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A new broad-band atmospheric dispersion corrector for HROS-TMT
Atmospheric dispersion causes light from celestial objects with different wavelengths to refract at varying angles as it passes through Earths atmosphere. This effect results in an elongated image at the focal plane of a telescope and diminishes fibre coupling efficiency into spectrographs. We propose an optical design that incorporates a Rotational Atmospheric Dispersion Corrector (RADC) to address the broad-band dispersion for the multi-object mode of the High-Resolution Optical Spectrograph (HROS) on the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). The RADC corrects the dispersion across the entire wavelength range (0.311 ?m), using Amici prisms optimized for over 90 per cent transmission efficiency and minimal angular deviation of the beam from the optical axis after dispersion correction. For enhanced accuracy, particularly in the blue region, we have, for the first time, implemented the Filippenko model in Zemax via a custom Dynamic-Link Library (DLL) file. The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. -
A new combinational technique in image steganography
Internet is used for exchanging information. Sometimes it is needed to transmit confidential data via internet. Here the authors use image steganography to pass confidential data within a cover image. To construct the algorithm, they take the combinational help of particle swarm optimization (PSO), bi-orthogonal wavelet transform (BWT), and genetic algorithm (GA). They use PSO to take the enhanced version of cover image. They use BWT to choose the selective sub bands of cover image and we utilize GA to select a particular stego image among a set of stego images. Thus, an innovative technique of image steganography has been made to transmit confidential data via cover image generating stego image. This combinational approach of image steganography is quite safe for confidential data transmission and makes it hard for the attackers to retrieve the confidential data. 2021 IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
A new computational technique for the analytic treatment of time-fractional EmdenFowler equations
This paper presents the study of fractional EmdenFowler (FEF) equations by utilizinga new adequate procedure, specifically the q-homotopy analysis transform method (q-HATM). The EF equation has got greater significance in both physical and mathematical investigation of capillary and nonlinear dispersive gravity waves. The projected technique is tested by considering four illustrations of the time-fractional EF equations. The q-HATM furnish ?, known as an auxiliary parameter, by the support of ? we can modulate the various stages of convergence of the series solution. Additionally, to certify the resolution and accurateness of the proposed method we fitted the suitable numerical simulations. The redeem results guarantee that the proposed process is more convincing and scrutinizes the extremely nonlinear issues emerging in the field of science and engineering. 2021 International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (IMACS) -
A New Economics Awaits Us
This article attempts to look into the concept of othering in the context of urban development. The major motivation for the initiation of this article came after reading Dipankar Guptas book review titled A New Sociology Awaits Us (EPW, 26 December 2020), which mainly concentrated on urban affairs. 2022 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
A new extension of hesitant fuzzy set: An application to an offshore wind turbine technology selection process
Wind energy is an energy source that is naturally clean, safe and cheap. It comes from a variety of sources. The electric energy generated by a wind turbine manifests as kinetic energy throughout the earth. The energy received from the wind is clean and is permanently available and can be generated forever. Turbine characteristics also have an impact on wind energy production. The turbine properties within a wind farm are important in estimating the load on power generation and wind turbine energy. The amount of energy released is calculated according to the type of the turbine model applied. In many situations, the choices of turbine model can incur various vague and complicated hesitation situations. To manage this situation, a hesitant fuzzy set with the Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is used. In the present research, the newly proposed Normal Wiggly Hesitant Fuzzy-Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (NWHF-CRITIC) and Normal Wiggly Hesitant Fuzzy-Multi Attribute Utility Theory (NWHF-MAUT) methods were employed to rank turbine models based on quality, power level, voltage, and capacity. As part of this process, the NWHF method was utilized to extract and gather deeper information from the decision-makers. 2021 The Authors. IET Renewable Power Generation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology. -
A New Facile Iodine-Promoted One-Pot Synthesis of Dihydroquinazolinone Compounds
A one-pot iodine catalyzed reaction has been developed for the preparation of dihydroquinazolinones from isatoic anhydride, enaminones, and amines in modest to good yields. The reaction has been screened in various catalysts and solvents and a gram scale experiment has been performed based on the optimum conditions. A possible mechanism has been proposed based on the control experiments. The reaction has been checked with broad range of substrates. 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim -
