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Application of Advanced Data Mining and Computer Vision Techniques in License Plate Recognition
As urbanization is expanding rapidly and vehicular traffic is on the rise, efficient and automated vehicle identification is a must. Smart transportation, safety monitoring, & police work all heavily rely on Automatic License Plate Detection (ALPD). Traditional heuristic-based image processing techniques are incapable of handling environmental variations; Artificial intelligence (AI) & machine vision solutions are therefore used. YOLO, Faster R-CNN, and SSD are some of the most effective CNN-based and object identification algorithms that demonstrate cutting-edge accuracy in license plate recognition. The paper studies the usage of deep learning algorithms with prepossessing and advanced localization methods for ALPDs' optical character recognition (OCR) and character segmentation. The research also studies integrating ALPD with edge computing and IoTs to develop real-time smart traffic solutions. It also examines machine learning techniques, deep learning innovations, and conventional methods, emphasizing how well various models perform in comparison in terms of accuracy, computational efficiency, and real-time processing power. By employing cutting-edge designs, this study seeks to increase the scalability and resilience of license plate recognition systems, which will support future urban development, security applications, as intelligent transportation management. 2025 IEEE. -
The Effect of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) on the Financial Performance of Listed Companies
The corporate sector is emerging as a significant stakeholder in this transformative journey asnations throughout the world work to align their policies and practices with the SDGs. Theincorporation of SDGs into financial planning has made tremendous headway in India, acountry with a rapidly expanding economy and a diverse corporate landscape. The 50companies that made up the Nifty 50 at the end of 2023 are examined in this study. Twosources provided the financial data on these companies: the Bloomberg platform andSecurities and Exchange Commission (SEC) reports. Only thirty of the NIFTY 50 companieswere putting the SDGs into practise on the previously indicated date. There are fourconfigurations in the successful FP model that describe how the SDGs and FP relate to oneanother. The lack of SDGs, when combined with other variables, explains a high ROE in twoof these four configurations. The examination of the data concludes that businesses who havetraditionally attained higher FP (i.e., higher ROE) have not included SDGs into their strategy.Furthermore, the inclusion of SDGs in strategies results in a lower return on equity (ROE).The paper however takes into consideration only size and risk as the main variables tocalculate the ROE. We recommend the future researchers to consider the other financialvariables while doing the analysis to get a more insightful analysis on the effect of SDGs. Grenze Scientific Society, 2024. -
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SECURE EQUITABLE SUBDIVISION NUMBER OF GRAPHS
In this paper, we initiate the study of a new domination parameter: the secure equitable subdivision number of graphs. Moreover, we define the secure equitable subdivision critical graphs and the secure equitable subdivision stable graphs. Furthermore, we investigate how to construct a secure equitable subdivision critical graph. 2024, Canadian University of Dubai. All rights reserved. -
Cerium-doped Co3O4 spinel structures synthesized by modified combustion route as an excellent material for electrochemical applications
This work shed light on the impact of cerium doping on the structural and electrochemical features of Co3-xCexO4(x = 0, 0.02, 0.04) synthesized via a facile and cost-effective modified combustion route. The structural, morphological and compositional investigations unveiled the formation of nanocrystalline structures with promising morphologies. BET and XPS methodologies explored the materials' porosity and electronic state of the materials. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized materials was evaluated by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) at various scan rates, Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) at different current densities, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic (EIS) techniques. GCD studies depicted an exquisite specific capacitance of 498 Fg-1 for Co2.98Ce0.02O4 at a current density of 1 Ag-1 and it displayed a capacitance retention of 95 % for over 2000 GCD cycles further it retains up to 90 % even after 3000 GCD cycles at a current density of 1Ag-1 juxtapose to other compositions. Our work emphasizes the importance of the material for energy storage applications. 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. -
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Empowering Kirana Shops through Digital Ecosystem and Physical Infrastructure for Unprecedented Efficiency and Elevated Customer Experience
In today's evolving retail environment, it is important to ensure the sustenance of unorganised small retailers. Efforts should be made to make these retailers innovative and competitive. This study focuses on the need to upgrade the digital and physical infrastructure of Kiranas. Initially, researchers examined store physical layouts. Primary data analysis from Indian consumers via online surveys confirms the significance of store design. The layout directly influences impulse purchases. Unlike in modern retail stores where consumers often shop with family and friends, prompting unplanned purchases due to product visibility and tactile engagement, Kirana shops can capitalise on these behaviours. The study proposes an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model for Kirana shops, illustrating its potential value. AI-driven data analysis offers invaluable insights into operational dynamics, leveraging advanced algorithms to process vast datasets encompassing sales, inventory, and customer interactions. This approach enables uncovering intricate patterns, accurate demand forecasting, and optimising inventory levels, enhancing operational efficiency. Additionally, AI-driven sentiment analysis of customer feedback facilitates personalised marketing strategies, improving customer satisfaction. By enhancing infrastructure and embracing AI-based data analysis, Kirana shops can stay competitive, adapt to market changes, and ensure sustained growth in the evolving retail landscape. 2024 IEEE. -
