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Novel Applications of Graphene and its Derivatives: A Short Review
Graphene, a layered allotropic form of graphitic carbon, has fascinated the scientific world since its discovery. Its unique structural, physical, chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties find application in many areas. Because of its large surface area and its apt electrical property, it is used in electromagnetic interference shielding. With excellent carrier mobility, it is used for sensing purposes. Mechanical strength and elastic properties coupled with its lightweight make graphene a promising material as a supercapacitor. The 2-dimensional structural properties of the graphene layers can be used for the purification treatment of water and gas. The number of research in graphene applications is increasing every day, showing the importance and excellency of graphene properties. This short review provides a comprehensive understanding of graphene's properties and progress in electromagnetic interference shielding, sensors, water treatment, energy production, storage, and conversion applications such as supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells and electrocatalysts. 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. -
The role of switching cost in the e-service recovery framework among banking customers
Purpose: The emergence of tech-driven initiatives in retail banking has created a vast spectrum of system-related service failures; hence, e-service recovery quality is of prime importance to banks to ensure e-service recovery satisfaction. However, e-service satisfaction is dependent on the ease of moving from one service provider to the other; thus, switching costs assume great significance. This study aims to probe the moderating role of switching cost on e-service recovery satisfaction by exploring e-service recovery quality antecedents. Design/methodology/approach: A measurement model is suggested in the contextual settings of the Indian banking scenario and is estimated using structural equation modeling. Responses from 399 e-banking customers, who had experienced a service failure, were sought using a five-point Likert scale. Findings: The result affirms that recovery expectation is the most significant predictor of e-service recovery satisfaction, and that switching cost moderates the relation between e-service recovery quality and e-service recovery satisfaction. Practical implications: The study highlights the high relevance of switching costs in the e-banking context and emphasizes investment in marketing strategies and campaigns to do away with switching intentions. It also highlights the relevance of recovery expectations as an antecedent of e-service recovery quality and thus stresses the need to satisfactorily address the same in the e-service recovery process. Originality/value: This study contributes to the e-service recovery satisfaction literature in the banking context by empirically validating the moderating role of switching cost. It also identifies the critical antecedents of banking e-service recovery quality. 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Visible light photodegradation of organic dyes using electrochemically synthesized MoO3/ZnO
In this study, flake-like MoO3-ZnO composite was prepared using a simple and robust electrochemical setup. The composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, photoluminescence, zeta potential analysis, and electrochemical impedance study. The modified ZnO shows a remarkable catalytic activity towards the photodegradation of three potentially hazardous dyes, malachite green, crystal violet, and methylene blue. More than 95% of both malachite green and crystal violet degraded within 140 min under visible light irradiation. Scavenger studies reveal that OH radicals produced by the photo-separated charges on MoO3-ZnO are responsible for the degradation of all three dyes. The photoactive charge carriers show less recombination rate as evidenced by the photoluminescence spectrum due to the interparticle charge migration process. This work suggests a new versatile procedure for the synthesis of MoO3-ZnO composites and establishes its photocatalytic efficacy under visible light with three common pollutant dyes found in wastewater. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. -
Destination image and perceived meaningfulness for visitor loyalty: A strategic positioning of Indian destinations
The purpose of this study is to empirically test and validate a multi-dimensional structure of In-loco Destination Image and perceived meaningfulness using an integrated model of visitor loyalty. The model was tested using data collected from responses of foreign tourists visiting India (n = 246). The results identified six dimensions of In-loco Destination Image: Amenities, Attractions, Leisure, Culture, Support Systems, and Hospitality. In addition, the investigation observes that of the identified dimensions of perceived meaningfulness, the spiritual and societal dimensions contribute more to perceived meaningfulness than the physical well-being aspect. Further, the exploration estimated the theoretical framework developed using structural equation modelling and established the mediating role of perceived meaningfulness in developing visitor loyalty from In-loco Destination Image. The studys observations helped identify three positioning approaches, namely objective, subjective, and combined, offering suggestions to destination marketers to effectively reposition Indian destinations. 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Electrochemical synthesis, photodegradation and antibacterial properties of PEG capped zinc oxide nanoparticles
