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Lipase-catalyzed resolution of 1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]hex-5-en-3-ol: Synthesis of (-)-centrolobine
A practical and efficient method for the preparation of homoallylic alcohol and its successful enzymatic resolution has been developed. This lipase-catalyzed resolution process has been optimized with respect to different lipases and solvents. Moreover, Mitsunobu strategy has been applied to recover the unwanted isomer. Further optically enriched homoallylic alcohol has been employed for the synthesis of (-)-centrolobine. 2017, Chemical Publishing Co. All rights reserved. -
A catalytic, one-pot and green synthesis of a-amino nitriles: Cu(BF4)2.x H2O an efficient catalyst
The Strecker reaction is a first reported multicomponent reaction for the preparation of a-aminonitriles. The a-aminonitriles are important intermediates for various aminoacids, 1,2-diazines, heterocycles and biologically active compounds like Saframycin A and Ecteinascidin 746. The preparation of a-aminonitriles by Strecker approach using MCR attracted many research groups owing atom economy to avoid multistep synthesis and to follow Green chemistry principles. Methods: A-aminonitriles have been synthesized using Strecker reaction by treatment of aldehydes, amines, with TMSCN in the presence of Cu(BF4)2.xH2O as a catalyst in one pot under neat conditions. Various aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes have been studied with different primary and secondary amines. Results: The reaction condition has been optimized by choosing a model reaction under various solvents and found good yields under neat conditions. Moreover, various catalytic amounts of Cu(BF4)2.xH2O has also been studied and found 3 mole% providing better yields. The reaction has been studied with different substrates of aldehydes and amines. Some of the products were characterized by comparison of their spectral data (1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and MS) and physical properties with those of authentic samples reported in the literature. Conclusion: Afacile and efficient one-pot synthesis of a-amino nitriles at ambient temperature using copper(II)tetrafluoroborate as a novel catalyst under solvent-free conditions via Strecker reaction is reported. The process is simple and environmentally benign using the commercially available and inexpensive catalyst. 2017 Bentham Science Publishers. -
Synthetic Approaches of Prelactone and Its Analogues: A Review
In this review we have discussed the synthetic approaches of prelactones and their epimers from 1997 to date. The presence of unique molecular architecture and its high biological importance enhanced the research activity over the last two decades. Most of the syntheses involve either a chiral auxiliary, chiral pool or catalytic enantioselective approaches as a key step. Overall this review highlights the contribution from different research groups in the total synthesis of various prelactones. 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH -
Synthetic Approaches to Diospongins: A Two Decade Journey
Tetrahydropyran units having multiple stereogenic centers serve as excellent building blocks for various active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). In particular, the presence of the unique molecular architecture of the trisubstituted tetrahydropyran (THP) unit in diospongins enhances their biological activity due to multiple stereogenic centers and has attracted attention from the synthetic community over the last two decades. In this review, we discuss synthetic approaches to chiral and racemic forms of diospongins during the period 2006 2020 in chronological order. 2022 by the authors. -
Desymmetrisation of meso-2,4-Dimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]-oct-6-ene-3-ol and its Application in Natural Product Syntheses
The compounds containing chiral centers and different functional groups serve as magnificent building blocks for the preparation of various natural products that are having immense biological activity. Dimethyl-8-oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-ol is one of the wonderful synthons to construct multiple stereo centers at a time during the asymmetric synthesis. In this account, we discuss our research efforts toward the synthesis of various simple and complex natural products from the past three decades (19952020) by using dimethyl-8-oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-ol as a synthon. Moreover, the synthetic utility of this starting material was investigated and well demonstrated. Further, we executed the desymmetrization of dimethyl-8-oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-ol by hydroboration to get different chiral centers. After obtaining the stereocenters, we could manage either the fragment, formal or total synthesis of natural products, by simple protection and deprotection sequence followed by C?C bond formation steps. 2021 The Chemical Society of Japan & Wiley-VCH GmbH -
A Journey toward the Syntheses of ?-Amino-?-hydroxybutyric Acid (GABOB) and Carnitine