The role of personal harmony and organisational citizenship behaviour in enhancing job satisfaction of teachers working in Indian higher educational institutions during the COVID-19 catastrophe in the VUCA world
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a good example of a Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity (VUCA) world. Higher educational institutions (HEIs) have faced a massive hit because the jobs in this industry have become unexpected. Considering the most valuable assets 'Teachers' crunched in the VUCA crisis, the study intends to determine if personal harmony (PH) and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) would enhance teachersjob satisfaction (JS). Design/methodology/approach: Data are collected from the teachers of Indian HEIs and teachers who have experienced the impact of the COVID-19 catastrophe (VUCA). Considering the pandemic restrictions, data have been collected through an online survey (N = 364). Practical Implications: PH is an individual's internal quality and attribute that cannot be developed on force or situational need. Even in an uncertain situation, teachers have tried their best to contribute through professional service. Hence, people who possess PH contribute their best even though unsatisfied with their jobs. Originality/value: This study has focused on finding the relationship between two different variables, PH and OCB (which has not been explored in Asian countries, majorly in India, where it has a vast cultural diversity and structure influencing the educational policies) that hinders the factors influencing JS, where these two variables are highly influenced by hygiene factors such as values, culture, ethical standards, personal belief, leadership styles, and fair treatment showcased by the organisations/institutions. 2024 The authors. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved. -
NAVIGATING FOR PEACE IN THE CONUNDRUMS OF RELIGION AND LAW
It is a critical question whether unrestricted freedom of religion is detrimental to the development of peace. Recently the religious dictate of wearing a hijab has come in conflict with the prescription of uniforms at educational institutions. This led to large-scale violence and unrest in society. It raised concerns about the scope of the right to freedom of expression, protection of religious expression, the overarching requirement of a need for public order, and reasonable accommodation of diversity in society. This research explores these issues in the context of educational institutions by critically analysing the laws and operative principles and the role of law and religion in promoting social cohesion and integrity. It addresses the counterarguments of reasonable accommodation and argues that the concept of reasonable accommodation fails to address deep-rooted structural inequalities, and in an education setup prescription of uniforms is justified as it portrays higher values of equality, development, and peace. 2022 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore),. -
Perovskite photosupercapacitors: Next generation powerpacks integrating solar cells and supercapacitors
As solar energy is intermittent, it must be stored in addition to being harvested, opening one of the most potential areas for powering future technology. The devices that have the ability to collect and store energy are called Photosupercapacitors. Owing to their dual purpose, photosupercapacitors are gaining increasing attention as potential components for emerging wearable and portable electronics. These devices have advanced significantly; among them, Perovskite-based Photosupercapacitors have reported greater efficiency so far. When required, this integrated device, which consists of a perovskite solar cell unit and a supercapacitor, can supply reliable off-grid power to external loads and charge itself in an illuminated space. This review primarily focuses on various types of Perovskite-based Photosupercapacitors that have emerged so far, significantly discussing the choice of material for each layer, the technique of connecting the solar cell and supercapacitor, the performance of each part, and the overall powerpack performance. The present review gives a broad outlook on challenges and future perspectives involved in the development of these devices. We believe that this review would provide a valid account of the current developments and future scopes for developing portable, highly efficient Perovskite-based Photosupercapacitors with less toxicity and admissible stability. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
Exploring the Balance Between Automated Decision-Making and Human Judgment in Managerial Contexts
The study delves into the dynamic and evolving discussion surrounding the balance between automated and human judgment within the realm of managerial decision-making. The primary objective of this research is to gain insight into how AI is evolving to mitigate ethical biases that are inherent in managerial decision-making. To accomplish this goal, the study adopts a theoretical approach, supported by qualitative analysis through an extensive review of existing literature. By systematically investigating AI techniques for managerial decision-making, the research contributes to a broader understanding of how AI is progressing to promote ethically sound managerial decisions in future. The findings from this study are pertinent to business leaders, policymakers, and researchers, offering guidance as they navigate the intricate relationship between automation and human judgment in todays managerial landscape. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Secure equitable domination in Cartesian product of graphs
In graphs, several domination parameters have been introduced by incorporating a combination of the existing ones. A secure equitable domination is a domination in which the dominating set admits the properties of both; secure as well as equitable dominating sets. An equitable dominating set D of a graph G is said to be secure equitable dominating set, if for every u ? V?D, there exists a vertex v ? D such that u and v are adjacent and {D?{v}}?{u} is an equitable dominating set of G. The minimum cardinality of a secure equitable dominating set of G is called the secure equitable domination number of G. In this paper, we study certain cases were the secure domination, the equitable domination and the secure equitable domination bounds are equal. Moreover, we establish the bounds of secure equitable domination number of the Cartesian product of graphs. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Secure Equitability in Chemical Networks