The effect of surfactant and dopant on the properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles were studied by preparing polyethylene glycol (PEG) capped ZnO and tungsten doped PEG capped ZnO nanoparticles via the electrochemical method. These nanoparticles were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Electron Dispersive Analysis of X Rays (EDAX). The photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using these nanoparticles was studied under visible light. The effects of various reaction parameters like dye concentration, catalyst concentration, pH and time were studied to optimize the photodegradation reaction. Reusability of these nanoparticles was studied and no significant change was observed in the degradation efficiency of PEG capped ZnO till the fourth cycle, while there was a gradual decrease in the degradation efficiency of tungsten doped PEG capped ZnO. Langmuir- Hinshelwood kinetic model well describes the photodegradation capacity and the degradation of malachite green follows pseudo-first order kinetics.Photocatalytic studies reveal that PEG capping increases the degradation properties of ZnO while tungsten doping decreases the extent of PEG capping and has a detrimental effect on the degradation properties of ZnO. The prepared nanoparticles exhibit significant antibacterial properties against gram-positive Bacillus cereus and gram-negative Escherichia coli bacterial strains by agar well diffusion method. 2018 Elsevier B.V. -
Unveiling the Necropolitics of Oil on Migrant Bodies in Deepak Unnikrishnans Birds
Oil played a significant role in fuelling the sociopolitical and economic development of Middle Eastern nations, attracting mass migration from South Asian nations. The article draws a nexus between the energy dynamics and labour exploitation within these petroleum-rich nations. It undertakes a close reading of the text Birds from Deepak Unnikrishnans novel Temporary People as it depicts the lives of migrant labourers who navigate an exploitative petro-capitalist system. The fictional text employs a narrative strategy juxtaposing elements of magic and realism, opening up a space for multilayered marginalised voices. The article engages with energy theories and interweaves Mbembes theory on necropolitics to grasp oils sovereign influence in delineating the boundaries between life and death in migrant lives. The surplus energy generated through fossil fuel extraction contributes to notions of boundless growth, coupled with technical and economic progress, which conceals the intensive manual labour underpinning these petrocultures. The magical property alluded to oil and the spectral absence of labour in the socio-cultural imagination co-constructs an exploitative and dehumanising labour regime for migrants. The migrant body is kept alive, and their existence is contingent upon the instrumental value of their labouring body, which constructs them as easily disposable and expendable as they are positioned outside the formal boundaries of citizenship. 2024 South Asian University. -
The Champions Boat League A Race to Commercialise Festival Cultures
[No abstract available] -
Language and identity formations of second-generation migrants in Deepak Unnikrishnan's temporary people
Decades of migration to the Gulf nations have led to the existence of second-generation migrants who were born and raised in migrant lands. The chapter uses the novel Temporary People (2017) by Deepak Unnikrishnan as a primary text to explore the role language plays in second-generation migrant identity formations and the assimilation process. The national language, Arabic, is situated in the specific socio-political context, a site where ideologies and power relations are reproduced. By identifying a gap in the language education policy, it reveals how migrant's inability to communicate in the Arabic language has complex implications on their identities and notions of belongingness. The chapter explores language's power to naturalize norms and hierarchical structures within society that can hinder the assimilation process and highlights the migrant-citizen divide. It shows how notions of temporariness and Othering in migrants are inherent within the language politics of the land. The chapter reaffirms language-identity relations and points to revaluating migrant language policies. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Modelling and analysis of split parallel hybrid electric vehicle based on 14 degrees of freedom
The paper studies the scope, performs the modelling and validation for conversion of any Convetional Vehicle to a Split Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle. The introduction of a smart Energy Management System for sucha setup is also evaluated. The EMS enables load sharing between the IC Engine and the Traction motor based on the gradient of the road. The gradient analysis is performed using the GPS based road gradient database. For the accurate modelling and the dynamic analysis of the designed model the performance of the vehicles Degrees of Freedom (DoF) for the variation in steering angle is analyzed. 14 DoF parameters are considered and the designed vehicle is subjected to variation in steer angle followed by the analysis on the response of the DoF parameters. BEIESP. -
