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Adoption of Sustainable Digital Technologies in Industry 4.0
We are living in a society that has been engulfed with growing technology, and the integration of it has become such an important part of our lives that it is scary to think of our daily lives without mobile phones, internet, or smart gadgets. Industry 4.0, briefly, means using new age technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, Internet of Things, and big data in the different real-world applications of manufacturing, processing, and distribution of goods and services. Industry 4.0 involves making use of smart factories and technologies to minimize waste and to gain an absolute advantage in the development process. We already know the different use cases of these technologies and how these things help in lessening our workload, so it seems logical to apply them to broader aspects of our daily lives. Technologies mitigate our workload and improve efficiency. We have seen that these technologies are proving useful in different spheres of economics, with the help of new decision-making processes, model predictions, and even to improve healthcare. Through the scope of this chapter, we would shed light on how these different technologies are being incorporated and how these would help in stabilizing industry by its constant integration. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Vandana Sharma, Balamurugan Balusamy, Munish Sabharwal, and Mariya Ouaissa. -
Polymer-Based Nanomaterial as a Bacteriostatic Agent on Gram-Positive Bacteria
The colonization of surfaces by bacteria is a widespread phenomenon that affects environmental processes and human health. Bacterial growth can also be found in materials used in the textile industries, food packaging, and wearable electronics. Moreover, the necessity for replacing traditional antibiotics is relevant due to the increased health risks of antimicrobial resistance from the excessive use of antibiotics. Recently, research is focused more on developing polymer-based antibacterial materials critical to preventing bacterial proliferation. The use of some nanomaterials appears to be very promising in this regard. This work reports the synthesis of a polymer-based nanomaterial derived from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) via the hydrothermal method and studies its structural and optical properties. It is also observed that these nanoparticles (NPs) display the highest antibacterial potency against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria than their bulk counterpart. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Research Potentials and Future Trends of Digital Sustainability
A once-in-a-century pandemic has left scars on countries already roiled by the increasingly erratic weather patterns induced by the climate crisis, wreaking havoc on sectors as diverse as food security, industrial production, and defence. Countries are torn between ameliorating COVID-19's devastating impact on education, health, and livelihoods of citizens, and finding their footing in a new global order. But from this ferment are emerging technologies, ideas, and solutions that will drive the world of the future; innovation and big ideas are building a vision that is bold and transformative. As the digital technologies evolve, its comprehensive impact on the environment needs to be considered to harness its full potential. Technology is transforming our world, but at the same time it brings new opportunities as well as challenges for sustainability. The unintended negative environmental impacts emerging from technologies are likely to be outweighed by potential of technology to solving it. Advances in technology, coupled with artificial intelligence, innovation in analytics, and data generation, is likely to have positive sustainability impacts. This chapter highlights the research potential and future trends of digital technologies for sustainability purposes. We intend to evaluate the implications of digital technology such as cloud computing, blockchain, Internet of Things, big data analytics, and artificial intelligence on pollution reduction, sustainable farming practices, conservation of biodiversity, and natural disaster management. Using real-life cases, we will investigate how digital technologies can be both an obstacle and enabler to global sustainability, which will enable devising appropriate digitalization strategies geared towards the achievement of sustainability. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Vandana Sharma, Balamurugan Balusamy, Munish Sabharwal, and Mariya Ouaissa. -
Machine Learning and Signal Processing Methodologies to Diagnose Human Knee Joint Disorders: A Computational Analysis
Computer-aid diagnostic (CAD) has emerged as a highly innovative research topic in diverse fields which includes medical imaging systems, radiology diagnostics, and so on. These are the systems that majorly assist doctors by the way of interpretation of medical data or images. In the diagnosis of knee joint disorder technique, both time and frequency-based analysis can be done. These non-stationary and non-linear signals are processed into three important methods, namely VMD, TVF-EMD, and CEEMDAN. To analyze the vibroarthrographic (VAG) signal, the initial stage is to compute the mode strategies termed as intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) which can be attained only after performing the transformations. In our chapter, we analyzed Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) for computing the mode signals. The CEEMDAN method utilized the time and frequency data for the available features. The feature extraction depends purely on pixel intensity and the statistical parameters. The classification of available data samples is done through the Least Square Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) and SVM-Recursion of Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) for the efficient analysis of healthy and unhealthy data samples. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Hemachandran K., Raul V. Rodriguez, Umashankar Subramaniam, and Valentina Emilia Balas; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Using Analytics to Measure the Impact of Pollution Parameters in Major Cities of India