Let G (V,E) be a simple connected graph with a set of nodes V(G) and a set of edges E(G). A secure equitable dominating set [Formula Presented] is a dominating set in which, for any vertex [Formula Presented], there exists at least one vertex [Formula Presented] such that the vertex u belongs to the equitable neighborhood of v and, if we swap the vertices u and v, then the equitable domination property of the graph does not change. A secure equitable dominating set of minimum number of nodes in G is named a [Formula Presented] -set and the cardinality of a [Formula Presented] -set is called the secure equitable domination number of G, denoted by [Formula Presented]. In this paper, we study the bounds of secure equitable domination number in certain chemical structures. Moreover, we give an application of the parameter on interconnection networks. 2026 Scrivener Publishing LLC. -
Cerium-doped Co3O4 spinel structures synthesized by modified combustion route as an excellent material for electrochemical applications
This work shed light on the impact of cerium doping on the structural and electrochemical features of Co3-xCexO4(x = 0, 0.02, 0.04) synthesized via a facile and cost-effective modified combustion route. The structural, morphological and compositional investigations unveiled the formation of nanocrystalline structures with promising morphologies. BET and XPS methodologies explored the materials' porosity and electronic state of the materials. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized materials was evaluated by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) at various scan rates, Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) at different current densities, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic (EIS) techniques. GCD studies depicted an exquisite specific capacitance of 498 Fg-1 for Co2.98Ce0.02O4 at a current density of 1 Ag-1 and it displayed a capacitance retention of 95 % for over 2000 GCD cycles further it retains up to 90 % even after 3000 GCD cycles at a current density of 1Ag-1 juxtapose to other compositions. Our work emphasizes the importance of the material for energy storage applications. 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. -
Tertiary Packaging Issues and Their Influence on Repurchase Intention and Loyalty of Customers Towards E-Retailers
his thesis investigates the significance of tertiary packaging in the context of e-retail business and its influence on customer preference, repurchase intention, and loyalty towards e-retailers. With the rapid growth of e-retail, it is expected to become the dominant form of retail worldwide, surpassing traditional brick and mortar establishments. While e-retail offers convenience and flexibility to customers, intensifying competition among e- retailers raises concerns about how they will effectively manage it. As e- retailers resort to increased marketing efforts to attract customers, certain aspects, including tertiary packaging, may be inadvertently overlooked. Tertiary packaging plays a critical role in the e-retail process, and this study analyses its impact on customer perception and satisfaction. By exploring the issues related to tertiary packaging that affect customers, this research aims to provide insights to e-retailers for developing a more efficient and sustainable tertiary packaging model. The anticipated outcomes of this research are expected to enhance e-retailers' ability to attract customers, increase repurchase intention, and foster loyalty towards the e-retailer, ultimately contributing to their long-term success in the evolving e-commerce landscape. -
Boosting Competitiveness Through Data: How Online Procurement Drives Data-Driven Decision-Making in Traditional Kirana Shops
Integrating traditional and modern elements presents significant challenges, yet when successful, the synergy can be immense. Onboarding Indian Kirana shopssmall, unorganized mom-and-pop storesinto a comprehensive digital infrastructure is crucial given the current retail landscape and evolving consumer demands. These shops are vital to the countrys food and grocery ecosystem but face disruption from the rise of e-commerce and organized retail. By adapting new business models and technologies, Kirana shops can enhance their competitiveness. This study highlights the critical role of digitalization and data-driven decision-making in small scale retail formats. Researchers collected primary data from Kirana shops doing online procurement and those relying on traditional methods like purchasing from distributors. Analysis of primary data shows that shops utilizing online procurement platforms demonstrate superior performance, attributed to factors like competitive pricing and timely delivery. Most importantly, the insights and analytics provided by eB2B platforms are game changers. Data emerges as the key differentiator; digitalization enables access to critical analytics, allowing for informed business decisions that improve success rates and provide a competitive edge. Consequently, this study propose an ideal digital end-to-end model designed to enhance operational efficiency and drive growth for unorganized Kirana shops. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Endurance and Evolution: Exploring Levels of Resilience Among Indian Breast Cancer Survivors
