing method. The RNN is able to detect sequential patterns more effectively than traditional techniques and show its ability to learn deeply to better predict user behaviour. Finally, we also hope that this investigation highlights two important directions for future RNN research: first, the promise of RNNs, and second, promising avenues for future research, such as refining hybrid architectures to yield improved performance. 2025 IEEE. -
User Authentication with Graphical Passwords using Hybrid Images and Hash Function
As per human psychology, people remember visual objects more than texts. Although many user authentication mechanisms are based on text passwords, biometric characteristics, tokens, etc., image passwords have proven to be a substitute due to its ease of use and reliability. The technological advancements and evolutions in authentication mechanisms brought greater convenience but increased the probability of exposing passwords through various attacks like shoulder-surfing, dictionary, key-logger, and social engineering attacks. The proposed methodology addresses these vulnerabilities and ensures to keep up the usability of graphical passwords. The system displays hybrid images that users need to recognize and type the randomly generated alphanumeric or special character values associated with each of them. A mechanism to generate One Time Password (OTP) is included for additional security. As a result, it is difficult for an attacker to capture and misuse the password. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Usefulness of Augmented Reality on Product Selection: An Experimental Study
Augmented Reality (AR) has brought a revolution in the business world. Most literature in augmented reality is concentrated on the acceptance, responses, and user-friendliness of AR applications. However, it fails to evaluate the ability of AR applications to aid the customer in product selection. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to fill this gap in the literature by conducting an experimental study to evaluate the furniture selection enabled by AR application. The respondents for the study were grouped into two (experimental and control groups) and were asked to design a room. The respondents in the experimental group were asked to design a room by providing an AR application, and the control group was asked to design a room without an AR application. These designs were evaluated by 15 professionals on five parameters- harmony, volume, design, colour scheme and positioning. The ratings given by these professionals were analysed using a t-test. From the analysis, it was concluded that according to the interior designers' opinion, the AR application proves to be helpful to the customers in creating better room designs. These findings indicate that AR application increases customer ability to select appropriate furniture for designing their homes. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that the AR applications can be used in the furniture selection process for a better choice of furniture. 2022 SCMS Group of Educational Institutions. All rights reserved. -
Use of zeolite and industrial waste materials in high strength concrete - A review
Concrete is widely used in construction material by the construction industry. It is considered as a vital material because of its properties. Different grades of concrete (M10, M20, M30, M40, M50, M60and M70) are used in construction and are chosen based on the requirements. Higher grade concrete requires cement of different properties. The manufacturing process of cement, releases a huge amount of Carbon footprints. To reduce the emission of CO2, usage of virgin cement can be minimized by partially replacing with pozzolanic materials or industrial wastes like zeolite, metakaolin, silica fume and fly ash. These materials improve the durability and strength of concrete by filling the pores and reduce the porosity and permeability of the concrete without compromising on the desired properties. For sustainable development and protecting the environment, enormous research has been done on concrete by using various industrial waste materials. This article is a state-of-the-art review of research on the use of industrial waste materials to produce High Strength Concrete (HSC). Different materials were studied to prepare HSC by using distinct methods. Different experimental tests were conducted on concrete when cement is partially replaced with industrial waste materials and are compared with conventional concrete. It is observed that the partial replacement of cement with zeolite, metakaolin, fly ash, and silica fume, the properties of concrete increases up to certain age and mixing proportions when compared to conventional concrete. It is observed that there is limited research was done on zeolite with the combination of industrial waste materials for health analysis of the structures at different w/c ratios for large production. So, further investigation is needed on the technical, environmental, economic aspects and educating the public through the use of industrial waste materials as a sustainable approach. 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Use of waste foundry sand in precast concrete paver blocksa study with belgaum foundry industry