Fuzzy based Controller for Bi-Directional Power Flow Regulation for Integration of Electric Vehicles to PV based DC Micro-Grid
Utilization of Electric Vehicle as an auxiliary power source to a DC micro-grid for active power regulation is examined here. This paper focus on development of a Fuzzy based controller capable of regulating the bi-directional active power flow between a 10 kW DC Micro-grid and an Electric Vehicle. The system enables to balance the load on grid by performing peak shaving during peak hours and valley filling during off-peak hours. The load curve of Bangalore city for a typical day was taken as the reference and was used to implement the power flow control. The DC grid was designed for a 10 kW PV based micro-grid. The integrated DC micro-grid was simulated on MATLAB/Simulink platform and the obtained characteristics demonstrate that the power flow from grid to vehicle and vehicle to grid during the peak and off-peak periods respectively. The auxiliary battery pack was stressed only to 10.7 % of its 1C-rating leaving scopes for higher level power transmission possible between the systems. 2019 IEEE. -
Localization Method for Camera Networks in Surveillance System
The significance of prevention and mitigation of critical issues especially in the homeland security has been increasing day by day. Emergence of autonomous video analytics tools greatly helped in the prevention of security threats. The recognition of video analytics for anomaly detection based on a set of unsupervised approaches has many fundamental technical challenges. This entails autonomous object localization and tracking technique especially in the presence of occlusion. This paper focuses on deriving a solution for the object detection and tracking in a heterogeneous camera network. The object tracking method is mainly based on Kalman filter whereas frame difference algorithm is used for object localization. This detection and tracking solution is expected to significantly reduce the effect of occlusion while tracking the anomaly. The organisation of the thesis is done into various chapters. The first chapter contains an introduction to the video surveillance system and the need for an unsupervised approach. This chapter also states the objective of the research. The solution overview gives high level solution architecture of the proposed system. The second chapter focus on the literature overview in which the citation from different papers in the field of video analytics, Kalman filter implementation and camera configuration has been referred. Chapter 3 provides the methodology in which a brief introduction to the basic algorithms used in the solution, the Kalman filter and the frame difference algorithm, are discussed. This is followed by the solution architecture of the proposed system. Chapter 4 shows the Matlab implementation of the mentioned algorithms. In Chapter 5, the results of the implementation are discussed. Chapter 6 talks about the summary of the work done and conclusion. This chapter also includes the future enhancements suggested. -
Taylor series method in TDOA approach for indoor positioning system
Localisation technologies have always remained in the limelight of positioning-science as researchers have ever shown keen interest to know the exact positions of things. Ultrasonic sensors are mainly used for localisation of mobile robots since they provide high accuracy. This paper presents Taylor Series Method in Time Difference of Arrival approach using ultrasonic sensors.Signals are send from the sensors periodically. The time difference of arrival of signals from the ultrasonic sensors is used by the receiver unit to estimate the location of the mobile unit. The equations formed by using Time Difference of Approach are solved using Taylor Series Method. Taylor Series Method provides a more accurate result since they give less error compared to other methods and they ignore the measurement errors. 2019 Insitute of Advanced Engineeering and Science. All rights reserved. -
IoT Based Water Management Using HC-12 and Django
Water is one of the important needs for a human being. Life on Earth is possible due to the presence of water on its surface. Even though 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, the availability of water in certain areas is very less. So, the people in these areas must reserve water for ensuring a steady availability. These problems can be rectified with the help of Internet of Things (IOT). IOT is a global infrastructure with certain standards and communication protocols by which virtual and physical things can interact and exchange data by connecting to each other. In this paper, we propose a system for monitoring the availability of water, based on the water level in the storage system. Water level is measured with the help of a waterproof ultrasonic sensor and when the level reaches a threshold value, a notification is sent to the user or to the vendor to take the necessary action. The live feed data is sent to a relational database for storing and analyzing the data to predict when the water will run out, and to