In this review, we discuss the synthetic approaches to ?-amino-?-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB) and carnitine from 1980 to date. The unique structure and biological importance of these molecules have created much interest in various synthetic approaches over the last four decades by organic chemists from across the world. Most of the syntheses are asymmetric methods that involved chiral pool, enantioselective synthesis, enzyme resolution, or a chiral auxiliary as a source of chirality, and the biological significance of the molecules was also discussed. The compiled synthetic methods may fill the existence gap, simplify the complexity involved in the synthesis, and allow the best synthetic route to be found by comparison of all the methods. However, this review also will be useful to prepare similar kind of scaffolds present in various complex natural products. 2021 American Chemical Society -
A review on synthetic approaches towards kavalactones
Kavalactones are classes of ?-pyrone and 5,6-dihydropyrone derivatives showing various biological activities, and numerous approaches have been reported for the preparation of these molecules. In this review, we discuss the different synthetic approaches towards these naturally occurring lactones, in both racemic and enantiomerically pure forms, that have been reported in the literature to date. It is hoped that this review will assist researchers in the development of additional and efficient synthetic routes towards kavalactones. 1 Introduction 2 Synthetic Approaches for the Preparation of Kavalactones 3 Conclusion. 2021. Thieme. -
Biogenic Carboxymethyl Cellulose and L-Histidine Coated Barium Peroxide Nanocomposite: A Tri-Functional Platform Targeting Antimicrobial Resistance, Cancer, and Oxidative Stress
The study addresses the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents in combating multidrug-resistant pathogens, cancer, and oxidative stress-related diseases. Barium peroxide (BaO2) nanoparticles and its novel nanocomposite, carboxymethyl cellulose and L-histidine coated BaO2 (BaO2-CMC-LH) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their antibacterial, anticancer, and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Structural and functional characterizations were carried out using various analytical techniques. Biological evaluations demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Candida albicans (C. albicans), with BaO2-CMC-LH exhibiting superior inhibition zones compared to BaO2. For MRSA, the zone of inhibition (ZOI) for BaO2 is about 9 mm, whereas the BaO2-CMC-LH nanocomposite exhibits a substantially larger ZOI of 21 mm. Likewise, for C. albicans, BaO2 presents a ZOI of 12 mm, and BaO2-CMC-LH exhibits a greater inhibition zone of 18 mm. Cytotoxicity analysis against osteosarcoma MG-63 cells revealed significantly improved anticancer activity, with BaO2-CMC-LH achieving an IC?? value of 28.6 ?g/mL compared to 53.3 ?g/mL for BaO2. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay showed that the BaO2-CMC-LH nanocomposite (78.45%) had activity compared to BaO2 alone (64.43%). These findings underscore the synergistic effects of the CMC-LH matrix in enhancing BaO2's biological activities, positioning BaO2-CMC-LH as a promising multifunctional therapeutic agent for addressing global health challenges. 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
One-pot sustainable synthesis of novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones and their evaluation for antitubercular and anticancer activity
A novel green protocol for the construction of diversified pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones was accomplished by a single-pot reaction of aryl aldehydes, Meldrum's acid, thiobarbituric acid, and ammonium acetate/aniline in H2O using ?-proline as an expeditious reusable catalyst at room temperature (26 C). Our strategy provides an innovative synthetic avenue for the construction of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones, as well as several advantages over traditional methods, including a simple procedure, shorter reaction duration, excellent yields, safe handling, easy workup, catalyst recovery, and environmental compatibility. Furthermore, the synthesised compounds were tested for their impact on different cell lines and microorganisms. Compounds 5d and 5e were particularly effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (antitubercular), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), lung cancer cells (A549 and NCI-H460), and both Gram-positive (S. pyogenes) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria. The derivatives with hydroxyl and nitro substitutions [5e, 5f] showed the highest potency against MCF-7, A549, and NCI-H460 cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.684.36, 3.823.41, and 11.3412.28 g/mL, respectively. 2024 The Author(s) -
(Mes-Acr-Me)+ClO4 Catalyzed Visible Light-Supported, One-Pot Green Synthesis of 1,8-Naphthyridine-3-Carbonitriles
Abstract: A novel, four-component one-pot green synthesis of biologically active 1,8-naphthyridines by a reaction of diverse aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, 4-hydroxy substituted 1,6-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one, corresponding aniline in EtOH catalyzed by 9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate [(Mes-Acr-Me)+ClO4] under visible light generated from a 24W Blue LED wavelength 450460nm at 26C is reported. In contrast with the reported procedure, our methodology is diverse, versatile and has several favourable factors such as metal-free, excellent yields, shorter reaction durations, chromatography free and straightforward extraction process. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. -