The current study was undertaken at CHRIST (Deemed to be University) in Bangalore to investigate the potential of using waste sand from Belgaum foundries as fine aggregate in the production of precast concrete paver blocks. Concrete paver blocks were manufactured as per the recommendations of IS 15658:2006. M-35 grade of concrete with block thickness of 60mm was considered as the design parameter. Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) and ground-Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) were replaced for manufactured sand and cement, respectively. WFS replacement rates were 15, 30, and 45% by weight of the manufactured sand, and that of GGBS was 30% constant by weight of cement. Obligatory performance tests were conducted as per Indian standards, which included compressive strength, water absorption, and abrasion resistance. Accordingly, paver blocks with 45% WFS showed satisfactory results and can be considered into non-traffic to light-traffic category, which finds application in places like building and monument premises, paths and patios, landscapes, public gardens, and parks. Cost comparison of conventional paver blocks with WFS paver blocks showed approximately 4.8% reduction in the cost of paver blocks containing 45% WFS. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020. -
Use of Virtual Reality (VR) and AI in Therapeutic Settings
This chapter explores the transformative impact of virtual reality (VR) and artificial intelligence (AI) in therapeutic settings. It examines how VRs immersive environments and AIs data-driven insights enhance therapeutic practices, including exposure therapy, cognitive rehabilitation, and anxiety management. By aligning with psychological and neurological theories, these technologies offer innovative solutions for improving patient outcomes. The chapter also addresses challenges such as high costs, data privacy, and the need for rigorous research. Future directions emphasize the importance of ongoing development, ethical considerations, and empirical validation. Ultimately, VR and AI hold the potential to revolutionize therapeutic practices, offering more effective, personalized, and immersive treatment options. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Use of the internet of things in connected passenger car /
Patent Number: 202121053264, Applicant: Shilpa Meenor Lambor.
The aim of this work is to acquaint readers with the use of the Internet of Things in on-board systems of interconnected passenger cars. The partial goal is to present specific selected on-board systems using the Internet of Things and their mutual comparison. The theoretical part first defines the term internet of things together with the term connected passenger car and the very principle of communication of a connected passenger car. The theoretical part also includes the historical development of interconnected passenger cars and the current state of these cars. -
Use of social media applications in Indian governing policies /
New media is prevalent tool and a mass medium since it became associated with social networking. Apart from public relation companies and executives, Government agencies are also using new media like YouTube, Facebook and Twitter extensively. The study aims to depict of how social media and mobile applications are being used by governments to inform, engage and serve people. -
USE OF SELF ESTEEM APPEAL IN ADVERTISEMENTS THAT CATER TO WOMEN
The concept of Self-esteem appeals are considerably new in advertising, they are used in the advertisement to increase the buying and selling for products that are meant for women. The advertisers increase the demand of their products, with a particular target audience they pioneer ideas that will psychologically stimulate a strong feeling which will lead to a strong emotion that make them purchase the product or least take a good notice of the product addressed. The study aims to analyse the effectiveness of the advertisements that are made for products that are specially meant for the women, to find how these products affect the attitude towards looking at the product and themselves. And also to look into how the consumers recall the brand that uses a lot of self esteem appeal in them. -
Use of popular paintings in advertising /
Western paintings are constantly been in multiple mediums used because of its high recall value; these paintings have had a huge impact on global advertisement by multiple companies to promote their products and services. These popular western paintings have been the source of inspiration for various reason, the age old classic paintings have been deconstructed analysed and meanings have derived. -
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Use of DEMATEL and COPRAS method to select best alternative fuel for control of impact of greenhouse gas emissions
Generation of energy is a vital process for sustenance of human life. Quality of human life is undoubtedly linked to the efficient generation and use of energy. The choice of alternative fuels is of the utmost significance due to the decline of fossil fuel reserves and their effect on global warming. One of the most important areas of research all over the world is the generation and distribution of sustainable energy. There are, in fact, many sustainable fuel resources. In this study, we describe the problem of selecting alternate fuel using novel types of hesitant multi criteria decision-making equation methods. The considered fuel systems are Electricity, natural gas, biodiesel, ethanol, and propane. In the selection of alternative fuels, quantity, quality of performance, cost, and efficiency among others, have to be taken into account. The