Coronavirus is airborne and can spread easily. Air pollution may have an impact on breathing and also keep the virus airborne. The levels of air pollution were impacted by the lockdown measures, restricting the vehicular and industrial pollutants. Therefore, there is a need to understand the relation between air pollution levels and the Coronavirus infection rate. The study aims to find the effect of various pollutants across major cities of India on the R-value. The pollution data was collected from the Governments official portal. The major pollutants on which the data was collected are PM2.5, PM10, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, and Ozone. The data on air pollution levels were also collected for the selected cities from April 2020 to April 2021. The spread is measured as the reproduction number at time t (Rt), which is an estimate of infectious disease transmissibility throughout an outbreak, or it is the rating of Coronavirus or any diseases ability to spread. The data is analysed using MS Excel and R Programming. Descriptive statistics and regularisation are performed on the data. The study results reveal that some pollutants positively and negatively affect the infection rate. However, the effect is very low, and it concluded that the pollution might not directly affect infection rates. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023. -
Pilot Study on Adoption and Usage of AI in Food Processing Industry by UTAUT2
Artificial intelligence (AI) improves the efficiency of work and effectiveness in the output. Currently, food processing industries have started using AI in their business operations. It is crucial to have an in-depth understanding of the adoption and usage of AI systems in food processing industries. Therefore, this paper validates the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) in the context of the food processing industry. This study applied AI to the food processing industries in the Bengaluru region. The study's objective is to build a clear vision of the factors that affect the user acceptance and behaviour intention of the user by pilot test. The pilot survey collected 62 responses through the questionnaire. The respondents were employees from the food processing industries in Bengaluru. The reliability test of the questionnaire was done by using Jamovi 2.3.16 software. The questionnaire was tested in three ways: Cronbach Alpha, McDonalds Omega, and Inter-rater reliability. The results of the entire test were reliable since overall Cronbach Alpha of 0.874, which is within the range of 0.800.90, and considered good internal consistency. Similarly, McDonalds Omega is within the range of 0.800.90, which is excellent consistency, and Inter-rater reliability is within the range of moderately acceptable scores from 50 to 75%. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Patents and Innovations for Digital Sustainability
With technology growing at a rapid pace, a major issue which is being faced is the problem of effective energy usage and sustainability such that the future generation does not have to bear the brunt of our actions. Through the course of the chapter, the various innovations and patents in the field of digital sustainability are explored which are vital for the preservation of the planet. Patents play a crucial role in promoting innovations and development, as well as protecting the rights of inventors. The varied recent developments in the field of energy sustainability and explaining their work while assessing their contribution to the field are the focus of this chapter. The chapter also provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between patents and innovations in digital sustainability, offering insights and guidance for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working in this field. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Vandana Sharma, Balamurugan Balusamy, Munish Sabharwal, and Mariya Ouaissa. -
Thermomechanical and viscoelastic properties of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer nanocomposites
Due to the ongoing depletion of fossil fuels, which have been the primary sources of monomers from which the vast majority of synthetic polymers are derived, biodegradable and biocompatible polymeric composites (BBPCs) have received a great deal of attention in recent years. The use of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers is expanding due to their ability to reduce toxic and nondegradable waste materials. Traditional polymers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene are nonbiodegradable, making reuse and recycling difficult. As a result, massive amounts of nonbiodegradable waste are generated all over the world. Biodegradable polymers have been widely used in medical and packaging applications because they are typically made from renewable materials that biodegrade when discarded. Producing biodegradable composites with the addition of environmentally friendly nanofillers is increasingly being regarded as the next-generation materials for improving some of the properties and performance of biodegradable polymers. Despite growing interest in biodegradable and biocompatible polymer research, most studies focus on their preparation methodologies and characterization, with little attention paid to their thermo-mechanical and viscoelastic behavior. Thus, the potential of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer nanocomposites under various thermo-mechanical conditions, as well as their viscoelastic behavior, is reviewed in this chapter. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
AI and Real-Time Business Intelligence
Timely and accurate knowledge that can be provided to different stakeholders in an enterprise improves the performance and decision-making capabilities with better insight. The information, be it qualitative or quantitative, when made available to decision makers becomes the basis of the business intelligence (BI) that improves functionality, scalability and reliability. The knowledge is managed by application of various data warehousing techniques, and artificial intelligence comes into play by providing an ample number of data mining and machine learning techniques. The chapter aims at analyzing the origin, evolution and development of BI systems and their relationship with artificial intelligence (AI). The chapter also aims to provide new research horizons in the scientific activities and advancements in BI, knowledge management and analysis. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Hemachandran K., Raul V. Rodriguez, Umashankar Subramaniam, and Valentina Emilia Balas; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Playing With Differences: Social-Emotional Learning to Reduce Bullying and Promote Inclusivity
