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Sustainable environment protection and waste management in higher education institutions: A case study
Sustainable environment protection and waste management are global concerns that major cities are grappling with, and it is the most important environmental factor that higher educational institutions in India are considering right now. "Parivarthana, "-the recycling unit of the Centre for Social Action at Christ University, Bengaluru, is evolved as a paradigm for all higher education institutions in terms of long-term environmental protection through waste management and the efforts of student volunteers. The student volunteers have been successful in sensitizing all members of the University to the importance of environmental conservation, and there is rising evidence of accountability among all members regarding waste management. The basic sense of social responsibility of student volunteers toward environmental sustainability is the primary focus of this chapter. Student volunteers who have a higher sense of social responsibility have a better attitude toward their studies, which leads to higher academic accomplishment and a desire to take action to address environmental challenges. Their environmental awareness, climate change, the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, efficient use of natural resources, waste management, and sustainable consumerism have served as an example for students of other higher educational institutions. A qualitative method with a case study approach was applied for this research with In-depth interviews with all stakeholders of the unit. The objectives include the participants' understanding of the prevailing process of waste management in the unit, the relation between waste management and Climate change, and the role of the student volunteers and other stakeholders of the Higher Educational Institutions in bringing a model to Sustainable Development and Global Climate Change. 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Sustainable IoT for smart environmental control
The network of physical items/things/objects, that are implanted with sensors, software, and other networking technologies to communicate and exchange data with other devices and systems through the internet, is referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT). Environmental control in the context of IoT systems refers to the use of connected devices and sensors to manage and regulate various aspects of the environment, such as temperature, lighting, air quality, water quality, and more. The goal is to create an intelligent environment that is more efficient, comfortable, and sustainable. 2023, IGI Global. -
Sustainable luxury tourism: Promises and perils
Recent decades have witnessed a rising concern regarding the prosperity of the environment and utilisation of resources. A sustainable approach is being promoted in all sectors. In the field of tourism, sustainable tourism is widely discussed among researchers and practitioners. On the other hand, luxury tourism is criticised for lavish resource utilisation to serve the few luxury tourists. There is a need to include sustainability in luxury tourism to benefit the environment, local communities, tourist destination and luxury tourists. However, sustainable luxury tourism is an emerging concept and needs more investigation. This chapter attempts to present the existing knowledge about sustainable luxury tourism by implementing a systematic literature review. Further, the opportunities and challenges associated with sustainable luxury tourism are being highlighted. This study has identified the factors that need to be considered to promote sustainable luxury tourism. Moreover, suggestions of the researchers are being presented to serve as guidelines. This study includes an example of the Diphlu river lodge, which has practised sustainable luxury tourism for many years. The viewpoint of luxury tourists are being understood by analysing the reviews of tourists from TripAdvisor using NVIVO-12 qualitative data analysis software. The combination of literature review and practical information provides insight into sustainable luxury tourism. 2022 by Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved. -
Sustainable marketing in e-commerce: Strategies for environmental impact reduction
In this chapter, the authors examine the significance of sustainable marketing and business practices for e-commerce companies in reducing their environmental impact and contributing to a more sustainable future. It emphasizes the importance of implementing sustainable strategies, such as adopting eco-friendly packaging, minimizing energy consumption, and partnering with sustainable suppliers, to enhance consumer trust and credibility. It addresses the challenges associated with sustainable marketing and recommends effectively promoting sustainable products and services. They suggest practices such as explicit communication about sustainability efforts, obtaining sustainability certifications, and showcasing sustainability initiatives to convey the company's commitment to sustainability. It emphasizes the importance of adopting sustainable marketing and business practices in e-commerce. By implementing these strategies, companies can reduce their environmental footprint, gain consumer trust, and contribute to achieving sustainability in the business world. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Sustainable materials for urban streets: trends, challenges, and case studies
Urban planners face a growing need for efficient, smart, and sustainable projects. One of the dynamic urban elements of cities is its streets, which accommodate the majority of the public realm. This study aims to identify sustainable materials that are employed in the construction of urban streets and analyze the potential for other sustainable materials in future street design. We conduct a thorough literature review through case studies and identify sustainable materials currently in use in the construction of urban streets across the world. This study focuses on existing and potential sustainable materials for urban streets suitable for Qatar. Hence, the objectives of this study are: (1) to identify sustainable materials in the construction of urban streets; (2) to analyze challenges to using sustainable materials in making urban streets more sustainable; (3) comparative analysis of the case studies. The study concludes with sustainable urban street design guidelines derived from Qatar. 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. -
Sustainable practices in Indian aviation
Air travel produces about three percent of carbon dioxide emissions worldwide. The air travel industry requires an enduring vision that focuses on sustainable practices in the entire aviation sector, which will be a significant aspect of the future of civil aviation. The study adopts a systematic review to portray significant challenges, issues, and best practices in the worldwide aviation industry, highlighting the Indian scenario to establish future exploration in India. The chapter extensively investigates the latest sustainable developments in the airline business, the logical agreement on its ecological effects, and steps taken for sustainability. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Sustainable resource allocation in higher education