alternatives selected should, for example, increase the speed of buses, and provide for greater mileage while and not affecting the environment. Here, the DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Model) method is used to determine the weights of the criteria and the COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment) method is used to calculate the ranking of the alternatives. The main objective of this research paper is to select the best alternative, based on environmental safety, CO2 emission level, technical cost, and fuel cost. Thus a better alternative is selected with the selected alternatives and criteria. The results of this research are summarized as follows. These are natural gas ( R2 ) > propane ( R5 ) > biodiesel ( R3 ) > electricity ( R1 ) > ethanol (R4 ). The numeric values of these selected alternatives are R2=1>R5=0.5215>R3=0.4904>R1=0.4887>R4=0.3299. 2020 Elsevier Ltd -
Use of colour in Indian movie poster design Analysis of four genres /
Colour is a very important element when it comes to designing posters. Colour is a very strong tool in a poster, which helps conveying ones message to the audience/viewer. In this paper the researcher tries to understand similarities and differences in colours used in posters within a genre as well as between the genres of Indian movies. -
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Use of blockchain technology for smart health-care services: a critical perspective of ethnic minority group
Purpose: The essence of blockchain governance is a far departure from the cryptocurrency or Bitcoin that has led to innovation and changing the outline of medical services. The major challenge in medical services is the lack of accessibility of medical services and lack of awareness. A large group of the population belonging to an ethnic minority has a high rate of complications, re-operation and graft rejection. To connect with a minority group and address privacy and safety issues, blockchain-based e-health-care services have massive potential in the medical industry, especially from the perspective of the social aspect. Design/methodology/approach: The study proposed a framework that describes the complex interplay of different stated factors, including perceived ease of use, trust, perceived usefulness and perceived security and privacy. The paper uses structural equation modeling to understand the ethnic minority groups readiness to adopt blockchain-based e-health-care services. Findings: It was found that all the direct relationships between variables are supported by the findings and have a significant positive relationship with the adoption intention. The tested framework will help regulatory bodies and marketers to develop support health-care service mechanisms for ethnic minority groups by addressing their issues related to security and privacy. Originality/value: Blockchain-based e-health-care services have massive potential in the medical industry, although, its actual diffusion has not been explored much, with particular reference to an ethnic minority group. This study will explore the diffusion of smart health-care services with respect to ethnic minority group. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Use of AI in Selected Financial Institutions: A Double-Edged Sword Effect
In the contemporary era, our nation is progressing towards increased integration of advanced technologies, and these innovations are influencing various facets of our daily activities. Notably, artificial intelligence (AI) has become pervasive across all sectors and functions within organizations. Its impact is particularly evident in financial institutions where AI plays a crucial role in activities such as accounting transactions and fraud detection. The relationship between AI and the concept of a 'Double Edged Sword' is explored in this paper. The primary objective is toexamine and assess the utilization of AI in diverse financial institutions and its connection to the 'Double Edged Sword' phenomenon. Additionally, the paper delves into the pros and cons following the implementation of AI in the accounting industry, incorporating insights from selected Chartered Accountants regarding their perspectives on AI application. 2025 IEEE. -
Use Cases of Intelligent Manufacturing
In the sphere of manufacturing, the adoption of Intelligent Manufacturing (IM) has become crucial for maintaining competitiveness and efficiency. This abstract chapter explores the paradigms and progression of IM, tracing the evolution from Industry 1.0 to Industry 5.0. It highlights the significance of digital manufacturing and the Internet of Things in enhancing connectivity. The chapter demonstrates the importance of IM through its diverse applications, including supply chain management, logistics, and warehouse automation. The authors examine the transformative influence of artificial intelligence on order management, predictive maintenance, and the creation of virtual twins. Real-world examples, such as GEs utilization of AI to accelerate product design and Toyotas partnership with Invisible AI for optimizing production quality control, illustrate the practical advantages of IM in driving innovation and operational efficiency. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of IM, highlighting its current and future impact on the manufacturing sector. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Alka Chaudhary, Vandana Sharma, and Ahmed Alkhayyat individual chapters, the contributors.