A new facile synthesis of (2S,5S)-5-hydroxypipecolic acid hydrochloride
A simple and efficient synthesis of (2S,5S)-5-Hydroxypipecolic acid hydrochloride is reported. The key features of the synthesis involve the asymmetric reduction of ketone using (S)-CBS oxazaborolidine and the use of commercially available methyl pyroglutamate as a starting material.. 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
A New Facile Ultrasound-Assisted Magnetic Nano-[CoFe2O4]-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles
Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized through a one-pot multicomponent condensation of various aldehydes, dialdehydes, and ketones with malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate (or phenylhydrazine) in the presence of magnetic nano-[CoFe2O4] catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. The catalyst can be recovered using an external magnet and used repeatedly. 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. -
A new framework for contour tracing using Euclidean distance mapping
In this paper, a new fast, efficient and accurate contour extraction method, using eight sequential Euclidean distance map and connectivity criteria based on maximal disk, is proposed. The connectivity criterion is based on a set of point pairs along the image boundary pixels. The proposed algorithm generates a contour of an image with less number of iterations compared to many of the existing methods. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested with a database of handwritten character images. In comparison to two standard contour tracing algorithms (the Moore method and the Canny edge detection method), the proposed algorithm found to give good quality contour images and require less computing time. Further, features extracted from contours of handwritten character images, generated using the proposed algorithm, resulted in better recognition accuracy. Copyright 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
A new lightweight data security system for data security in the cloud computing
In recent decades, data has proved indispensable to all facets of human existence. The development of several applications has resulted in the exponential expansion of data. This information can be encrypted and stored in secure areas. Cloud computing is the technology that can be used to store these massive data sets. The article suggests a Cloud-based Data Security System (C-DSS) that employs a five-tiered trust model for cloud-edge data-sharing architectures. The data owner can select an appropriate trust level and Cyber Threat Information (CTI) sanitization procedure before releasing CTI for analytic strategy. In addition, this cleansing method is conducted either by an end device or by the cloud service supplier, based on the organization's degree of confidence in latter. Research presents the trust architecture, cloud architecture, and installation methodology, all of which are intended to meet widest variety of needs for exchanging secret CTI information. The testing findings high degree of data security and an evident improvement in terms of cypher processing time and security services when compared to the encryption systems that are most often employed in cloud technology. In conclusion, research briefly outlines development and evaluation performed so far by pilot applications confirming the architecture. 2023 The Authors -
A new meta-heuristic pathfinder algorithm for solving optimal allocation of solar photovoltaic system in multi-lateral distribution system for improving resilience
A new meta-heuristic Pathfinder Algorithm (PFA) is adopted in this paper for optimal allocation and simultaneous integration of a solar photovoltaic system among multi-laterals, called interline-photovoltaic (I-PV) system. At first, the performance of PFA is evaluated by solving the optimal allocation of distribution generation problem in IEEE 33- and 69-bus systems for loss minimization. The obtained results show that the performance of proposed PFA is superior to PSO, TLBO, CSA, and GOA and other approaches cited in literature. The comparison of different performance measures of 50 independent trail runs predominantly shows the effectiveness of PFA and its efficiency for global optima. Subsequently, PFA is implemented for determining the optimal I-PV configuration considering the resilience without compromising the various operational and radiality constraints. Different case studies are simulated and the impact of the I-PV system is analyzed in terms of voltage profile and voltage stability. The proposed optimal I-PV configuration resulted in loss reduction of 77.87% and 98.33% in IEEE 33- and 69-bus systems, respectively. Further, the reduced average voltage deviation index and increased voltage stability index result in an improved voltage profile and enhanced voltage stability margin in radial distribution systems and its suitability for practical applications. 2021, The Author(s). -
A new numerical investigation of fractional order susceptible-infected-recovered epidemic model of childhood disease
The susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic model of childhood disease is analyzed in the present framework with the help of q-homotopy analysis transform method (q-HATM). The considered model consists the system of three differential equations having fractional derivative, and the non-linear system exemplifies the evolution of childhood disease in a population and its influence on the community with susceptible, infected and recovered compartment. The projected method is a mixture of q-homotopy analysis method and Laplace transform. Two distinct explanatory cases are considered, and corresponding simulations have been demonstrated in terms of plots for different value of the order. The present investigation elucidates that the projected both derivative and technique play a vital role in the analysis and illustrate the behaviour of diverse mathematical models described with differential equations in human disease. 2021 THE AUTHORS -
A new optimal design and analysis method based on MADM for MEMS products development
Abstract This paper presents an optimum design method to support the total micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) product/device optimization, and its evaluation at the conceptual stage itself using the multiple attribute decision making method. In the traditional MEMS product development cycle, simulation and design using software tools are very important due to the knowledge limitation and complexity in design, fabrication, and packaging processes. The available tools are time consuming and relay on trial and error to achieve an optimum solution. The proposed method simplifies the relationship between parameters of design, fabrication, materials, packaging, and the performance of the MEMS product. The methodology is explained with the help of design flow diagram and time chart. A MEMS-based radio frequency (RF) power sensor is designed and the methodology is demonstrated. The proposed sensitivity analysis method is more effective and less time consuming than traditional techniques. Sensitivity analysis is carried out by varying the thickness of the signal conductor. The results of RF power sensor with insertion loss 0.428 dB, reflection loss 25.956 and voltage standing wave ratio of 1.106 at 1.5 GHz are reported. Springer-Verlag London Limited 2012. -
A new perspective on the genesis of the 2019/2020 Australian bushfire and its atmospheric radiative impacts
Extensive investigations of the genesis and atmospheric radiative impacts of the Australian bushfires of August 2019 to January 2020 (also known as the black summer event) have been carried out using in-situ, multi-satellite, and reanalysis data. We present the observational evidence for the role of total water storage in the initiation of this event. A strong correlation was found between the depletion of the total water storage (sum of surface and sub-surface water storage) caused by the hydrological drought and the burnt area in southeast Australia. Notably, a decadal low of Liquid Water Equivalent Thickness (LWET) going below ?5 cm in December 2019 strongly suggests the crucial role of hydrological drought in the genesis of the black summer event. The hydrological drought provided favorable conditions for intense fire activity during the black summer event and increased the aerosol loading across Australia. The assimilated Aerosol Optical Depth revealed that the impact of the black summer event on the aerosol loading is higher than previously reported. The amplified aerosol backscattering, coupled with the increased surface albedo due to the prevailing drought, led to a significant surge in outgoing shortwave flux and contributed to regional cooling. Along with the increased aerosol loading, it has also been observed that the co-emitted carbon monoxide enhanced the ozone production at 850 hPa, further degrading the air quality. These findings will offer crucial insights for predicting extreme bushfire events and their mitigation policies. 2025 Elsevier Ltd -
A New Series Solution Applicable to a Class of Boundary Layer Equations with Exponential Decay in Solution
A new series solution for the coupled nonlinear boundary value problem (BVP) of the FalknerSkan-type, resulting from the use of the boundary layer approximation to a mixed convective flow is obtained. The solution domain is transformed from the semi-infinite interval of physical interest to the unit interval by using the transformation z= 1 - e-?. The coupled nonlinear BVP is converted into an equivalent initial value problem (IVP) by supplying appropriate initial conditions. Series solution of the equivalent IVP is obtained in powers of 1 - e-? with assistance from the NewtonRaphson method. Convergence of the series is assured by the very design of the series as confirmed by the DombSykes plots and the plots of partial sums. The results of the series solution compare well with the numerical results obtained by the shooting method based on the RungeKuttaFehlberg45 and NewtonRaphson methods. The novelty of the methodology lies in the construction of a new series solution for a class of problems with exponential decay in their solution. Such a work has not been reported before. 2020, Springer Nature India Private Limited. -
A new shape of the supply chain during the COVID-19 pandemic