Inclusivity is a key indicator for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. At the school level, bullying mars the appreciation of individual differences and acts as a barrier to inclusivity. The use of social-emotional learning is recommended to promote inclusivity and reduce bullying. Play is an enjoyable form of learning social-emotional skills for all age groups. It is also known to promote positive peer relationships and enable learners to develop a wide range of skills. Hence, educators can incorporate play through digital pedagogical tools and grade-wise play activities to engage students. Resultantly, learners can become emotionally intelligent individuals, sensitive to and respectful of differences. 2023 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Study on Falkner-Skan Flow of MWCNT-MgO/ EG Hybrid Nanofluid
In this chapter, a theoretical study of the Falkner-Skan flow and heat transport of a Newtonian ethylene glycol containing MWCNT-MgO hybrid nanoparticles on a wedge-shaped surface using the modified Buongiorno nanofluidic model (MBNM) is performed. The mechanisms of Brownian motion (BM) and microscopic thermophoresis (MT) of solid nanoparticles are implicitly included together with the thermophysical properties. The effects of thermal radiation, the Lorentz force, and Joule heating are examined. The passive control of the nanoparticles and the thermal jump boundary conditions are considered. The governing equations are modeled using the conservation of mass, the Navier-Stokes equation, the conservation of energy, and the conservation of nanoparticle volume fraction. The Prandtl boundary layer and Rosseland heat flux approximations were used. The velocity, temperature, and volume fraction of nanoparticles behaviors are analyzed for various parameters. It is determined that the temperature of the hybrid nanofluid increased due to the presence of Joule heating, radiative heat flux, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis aspects in the system. Furthermore, a hybrid nanoliquid exhibits a higher heat transfer rate than mono nanoliquid and base fluid. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Katta Ramesh, Fateh Mebarek-Oudina, and Basma Souayeh; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Strengthening Supply Chain Management Through Technology
The removal of trade barriers with the advent of WTO and which led to LPG (liberalization, privatization, and globalization) across the universe increased choices of brands for consumers and even the complexity of products within organization and the expectations of consumers rising daily. Organizations look for better management of their supply chain from end to end, i.e., sourcing of raw materials from vendors to delivering finished products at the doorstep of consumers. This means businesses that used to be operations hubs within the company have moved into the epicenter of business innovation, and this process can not be done manually or by few people within organizations, thus the need to back up business innovations and product complexities through advanced technologies. Using sensors like RFID, CRM, AI, and ML, organizations today collect information at every checkpoint from status of raw materials flow to the location of finished goods. Supply chain management is the process of planning and implementing the operations of the sourcing of quality materials at competitive cost. This chapter explores strengthening supply chain management through technology. 2023 by IGI Global. -
Critical Factors Leading to Sustainable Initiatives in the Global Market
With the emergence of digital technologies, no sector has remained untouched from the influence and application of digitalization. The future is moving more toward implementing and operating things digitally. Sustainable development aims to achieve a better and secure future, thus the need for renewal of resources. To secure the future of all, there is a need to meet human development goals by preserving the natural resources on which the economy depends. Sustainable development concentrates on economic development, social development, and environmental development. The natural system, or resources, has significant importance on the economic as well as social development. There are many areas of influence that lead to the need of sustainable development. This chapter provides thorough and deep insight into sustainable development and its implementation in digital technologies. The chapter covers, but is not limited to, the following: Introduction to sustainable development History of sustainable development Factors influencing sustainable development Underlying goals of sustainable development. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Vandana Sharma, Balamurugan Balusamy, Munish Sabharwal, and Mariya Ouaissa. -
INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING INTERNSHIP: An Analytical Approach
The introduction chapter presents the transition that teaching internship models underwent from the 20th century to the 21st century. It addresses the need for acquiring the teaching knowledge required of a teacher trainee suitable to the present time. It provides a glimpse of internship practices in other professions like medicine, law and business to provide an analytical base to understand the teaching internship. A successful teaching practicum is determined by its outcome and the experiences offered at the internship site. The chapter also sheds light on the expectations and benefits of teaching internship. It also clarifies the terms used in teaching internship for a common understanding from the stakeholders. It explores the idea of mentor and mentorship in teaching internship. The chapter concludes by providing an overview of the succeeding chapters in the volume. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Disrupted Diners: Impacts of COVID-19 on Restaurant Service Systems and Technological Adaptations