White LED Light-Mediated Eosin Y-Photocatalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Novel 1,2,4-Triazol-3-Amines By Sequential Addition
Abstract: A facile and proficient, eco-friendly multicomponent synthesis of 12 novel biologically essential 1,2,4-triazol-3-amines via the sequential addition of substituted phenacyl bromide, aromatic aldehyde, hydrazinecarbothioamide, and urea under white LED with eosin Y as a photocatalyst has been developed. The intrinsic advantages are methodology is cost-effective, non-toxic, generates a high yield of product, is column chromatography free and does not need the use of a specific instrument. Surprisingly, our methodology uses moderate conditions and can count the tolerance of a wide variety of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. The analysis and early conclusions give more value and context for the future development of organic synthesis using photocatalysts. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. -
Green synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic potential of 2-(Thiophen-2-ylmethylene)malononitrile: Insights into molecular interactions with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
A novel bioactive molecule, 2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)malononitrile, was synthesized via a green chemistry approach using thiophene-2-carbaldehyde and malononitrile under sonication in ethanol. The compound was characterized by UV-visible, H NMR, C NMR, HR-MS spectroscopy, and single-crystal XRD techniques, confirming its structural integrity. Computational studies revealed its chemical reactivity, including molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Mulliken charges, and frontier molecular orbitals (FMO). At the same time, time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) highlighted key electronic transitions across diverse solvents. Advanced analyses, such as Hirshfeld surface mapping and electron localization functions, identified critical intermolecular interactions involving H?N, N?H, and C?H contacts. Molecular docking with Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2, PDB ID: 6 2j) revealed strong binding affinity, further supported by molecular dynamics simulations demonstrating complex stability through RMSD, Rg, SASA, and hydrogen bond evaluations. The compound's anti-inflammatory potential was validated in vivo using a carrageenan-induced paw oedema model in rats, showing comparable efficacy to standard drugs. This study highlights the sustainable synthesis and therapeutic promise of 2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)malononitrile for pharmaceutical applications. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Pyrazole Derivative Containing Naphthalene Moiety: Cytotoxocity (Breast and Cervical Cancer), Antibacterial and Antifungal Studies Using Experimental and Theoretical Tools
In the present study, the title compound is named 4-((5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)(6-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one was synthesized, and its antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic activity was studied by both experimental and in silico methods. The molecular structure was optimized using DFT/B3LYP method with cc-pVDZ as a besis set, and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) studies was used to explain the physiochemical properties of that molecule by the energy of interacting orbitals. NBO describes the intra delocalization of electrons in the molecule, which support the stability of that molecule. Noncovalent interaction (NCI) explains the nonbond interactions present in the molecule. Drug-likeness property of 405 C have been checked by absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) assay, result shown all the drug-likeness properties in red color region, so we have confirmed this molecule as a drug. 405 C undergoes antibiotic activity against P. aeruginosa organism, antifungal activity against B. cinerea and cytotoxicity activity against MCF-7 and HeLa cell when compared to standard drugs. 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
An insight into the superior performance of ZnO@PEG nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles under ultrasound
The investigation presents a straightforward synthesis of fifteen 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles using ZnO@PEG nanocatalyst in ethanol via Multicomponent approach under the influence of ultrasound. The present methodology successively tolerates a variety of functional groups and offers several advantages such as excellent yields without chromatographic purification, milder reaction conditions, shorter reaction times, and the use of an environmentally benign reusable catalyst. Ecstatically, the reaction was successfully scaled to gram level ascertaining the wider applicability of ZnO@PEG nanoparticles in multicomponent reactions. 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Synthesis of 1, 8-Naphthyridine-3-Carbonitriles under solvent-free conditions using ceric ammonium nitrate