Resilience for Indian women with breast cancer involves maintaining positivity and adaptability amid the complex challenges affecting their physical, emotional, and social well-being. However, research focused on resilience amongst this population in Indian settings is limited. Therefore, the aim of the study is to explore the experience of levels, patterns, and processes of resilience in Indian women living with breast cancer. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to study resilience. Thirty-three participants from two hospitals underwent semistructured interviews, including survivors, women in cancer therapy, and family members. Data collected via audio recordings were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis techniques. The finding describes four themes of experience of resilience in women living with breast cancer. (a) Cancer diagnosis is a life-changing experience. Breast cancer diagnosis and therapy cause existential crisis, psychological distress, and social stigma. (b) Restoring healthy perception in an adverse event. Navigating challenges and achieving a balance between internal and external factors. (c) Types of supportthe pathway to resilience. Enhanced their resilience through internal support including attributes, past experiences, sociodemographic factors, and brain fitness. External support includes family, friends, religious or spiritual advisors, medical care, role models, other cancer survivors, and comfortable environments. (d) Learning and growing from the experience. Gained a better perspective on life, ultimately resulting in a new normal and finding meaning in the experience. Data show breast cancer survivors experience dynamic resilience, highlighting the need for culturally tailored interventions and supportive avenues within cancer care by healthcare providers and policymakers. The Author(s) 2024. -
Beyond numbers - Recent understanding of emotional needs of persons diagnosed with cancer 2007-2018
Epidemiology is a vital tool of public health. The usefulness of epidemiology is not only about numbers of persons' ill in the community but also to understand the associations, the presentation, identification of new syndromes, to map the historical trends, and calculate morbid risk. The emotional impact of the diagnosis of cancer is well-recognized. Indian cancer research relating to the psychosocial aspects has been largely limited to counting the numbers with psychiatric syndromes. The review covers 12 years of the Indian research in psycho-oncology to understand the different aspects of epidemiology. During the review period, there are growing number of epidemiological studies (29); psychiatric morbidity ranges from 41.7% to 46%; and prevalence rate ranges from 4.4% to 97.8% for anxiety and 1.2%-89.9% for depression; majority of the studies have used one-stage screening for assessment, which is not the ideal method of identifying mental disorders. The severity of the disorders is presented only in nine studies. Quality of life is the most common associated dimension of the studies. There is the absence of studies of posttraumatic growth, resilience, and spirituality. This review calls for greater rigor in the planning of studies of emotional impact, especially the use of two-stage method, longitudinal studies, studies of different types of cancer and in different stages, include additional measures such as disease burden, coping, resilience, spirituality, and the family/social factors to understand the emotional aspects of living with cancer. There is a need for describing the emotional aspects of living with cancer (lived-in experiences) beyond the clinical syndromes. 2020 Indian Journal of Palliative Care. -
Determinants of Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
The morbidity and mortality rates associated with breast cancer are a major public health concern globally. The resulting impairment in the patients quality of life (QOL) affects their health, symptoms, and well-being in physical, social, psychological, environmental, and sexual functioning. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature addressing the determinants of QOL in breast cancer patients. A search of 6 electronic medical databases was undertaken. Employing a rigorous systematic protocol, eligible articles were analyzed and a total of 22 studies that met all eligibility criteria were included in the systematic review. The total sample size was 7,041 women ranging from 30 to 66 years. The determinants of QOL were found to cluster into 10 areas. These include the degree of pain, type and stage of cancer treatment, medical health, cognitive and behavioural factors, emotional health, physical activity and appearance, social factors, age and menopausal status, education and employment status, and ethnicity and religion. The types of breast cancer treatment and psychological parameters were the most common determinants of QOL in breast cancer patients. These insights can help formulate proactive interventions that can be used by patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals to build protective capacities and alleviate challenges to ensure superior quality of life in women with breast cancer. 2022,Journal of International Women''s Studies. All Rights Reserved. -
Interventions for the improvement of social skills in autism spectrum disorder in India: A systematic review
Background: The increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in India is in a gaping contrast with the existing interventions in India. Though several interventions have proved their efficiency in foreign countries, such studies within India are scarce. Aims: This review attempts to systematically examine the different intervention practices that include improvement of social skills in ASD that is practiced in India as revealed through published literature on the same. Methods: Studies published from 2000 to 2020 were selected for the study. Evidence is presented for nine treatment categories: Behavior-based interventions, Developmental Interventions, TEACHH approach, Parent-mediated Interventions, speech-based Interventions, electronics-based interventions, augmentative and alternative communication, play-based interventions and Yoga-based interventions. These studies were drawn from databases Ebsco, Proquest, PubMed, MEDLINE, science direct and Google Scholar. Though a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn without a meta-analysis, the available evidence is gathered and evaluated in the present review. Results: The review has proved to be a reliable summary of the interventions that include improvement of social skills in ASD that is practiced in India. Conclusions: Parent-mediated interventions may be more appropriate for the resource-poor settings of India, when developmental interventions may be more appropriate for the resourcerich settings of India. The scarcity of published literature on the topic in India is also a significant factor that highlighted itself through the research. 2021, Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. All rights reserved.