make sure that the water storage system gets refilled before that point of time. After processing the raw data from the sensors, the system can generate a fusion chart that can show or indicate the amount of water inside each storage system. With this, the user can have an idea of how much water is left in each of the storage system. The main aim of the proposed system is to showcase the functionalities and uses of different sensors and modules used in an IOT based system with the application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). In this present scenario, the world is filled with data both relevant and irrelevant, wherein the data for predicting a water crisis is less. So, through the proposed system we are generating a dataset for the prediction of a water crisis in an organization or a community. 2019 IEEE. -
Environmental sensors: Safeguarding the ecosystem by monitoring sanitary pad disposal
This chapter focuses on the applications of environmental sensors in general and their role in identifying and addressing the issues related to the improper disposal of sanitary pads, which is a growing concern. It also gives an overview of the pollutants associated with it, and the role that environmental sensors can play in mitigating this problem. By harnessing the power of advanced sensing technologies, we can gain a better understanding of the environmental impact of sanitary pad disposal and work towards sustainable solutions. This chapter aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for researchers and practitioners working to create a cleaner and healthier environment and generate self-awareness for individuals in safeguarding ecosystem. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
A novel scheme for energy enhancement in wireless sensor networks
Wireless sensor networks consists of a large amount of miniaturized battery-powered wireless networked sensors which are intended to function for years without any human intervention. Because of the large number of sensors and the restrictions on the environment of their deployment, replacing the components cannot be thought of. So the only viable way out is to efficiently use the available resources. Energy efficiency is a major matter of concern in such networks even though energy harvesting techniques exists. Recent times have shown a growing interest on understanding and developing new strategies of wireless sensor network routing especially focussing on the optimal use of the limited and constrained resources like energy, memory and processing capabilities. Routing have to be given due importance as it consumes major part of the energy compared to that of sensing and processing. Adopting the natures self organising system intelligence for the emerging technologies is quite interesting and has proved to be efficient. This article sheds some light on the existing bio inspired routing protocols and explains a new procedure with mobile sinks for energy efficient routing in wireless sensor networks. 2015 IEEE. -
Energy efficient routing protocols for wireless sensor networks
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained universal attention now a day s owing to the advancements made in the fields of information and communication technologies and the electronics field. This innovative sensing technology incorporate an immense number of sensor nodes or motes set up in newlinean area to perceive any continuously fluctuating physical phenomena. These newlinetiny sensor nodes sense and process the sensed data and transfer this information to a base station or sink via radio frequency (RF) channel. newlineThe small size of these sensors is an advantage as it can be easily embedded within any device or in any environment. This feature has attracted the use of WSNs in immense applications especially in monitoring and tracking; the most prominent being the surveillance applications. But this tiny size of sensor nodes restricts the resource capabilities. Usually the WSNs are installed in application areas where the human intervention is quite risky or difficult. The sensed information might be needed to take critical decisions in emergency applications. So maintaining the connectivity of the network is of utmost newlineimportance. The efficient use of the available resources to the maximum extend newlineis a necessity to prolong the network lifetime. If any node runs out of power, the newlineentire network connectivity collapses and intend of the deployment might become futile. Because of this reason most of the research in the area of WSNs has concentrated on energy efficiency where the design of energy efficient routing protocols plays a major role. newlineThis research work titled Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks proposes to develop energy efficient routing protocol strategies so as to enhance the lifetime of the WSNs. A thorough study of the existing literature serves as the back bone for attaining acquaintance concerning the pertinent scenario, the problems faced and the application of the WSNs. newlineThe use of clustering and sink mobility to enhance the energy utilisation is explored in this research. -
Energy efficient routing protocols for wireless sensor networks