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a new normal for international business (IB) activities, leaving them pondering their next steps. The decreasing effectiveness of current vaccines to protect individuals against new variants have created uncertainty on how to respond to the new waves of the COVID-19 infection. This study aims to empirically assesses how IBs perceive the unfolding challenges in the supply chain due to the pandemic and the solutions. Design/methodology/approach: The survey data is obtained from 166 logistics professionals in Hong Kong and India. Findings: The results reveal that returns on investment, logistics, delays and imports are the most affected areas. The most often recommended solutions for supply chain management (SCM) include using local manufacturing capabilities, analytics and automation, offering better customer service, providing more effective transportation means, ensuring diligence around optimization and focusing on sustainability. Originality/value: The findings of this study help to improve supply chain operations. This study also provides recommendations for changes to SCM in response to the new normal. 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
A new stepwise method for selection of input and output variables in data envelopment analysis
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is one of the widely accepted optimization technique uses to measure the relative efficiency of organizational units where multiple inputs and outputs are present. The significance of DEA results depends on the variables selected for DEA modelling. One of the main challenges in data envelopment analysis modelling is of identify the significant input and output variables for DEA modelling. In this study, we propose an enhanced stepwise method to identify the significant and insignificant input and output variable by reducing the iterations process in stepwise method. The statistical significance of the input and output variables evaluated using the statistical methods: Least significance difference (LSD), and Welchs statistics. The proposed method applied to the Indian banking sector and the results have shown that the proposed model significantly identified the significant and insignificant input and output variables with least loss of information. 2021 the author(s). -
A new trained ECG signal Classification method using Modified Spline Activated Neural Network
An ECG (Electrocardiogram) records the electrical activity of the heart and assess heart arrhythmia. Cardiac arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat caused by unbalanced rhythm. In the past, several works were developed to produce automatic ECG-based heartbeat classification methods. In this work, a modified spline activated neural network, a new approach for cardiac arrhythmia classification by presenting the ECG signal preprocessing, the heartbeat segmentation techniques, the feature description methods and the learning algorithms used. The MIT-BIH arrhythmia database was used and experimented for testing and training. 2018 IEEE. -
A New Versatile Discrete Distribution for Censored Data: Frequentist and Bayesian Methods With Real-Life Applications
This study introduces a novel and highly flexible class of discrete probability distributions tailored to model the diverse monotonic failure-rate patterns frequently observed in stock-market data. The proposed distribution accommodates outliers effectively and serves as a discrete analogue of the exponential law, enabling analysts to derive robust and interpretable insights into market dynamics. Fundamental mathematical characteristics of the distributionsuch as the probability-generating function, mean, and varianceare thoroughly derived. The model is further extended to handle Type-II censored data, enhancing its applicability to real-world scenarios where incomplete observations are common. Parameter estimation is performed using both maximum-likelihood and Bayesian approaches, with a special focus on techniques suitable for censored samples. The performance and reliability of the estimators are examined through extensive simulation studies. To validate the practical utility of the model, it is applied to five real stock-market datasets obtained from Indiastat. The results demonstrate a superior empirical fit, affirming the models relevance in capturing the underlying patterns of financial time series. This distribution provides a valuable tool for analysts and researchers in the fields of financial statistics, risk modeling, and market behavior analysis. 2013 IEEE. -
A node deployment mechanism for energy-efficient routing in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Military applications are the primary concern of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Efficient target object/event monitoring is a primary goal of military systems in unattended and unmanned areas. Heterogeneous wireless sensor network (HTWSN) is an emerging network for efficient enemy object monitoring in sensitive areas of low cost. The performance of HTWSN is mainly depends on the quality of data transmission and better network lifetime. However, after deployment of HTWSN, the network can experience a serious problem known as path failure. Path failure occurs due to high route overhead, which result poor-quality data transmission and increase the node energy consumption. Path failure results route rediscovery and data packet retransmission. The proposed node deployment mechanism for HTWSN has been minimized the route overhead and improved the path quality, quality data packet transmission by avoid the path failure. The proposed node deployment strategy has given better results in terms of 20 % low node energy consumption, 56 % lower route overhead, 22 % higher network lifetime and 17 % higher data packet delivery ratio than the existing node deployment mechanism of IMCC protocol. 2005 - 2016 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved.