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A Review on Recent Scheduling Algorithms in the Cloud Environment
Cloud users and service providers are the leading players in the cloud computing environment. This environment comprises data centers, hosts, agents and virtual machines. The cloud users application of varied loads is leased on the providers resources. Scientific applications are large-scale complex workflow problems that demand more computing power. The cloud fulfills the workflow requirements of huge availability and increased computational power. One of the most crucial issues of cloud computing is scheduling tasks for the systems effective functioning. This paper reviews several existing task-scheduling techniques based on diverse metrics. This work will help the investigators to gain a better understanding of task scheduling techniques. In order to boost an algorithms performance, a few strategies are offered. 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved. -
ESSA Scheduling Algorithm for Optimizing Budget-Constrained Workflows
Workflows are a systematic approach for defining various scientific applications of distributed systems. They break down complicated, data-intensive processes into minor activities that can be executed serially or in parallel according to the type of application. Cloud systems need to allocate resources and schedule workflows efficiently. Despite many studies on job scheduling and resource provisioning, an efficient solution isn't found. Therefore, techniques are required to enhance resource utilization for optimal cloud computing platforms. Hence, user and provider quality of service (QoS) goals, like shortening workflows and ensuring budget limits with low energy utilization, must be considered. Enhanced Salp Swarm Optimization (ESSA) is designed to optimize makespan and QoS metrics in cloud systems. A Virtual Machine (VM's) compute capacity is related to Central Processing Unit (CPU) and memory. Size and memory demand is considered for tasks in the workflow, and task execution time is evaluated using both CPU and memory. The collated experimental outcomes convey that the newly presented technique boosts the workflows' energy utilization (up to 89%) and pushes the normalized makespan results to 3.2ms. 2022 IEEE. -
An Energy-aware Dynamic Scheduling Algorithm for Optimizing Workflows Under Budget-constraints
The provision of cloud computing offers an untapping scalability and elasticity which is best suited for the execution of user tasks and complicated scientific workflows. Regardless, the big problem of workflow scheduling under a user-specified budget still prevails as a result of the task inter-dependencies and the resource diversity. This research proposes a hybrid Energy-Aware Enhanced Salp Swarm Algorithm (EA-ESSA), designed to dynamically schedule tasks while adhering to user-specified budget constraints. This technique supports dynamic scheduling using task duplication in idle time spots and integrates APIs for real-time spot pricing. This proposed technique also minimizes makespan and energy consumption by improving resource utilization. The algorithm's performance was exhaustively experimented with using both simulated workloads and actual HPC2N datasets. The simulation results show significant advancements in the makespan, resource utilization and energy consumption compared to existing algorithms like ACO, GA, PSO, and MOTSWAO. This research benefits cloud environments comprising complex, unpredictable workflows by cutting environmental effects and shrinking processing expenses. 2025, Innovative Information Science and Technology Research Group. All rights reserved. -
Dynamic Scheduling of Scientific Workflows with Budget-Constraints in the Cloud
This research presents a novel approach to dynamic scheduling in cloud computing environments, directing on budget-constrained workflows and towards optimizing makespan, Quality of Service (QoS) metrics, and energy efficiency. Exploiting the Task Duplication Scheduling Algorithm (TDSA) and Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) which is influenced by the motion patterns of marine life forms, the proposed Enhanced Salp Swarm Algorithm (ESSA) algorithm dynamically assigns tasks to cloud resources while bearing budget curbs. The algorithm seeks to reduce makespan, guaranteeing efficient completion of workflows, at the same time boosting the QoS metric resource utilization. Moreover, the incorporation of energy-efficient scheduling techniques further donates to the sustainability of cloud environment operations. By constructing a mathematical representation which captures the trade-off between makespan, resource utilization, and budget constraints, the mechanism productively balances competing objectives to reach optimal scheduling outcomes. Through substantial experimentation with 5 Scientific Workflows, the success and efficiency of the suggested methodology are assessed, exhibiting its potential to significantly improve the performance of budget-restricted workflow in cloud environments while boosting workflows makespan (up to 9%) and improving asset usage (up to 5%) and energy efficiency (up to 10.5%). This research presents to advancing the latest in dynamic scheduling techniques for cloud environment, benefitting practical solutions for real-world deployment and operation. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Recent trends in hierarchical electrode materials in supercapacitor: Synthesis, electrochemical measurements, performance and their charge-storage mechanism
Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that getting significant research interest among global researchers due to their features such as high specific capacitance, quick charge/discharge, high power density, prolonged cycle life, and safety that contribute to applications in portable electronic devices. Electrode materials are key constituents of supercapacitors and they control their electrochemical performances. There are various structures of electrode materials have been developed for supercapacitors such as core-shell structures, hetero-structures, and hierarchical structures. Among the structures, hierarchical electrode materials (HEMs) are low-cost, easy to synthesize, have high surface area, high active sites, and high electrochemical performances. Thus, this review focuses on the recent synthesis of hierarchical-type electrode materials, electrochemical setup, and characterization, analyses three- and two-electrode system performances in the use of supercapacitors, and charge-storage mechanisms, and summarizes critical viewpoints for future research. The performance of HEMs-based supercapacitors is shown to be high when compared to a single type of electrode. In supercapacitors, porous carbons, metal-organic frameworks, and transition metal sulfides-based HEMs have exceptional electrochemical capabilities across all parameters, including specific capacitance, cycle stability, energy density, and capacitance retention, as found in this review. This review may be helpful to the primary researchers who are working on the preparation and measurement of HEMs for supercapacitor applications. Further, the hierarchical structure-based electrode material is promising for future research in advanced supercapacitor research and could be of interest in technology transfer. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
DMD Based Multi-Object Spectrograph for INdian Spectroscopic and Imaging Space Telescope: INSIST
INdian Spectroscopic and Imaging Space Telescope (INSIST) is the next-generation UV-Optical space mission proposed by the Indian Astronomical community motivated by the great success of India's first multi-wavelength Astronomical satellite (ASTROSAT) where Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) was one of the main payload launched in 2015 by Indian Space Research Organisation. INSIST is primarily designed for photometry observation in three bands (g-[400nm-550nm], u-[300nm-400nm] and UV-[150nm-300nm]) simultaneously over 0.25 sq.degree field of view. INSIST is equipped with a low resolution [R?500] spectrograph for multi-Object slitless spectroscopy over the imaging field of view and also has a medium resolution [R?2000] spectrograph for multi-object slit spectroscopy in UV-band over ?6 sq.arcmin sky. MEMS-based Digital Micromirror Device [DMD] is used to form configurable slits for the selection of objects at the focal plane of the telescope for multi-object slit spectrograph. Multi-Object spectrograph with DMD as a re-configurable slit for INSIST is designed and the performance of the spectrograph is presented. 2023 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Indian spectroscopic and imaging space telescope (INSIST): An optics design trade-off study
Large ground and space-based surveys in optical and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths will revolutionize astronomy in the coming decade. Unfortunately, no ultraviolet (UV) facilities are planned to complement these surveys, which is crucial for studying the most active phase of the Universe that includes star formation in galaxies, active galactic nuclei (AGN), galaxy clusters, etc. A dedicated UV mission, the Indian Spectroscopic and Imaging Space Telescope (INSIST), is proposed to observe the UV sky. The compelling science objectives defined a set of high-level mission requirements. According to which, the INSIST is to have a wide field-of-view (FoV ? 0.25 square degree) comparable to Indias Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) and about two orders of magnitude larger than that of the Hubble Space Telescope, simultaneous imaging of the FoV in UV (150300nm), u (300400nm) and g (400550nm) bands, a Multi-Object-Slit medium resolution spectroscopy in a narrow FoV in UV and a simultaneous slitless spectroscopic capability in UV and u bands. To achieve these requirements, several optical design configurations were explored. Here, we present an optical design trade study conducted on various optical design configurations to achieve a sensitivity limit of mAB> 26 mag, in the UV band and a spatial resolution better than 0.2 ? , using a 1-m size telescope aperture. We also present results from our fabrication and alignment tolerance analysis of the selected optical designs, and the design performance that meets the design requirements. Critical parameters like the encircled energy concentration, point spread function (its stability over the field), effects of the spiders supporting the secondary, etc., are explored during the design phase. Based on the trade study conducted in reference to various performance matrices, we down-selected the most optimal optical design for the INSIST. 2023, Indian Academy of Sciences. -
DMD-based Multi-Object Spectrograph (D-MOS): AIV and first light results
A Digital Micromirror Device (DMD)-based Multi-Object Spectrograph (D-MOS) with an integrated imager has been developed. The optical performance of the MOS is evaluated through comprehensive laboratory calibration and on-sky observations using the 1.3-meter J.C. Bhattacharya (JCB) Telescope at the Vainu Bappu Observatory (VBO). The system is designed to assess the viability of using a DMD as a programmable slit mechanism for future ultraviolet-optical space missions. A complete imager-cum-spectrograph assembly was constructed using off-the-shelf optical components and configured for operation in the optical band, employing a DLP9500 DMD with a 19201080 micromirror array. Calibration experiments established the DMD-to-detector coordinate mapping and validated the strategies for object selection and slit placement. On-sky tests in crowded stellar fields confirmed successful slit targeting, precise object alignment, and multiplexed spectral acquisition. The spectrograph achieved a peak efficiency of 32%, a spectral resolving power of R1000 at 6000 a multiplexing capability of up to 46 slits (extendable to 85), and a contrast ratio of 6000. These results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the DMD MOS system under real observational conditions and raise its TRL level for use in next-generation spectroscopic space missions. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025. -
Psychological distress and quality of community life among migratory construction workers in India
Objectives: The objectives of this study are to elicit sociodemographic details, assess the level of psychological distress, and measure the quality of community life (QoCL) of migratory construction workers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional research design and survey method of sampling was followed. The semi-structured interview schedule, self-reporting questionnaire, and QoCL scale were used as measures for the study. Results: Out of 75 respondents, 37 (49.3%) did not have formal education, 38 (50.7%) have migrated for less than a month duration, 33 (44.0%) respondents migrated with their families. The mean age of respondents was 32.03 9.82 years. About 48 (64.0%) were identified as potential respondents for psychosocial care and female respondents (M = 12.90 4.03, t = ?3.03, P < 0.003) have higher distress than males (M = 9.50 4.56, t = ?3.03, P < 0.003) ones. Overall, QoCL indicated a below moderate (59.08 8.31) level. Conclusion: The distress was high and QoCL indicated a below moderate level. Intersectoral and community mental health services were required to enhance QoCL and reduce distress among migratory construction workers. 2023 Published by Scientific Scholar on behalf of Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice. -
Green Purchase Intention: Understanding the Role of Environmental Beliefs, Health Consciousness and Perceived Behavioural Control; [Intenci de compra ecolica: comprensi do papel das crenzas medioambientais, a conciencia sanitaria e o control conductual percibido]