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained universal attention now a day???s owing to the advancements made in the fields of information and communication technologies and the electronics field. This innovative sensing technology incorporate an immense number of sensor nodes or motes set up in an area to perceive any continuously fluctuating physical phenomena. These tiny sensor nodes sense and process the sensed data and transfer this information to a base station or sink via radio frequency (RF) channel. The small size of these sensors is an advantage as it can be easily embedded within any device or in any environment. This feature has attracted the use of WSNs in immense applications especially in monitoring and tracking; the most prominent being the surveillance applications. But this tiny size of sensor nodes restricts the resource capabilities. Usually the WSNs are installed in application areas where the human intervention is quite risky or difficult. The sensed information might be needed to take critical decisions in emergency applications. So maintaining the connectivity of the network is of utmost importance. The efficient use of the available resources to the maximum extend is a necessity to prolong the network lifetime. If any node runs out of power, the entire network connectivity collapses and intend of the deployment might become futile. Because of this reason most of the research in the area of WSNs has concentrated on energy efficiency where the design of energy efficient routing protocols plays a major role. This research work titled ???Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks??? proposes to develop energy efficient routing protocol strategies so as to enhance the lifetime of the WSNs. A thorough study of the existing literature serves as the back bone for attaining acquaintance concerning the pertinent scenario, the problems faced and the application of the WSNs. The use of clustering and sink mobility to enhance the energy utilisation is explored in this research. A modification of the most traditional energy efficient routing protocol for WSNs, LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is implemented initially by modifying the clustering mechanism. An enhancement of it by incorporating sink mobility, to further augment the energy efficiency is executed next. A modification of HEED (Hybrid Energy Efficient Distributed Clustering Hierarchy) protocol using the unequal clustering technique is also proposed. The modified protocols are simulated using MATLAB under different circumstances by varying the number of sensor nodes and the area of deployment. These modified protocols are intended for delay tolerant applications that require periodic sensing. The performance of the modified protocols is evaluated using metrics like residual energy of the network, packet delivery ratio, energy consumed by the network, delay, and the number of live nodes. The simulation outcomes showcased the effectiveness of the modified protocols compared to the relevant existing protocols in literature. -
A novel model for speech to text conversion /
International Refered Journal of Engineering And Science, Vol-3 (1), pp. 39-41,ISSN-2319-183X. -
Artificial Intelligence-Based Approaches for Anticipating Financial Market Index Trends
The stock market is an essential component of the world economy and significantly impacts how different countries handle their finances. Predicting stock prices has gained popularity recently since it can offer traders, investors, and policymakers useful information. Making informed financial decisions, lowering risk, and maximizing returns can all be facilitated by accurate stock price projections. Stock price prediction is a current research subject due to improvements in machine learning (ML) techniques, and several methodologies have been put forth in the literature. To increase the accuracy of stock price prediction, one method combines the feature extraction ability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the classification strength of support vector machines (SVMs). CNNs are a subclass of neural networks that have excelled in voice and picture recognition. They can be taught to extract valuable features from the supplied data automatically. Contrarily, SVMs are a well-liked machine learning (ML) technique that has been applied for regression and classification tasks. 2024 Sachi Nandan Mohanty, Preethi Nanjundan and Tejaswini Kar. -
Optimizing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks using python libraries
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely utilized in various fields, including environmental monitoring, healthcare, and industrial automation. Optimizing energy consumption is one of the most challenging aspects of WSNs due to the limited capacity of the batteries that power the sensors. This chapter explores using Python libraries to optimize the energy consumption of WSNs. In WSNs, various nodes, including sensor, relay, and sink nodes, are introduced. How Python libraries such as NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-Learn, and Matplotlib can be used to optimize energy consumption is discussed. Techniques for optimizing energy consumption, such as data aggregation, duty cycling, and power management, are also presented. By employing these techniques and Python libraries, the energy consumption of WSNs can be drastically decreased, thereby extending battery life and boosting performance. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.