1,8-naphthyridines are synthesized using a four-component, one-pot approach. This method includes the reaction of aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, 1,6-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one, substituted aniline in a solvent-free condition catalyzed by Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN). Contrary to the reported literature, this distinct method houses several promising factors to the same degree as solvent-free reaction conditions, shorter reaction duration, excellent yields, and a straightforward extraction process. 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
One-pot sustainable synthesis of novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones and their evaluation for antitubercular and anticancer activity
A novel green protocol for the construction of diversified pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones was accomplished by a single-pot reaction of aryl aldehydes, Meldrum's acid, thiobarbituric acid, and ammonium acetate/aniline in H2O using ?-proline as an expeditious reusable catalyst at room temperature (26 C). Our strategy provides an innovative synthetic avenue for the construction of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinones, as well as several advantages over traditional methods, including a simple procedure, shorter reaction duration, excellent yields, safe handling, easy workup, catalyst recovery, and environmental compatibility. Furthermore, the synthesised compounds were tested for their impact on different cell lines and microorganisms. Compounds 5d and 5e were particularly effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (antitubercular), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), lung cancer cells (A549 and NCI-H460), and both Gram-positive (S. pyogenes) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria. The derivatives with hydroxyl and nitro substitutions [5e, 5f] showed the highest potency against MCF-7, A549, and NCI-H460 cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.684.36, 3.823.41, and 11.3412.28 g/mL, respectively. 2024 The Author(s) -
(Mes-Acr-Me)+ClO4 Catalyzed Visible Light-Supported, One-Pot Green Synthesis of 1,8-Naphthyridine-3-Carbonitriles
Abstract: A novel, four-component one-pot green synthesis of biologically active 1,8-naphthyridines by a reaction of diverse aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, 4-hydroxy substituted 1,6-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one, corresponding aniline in EtOH catalyzed by 9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate [(Mes-Acr-Me)+ClO4] under visible light generated from a 24W Blue LED wavelength 450460nm at 26C is reported. In contrast with the reported procedure, our methodology is diverse, versatile and has several favourable factors such as metal-free, excellent yields, shorter reaction durations, chromatography free and straightforward extraction process. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
White LED Light-Mediated Eosin Y-Photocatalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Novel 1,2,4-Triazol-3-Amines By Sequential Addition
Abstract: A facile and proficient, eco-friendly multicomponent synthesis of 12 novel biologically essential 1,2,4-triazol-3-amines via the sequential addition of substituted phenacyl bromide, aromatic aldehyde, hydrazinecarbothioamide, and urea under white LED with eosin Y as a photocatalyst has been developed. The intrinsic advantages are methodology is cost-effective, non-toxic, generates a high yield of product, is column chromatography free and does not need the use of a specific instrument. Surprisingly, our methodology uses moderate conditions and can count the tolerance of a wide variety of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. The analysis and early conclusions give more value and context for the future development of organic synthesis using photocatalysts. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Yttrium(III) oxide catalyzed facile synthesis of novel hydrazinyl thiazoles by multicomponent approach
A facile and a one-pot procedure for the synthesis of novel hydrazinyl thiazoles by the cyclo condensation reaction between substituted phenacyl bromides, aromatic aldehydes, and semicarbazides using Yttrium(III) oxide as reusable catalyst under acetic acid as a solvent medium is described. The chromatography-free methodology has several benefits such as being facile, atom economic, higher functional group tolerance and provides excellent yield in shorter reaction time. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS (ESI) analysis. 2021 -
Nano ZnO@PEG catalyzed one-pot green synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d] pyrimidines in ethanol via one-pot multicomponent approach
A facile one-pot multicomponent protocol for the synthesis of bio-active Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives by a one- step condensation reaction of substituted aldehyde, malononitrile/methyl cyanoacetate, barbituric acid has been demonstrated using nano ZnO@PEG as a catalyst at room temperature. The present approach offers several advantages, such as shorter reaction time, higher yields, and environmental friendliness. Easy isolation of products, absence of column chromatographic purification, use of commercially available low-cost starting materials and reusability of the catalyst make the methodology viable in organic synthesis. 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Second International Symposium ''Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academy - Industry Meet''.