Consumer awareness of environmental issues has steadily increased, with environmental values significantly shaping purchase intentions. Essential to environmental sustainability are ecological packaging and ecological products. This study examines the impact of green product knowledge and green packaging on environmental beliefs, health consciousness, perceived behavioural control and consumer purchase intention, focusing on Visakhapatnam (India). A quantitative survey was conducted using purposive sampling, targeting individuals who are familiar with green products. Data from 306 respondents were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and AMOS. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to validate the conceptual framework. The results indicate that green product knowledge, environmental beliefs, health consciousness, and perceived behavioural control have an impact on green purchase intention, whereas green packaging does not. These findings emphasise the importance of psychological and informative factors for shaping environmentally friendly consumer behaviour. This study contributes to the existing literature on sustainable consumer behaviour, especially related to green fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). It provides practical insight to marketers, decision-makers, and environmentalists who aim to promote environmentally friendly FMCG products. Additionally, focusing on significant psychological and behavioural factors allows for designing strategies that help the environment and improve public health. University of Santiago de Compostela. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) ) License -
Environmental and innovational dynamics for sustainable competitiveness in the manufacturing industry
This research examines how environmental management system, recycling, eco-innovation, and open innovation effect sustainable competitive advantage in the Indian manufacturing sector in New Delhi. This quantitative research was carried out using a questionnaire-based approach, where 583 participants responded using the PLS-SEM method via Smart-PLS 4. the results of this paper indicate that environmental management systems mediate the relationship between recycling and Eco-Innovation. Furthermore, external sources of information and open innovation show significant relations to eco-innovation, which, in turn, contributes highly to sustainable competitive advantage. The paper's originality is to illustrate the mediating effect of environmental management system within the recycling-innovation nexus and further provide empirical evidence that eco-innovation is an important causal factor for long-term competitive advantage. Therefore, businesses that practice eco-innovation are well-placed to comply with regulations and market demands concerning greener products, thereby achieving a strategic advantage. 2025 -
Climate change and water insecurity: Who bears the brunt? (A case of Yelenahalli Village, Bengaluru)
Rapid urbanisation and neglect towards traditional water bodies have aggravated water security issues in isolated pockets. In the recent past, they have also manifested into natural disasters in major urban centres such as Bengaluru (Bangalore), Mumbai, Chennai and Hyderabad. An examination of the problem is essential to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal on water security laid down by the United Nations in the context of climate change. This paper explores the various socio-economic costs of water scarcity through a case study of Yelenahalli village in Bengaluru. The study's preliminary results find that the encroachment of water bodies has led to a significant cost to households and local governments. Water scarcity is found to have a differential impact on poor and non-poor households in terms of access and the resultant water consumption due to the prevalence of price discrimination in the private water markets. The disparity in access to water is exacerbated despite the government's commencement of piped water supply due to worsening climate conditions and falling groundwater levels. The Author(s), 2023. All rights reserved. -
A Psychoanalytical Deconstruction of Surpanakha in Kavita Kane's Lanka's Princess
This paper endeavours to examine the character Surpanakha in Kavita Kane's novel Lanka's Princess. It attempts to critically follow her struggle in the androcentric space with the trapping of being a female. Breaking down her identity as a daughter, sister, wife and more specifically, as an individual, it tracks down the formulation of her own self-perception in order to reinterpret her femininity. Through the psychoanalytical lenses, this work also critically analyses her 'repression, rage and revenge' by connecting the dots in her journey that shape her personality. The giving of voice to the 'unvoiced' through revisionist myth making in the novel and the evolution of 'Surpanakha' from 'Meenakshi' due to her experiences in the oppressive and suffocating environment is the focal point of the paper. Keywords 2021 Copyright 2021 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. -
ChatGPT in education: Augmenting learning experience or dehumanizing education?