Measures such as lockdowns and social distancing may have effectively controlled the pandemic, but they have a tremendous detrimental effect on businesses relying heavily on face-to-face communications such as the restaurant and dine-in industry. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, the restaurant and dine-in places had to face the brunt of losing customers due to government-mandated public health measures. The restaurant sector had to look for an overhaul immediately as the disruptions caused by the pandemic has pushed them either on the verge of closure or bad financial health. Nevertheless, an upsurge of technological advancements has come as a lender of last resort to the restaurant industry. This chapter presents the major disruptions caused by the pandemic in the in-person dining sector. It also sheds light on the various methods shaping the future of the restaurant industry. Finally, the chapter deals with the different prospects and challenges awaiting the paths of transformation and draws a framework called The Dining Spectrum as a contribution to the existing literature. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022. -
GUIDELINES TO CARRY OUT TEACHING INTERNSHIP
The volume presented chapters on fundamental aspects of teaching internship to the cases of internship in countries across the Global South to the Global North. In addition, it discussed research insights into teaching internship practices and assessment of teaching internship. The previous chapter dealt with important templates useful for carrying out internships. The present chapter attempts to provide certain guidelines for carrying out internships. These guidelines might help those involved in organising teaching internships at schools. Understanding the steps of organising and deliberations on each stage of the internship process helps the stakeholders reap maximum benefit from the internship. Future researchers may focus on understanding the effectiveness of these guidelines when implemented. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
EXPERIENTIAL TOURISM: Nature-based Tourism Trends in India
The rise of experiential tourism in recent years is seemingly gaining momentum. Tourism providers are marketing immersive travel experiences by engaging visitors with the destinations history, residents, and environment. Experience tourism entails immersing oneself in the essence of the destination in its truest sense. Authenticity involving emotions and values is of great importance for tourism marketing. Experiential travel rejects the idea of the traditional visitor experiences and gets back to the roots of travel. Over the last decade, nature-based tourism has become a widespread phenomenon and contributes more than US$120 billion to global GDP. The recent pandemic has additionally stimulated the demand for spending time and nature. Thus, experiential nature-based tourism could play an important role in the sustainable recovery of global tourism. This chapter discusses Indias critical experiential tourism trends through the marketing perspective and provides innovative marketing solutions for nature-based experiential tourism planning and development. Extensive and comprehensive literature has been used in this study to identify and critically reflect on vital nature-based experiences worldwide and the recent trends in the market. 2023 Taylor and Francis. -
TEACHING INTERNSHIP THE WAY FORWARD
This is the last chapter of the volume. Thus, it presents the summary of the volume, which includes the storyline on teaching internship with an analytical argument across the chapters. It presents an overview of all the internship models discussed in the first part of the volume and then about its second part, which is essentially the research insights and practicing guidelines of the teaching-internship. The chapter concludes with a discussion of moving forward. Moving forward discusses future possible trends in teaching internship, which include internships in virtual spaces and other innovations, which might replace the current teaching internship practices. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
An Area-Efficient Unique 4:1 Multiplexer Using Nano-electronic-Based Architecture
Quantum dot cellular automata computing methodology is a new way to develop systems with less power consumption. Nanotechnology-based computing technology has enabled the QCA principles to be more relevant with respect to the critical limitations of current VLSI-based design. In this paper, a novel 4:1 multiplexer design based on the QCA concept is presented. As compared to the previous designs of a multiplexer, this novel design is area efficient and power efficient. A five-input majority voter is used for the design of the multiplexer. The 4:1 multiplexer is constructed by making use of three 2:1 multiplexer. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Dynamics of the Dadras-Momeni System in the Frame of the Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional Derivative
Investigation of chaos in dynamical systems is one of the most fascinating issues that has received a lot of attention across a variety of scientific domains. One such dynamical system which generates two, three, and four-scroll chaotic attractors with a single parameter change, is the novel Dadras-Momeni system. In this study, we have analyzed the Dadras-Momeni system in the frame of the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative. Theoretical aspects such as boundedness, existence, and uniqueness of solutions are presented. A detailed analysis is presented regarding the stability of points of equilibrium. To regulate chaos in this fractional-order system with unpredictable dynamics, a sliding mode controller is developed and the global stability of the system with control law is established. Later, we introduced uncertainties and external disturbances to the controlled system, and the condition of global stability is derived. To perform numerical simulation we have identified certain values of the parameters where the system exhibits chaotic behavior. Then the theoretical claims about the influence of the controller on the system are established with the help of numerical simulations. 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.