This chapter critically examines the potential of ChatGPT, an AI language model, to revolutionise education. It presents a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using ChatGPT in education, including its ability to enhance the learning experience and the potential loss of essential skills due to over-reliance on technology. The chapter also raises ethical concerns about using ChatGPT in education, including data privacy and bias. Ultimately, the chapter concludes that ChatGPT should be used with human teachers to create a learning environment combining technology and human interaction. It highlights the importance of using ChatGPT responsibly to enhance, rather than dehumanise, education. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Cultural Immersion and Experiential Learning in Sustainability Education
The present chapter explores the role of immersive learning in strengthening sustainability education in different contexts, spanning cultural, neurocognitive, and technological dimensions. It draws from experiential and transformative learning theories and also from frameworks such as ESD and SEFT. It examines the relationship between cognition, empathy, and intercultural competence, and how focused immersive methods can reshape them. Relevant global case studies have been included to highlight diverse forms of engagement like micro- immersion, reverse immersion, and sonic- sensory approaches. By engaging with interdisciplinary insights, it has been argued that immersive learning indeed promotes glocal thinking and environmental stewardship. Technologies like VR and AI- driven storytelling have also been examined not only for their potential but also for the need to balance innovation with inclusivity. Finally, the chapter calls for culturally grounded, critically reflective education models as essential pathways toward building sustainable and empathetic futures. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Levelling Up Language Skills:Gamified Elements for Language Learning
This chapter explores the interesting and challenging world of gamified language learning.It focuses on how game mechanics and design principles can be utilised to transform language acquisition into an engaging and effective experience.It examines the benefits of gamification and specific game elements suitable for language learning.After exploring leading language learning platforms and applications, it provides practical strategies for educators and language learning platforms to effectively implement these elements to create immersive and motivating experiences for learners.Finally, it addresses the challenges in gamifying language learning and discusses the prospects of language learning, including the potential integration of AI-enhanced gamification to further enhance the learning experience. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing.All rights reserved. -
Levelling Up Language Skills:Gamified Elements for Language Learning
This chapter explores the interesting and challenging world of gamified language learning.It focuses on how game mechanics and design principles can be utilised to transform language acquisition into an engaging and effective experience.It examines the benefits of gamification and specific game elements suitable for language learning.After exploring leading language learning platforms and applications, it provides practical strategies for educators and language learning platforms to effectively implement these elements to create immersive and motivating experiences for learners.Finally, it addresses the challenges in gamifying language learning and discusses the prospects of language learning, including the potential integration of AI-enhanced gamification to further enhance the learning experience. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing.All rights reserved. -
PORTRAYAL OF POLITICAL STEREOTYPES IN BOLLYWOOD MOVIES
Bollywood movies have a stereotypical way of depicting politics and politician, corruption and bureaucracy. There has been repetition in the way themes have been portrayed. Love, loyalty, patriotism, pain, glamour, difference between rich and poor and also politics/politicians. These stereotypes have been kept aside in very few films but the general notion of the character is more or less the same. The 1980s had a league of movies that portrayed politicians as the villain and police as the hero in the films. It is this stereotyping of power, politics, corruption and politicians that the researcher would like to analyse and find a common link in the characterization and pasteurization of the same. This dissertation will analyse three films Raanjhanaa, Paa and Sarkar. It is this cinema showcasing politics is mostly a negative light. It unlike Hollywood has not glorified the deeds of the good doings of politicians instead always shown the dirt, filth and negative side of politics linking it to the underworld. This paper will try and find similar links/ traits to the portrayal and study it in detail. -
Perceived organizational support, employee engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour among knowledge workers of R&D organization
The reflections of professional life hold an imperative value for an employee. The I/O relationship depends upon myriads of factors. For the sustainability of individual and organization, the internal organization in which the employee operates should provide nurturance and growth to the employee. This study examined perceived organizational support as an antecedent of employee engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour as it`s consequence. The present study employs an ex-post facto research design. 300 knowledge workers (scientists) were assessed on work and organizational engagement, perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behaviour. Results indicated that perceived organizational support emerged as a significant predictor of work and organizational engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour emerged as a significant consequence of employee engagement. For mediation analysis Baron and Kenny`s (1986) framework was employed and observed that employee engagement partially mediated the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behaviour. 2021 Ecological Society of India. All rights reserved. -
Echoes of Conflict: Unveiling the Interconnected Tapestry of Russia-Ukraine Warfare, Oil Price Ballet, and the Asian Stock Symphony
The purpose of this research is to look into the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on the relationship between oil prices and the Asian stock market. While earlier studies have investigated the impact of oil prices on stock markets, there has been little research into the impact of crude oil prices on the Asian stock market in the context of the Russia-Ukraine war. For this purpose, the data is collected from NSE and Bloomberg database the study's findings imply that the Russia-Ukraine war has had a major impact on the relationship between crude oil prices and stock market indices in numerous Asia-Pacific countries. The study suffers from a few limitations such as it only examines the relationship between crude oil prices and stock market indices but there are other macroeconomic factors, such as interest rates, inflation, and political instabil ity which also affect the market. 2024, ASERS Publishing House. All rights reserved.