Higher education is crucial in moulding individuals and societies for a better future. This chapter examines vital aspects such as resource allocation, faculty development, student support, research and innovation, mental health, STEM education, attitude formation, and quality assurance. Effective administration requires sustainable resource allocation and faculty development to enhance instruction quality. Incorporating technology and mindfulness enrich students' experiences. Mental health support is vital for student well-being. Emphasizing STEM, life skills, and a positive mindset equips students for an evolving job market. Quality assurance ensures consistent education. Resolving these challenges allows higher education institutions to shape the future positively. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Sustainable Waste Management and Womens Empowerment
Waste management is a problem faced by major cities. Rural migration to urban areas created unplanned residential areas and high population density, and temporary living structures have a direct impact on poor waste management systems in urban areas. From September 2020 until February 2021, a case study was conducted (the first lockdown period of the COVID-19 Pandemic) among women members from an urban slum in Bangalore with objectives to understand the prevalent process of waste management and comprehend the association between womens empowerment and sustainable waste management in a slum community. The purposive sampling technique was applied to select 10 women members of the slum community for this community-based participatory research as co-researchers from the slum community, along with all stakeholders. The results show that the women members could implement the immediate plans on waste management, including educating their neighbours on waste management, to ensure that a large part of the society they are living in is aware of it. The women members demonstrated their motivation and willingness in their actions in the slum neighbourhood concerning sustainable waste management. They applied their participatory activities to empower other women in the area by focussing on every stretch of the slum and educating on the management of waste. All the actions by the women members in the urban slum community and the stakeholders of waste management in that community intend to support the quality of life and strengthen the resilience to climate change through sustainable waste-management and are reflected in SDG 3, SDG 5, SDG 11, and SDG 13. 2024 CRC Press. -
Sustaining livelihoods and culture through tourism development: The case of sriniketan in West Bengal, India
The rural area of Sriniketan in West Bengal, India is full of cultural embodiments that can not only serve as a base to develop tourism but also generate sustainable livelihoods. However, the Sriniketan region suffers from chronic poverty and its unique culture is getting depleted thanks to the lack of awareness and interest among locals. With the help of the DFID Sustainable Livelihood Framework (DFID-SLF), this study tries to analyse the contributions that culture-based tourism can make towards generating sustainable livelihoods at Sriniketan. A modified SLF has been prepared with an added element of cultural capital as a contribution to the existing livelihood literature and guiding sheet for future practitioners. Based on the primary (in-depth interviews of fifteen households and five key respondents) and secondary data collected, this paper concludes that tourism development in Sriniketan can not only aid its cultural preservation but also generate an alternate source of livelihood and thereby, making both (culture and livelihoods) sustainable 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Sustaining Sustainable: Investigating the Full Spectrum of Food Waste, from Production Through Consumption to Disposal
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explore the primary factors that contribute to food waste. Additionally, it creates practical strategies to cope with food waste and encourages to perform sustainable practices to improve the environment. Additionally, the study presents an analytical framework for supply chain problems as well as the methods that are environmentally friendly. Methodology: The research begins by defining how sustainable development should be incorporated in the hospitality sector and by briefly outlining its attributes. Next, it discusses the expanding interest in supply chain management and outlines an overview of the breadth of academic research on sustainability in the literature related to the hotel industry. Findings: The paper examines the enormous ecological and economic effects of food waste, including how it contributes to the adverse global warming, the dwindling of natural resources, and also the loss of worthwhile financial investments. Additionally, it highlights the social effects of food wastage, such as how it contributes to gaps in access to nourishing foods and food insecurity. Research Limitations: It attempts to shed light on the scope of food loss, identify major contributing variables, and suggest methods to reduce food loss along the whole supply chain through an examination of current literature and data. Practical Implication: The practical application of this research is to offer evidence-based insights and practical recommendations to policymakers, organizations, and people with an aim to decrease food waste and enhance the effectiveness of the food system. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Symbiotic cyanobacteria in gymnosperms
Cyanobacteria are a widespread group of phototrophic bacteria that are morphologically diverse and present on almost every environment on earth. Many cyanobacteria are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen and thus are able to form symbiotic association with a wide range of eukaryotic hosts such as plants, fungi, sponges, and protists. Cyanobacteria are able to provide carbon to nonphotosynthetic hosts such as fungi, but their primary role is to supply fixed nitrogen to enable the host to flourish in nitrogen poor environments. In turn, cyanobionts get the benefits of protection from competition, predation, and environmental extremes. Of all the cyanobacterial symbiotic associations, this chapter focuses on understanding the symbiotic association between gymnosperm and cyanobacteria. Species belonging to phylum cycadophyta are associated with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria (Nostoc species) through small specialized roots called coralloid roots. The cyanobionts are expected to have a heterotrophic mode of carbon nutrition, due to their location in coralloid roots (complete darkness). 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Synergistic effect of bio-nanocarbon embedded polymer nanocomposite and its applications
For applications involving sustainable materials, bio-nanocarbon was examined as a material to improve the properties of fiber-reinforced nanobiocomposite. A thorough investigation has been conducted using nano biocarbon as a filler and reinforcing material. However, the composite's inferior mechanical, physical, and thermal properties are a result of a poor fiber-matrix interface. As a result, in this study, biocarbon nanoparticles were created and used as functional components to enhance the properties of polymeric composite materials. To emphasize the scientific and technological issues that need to be resolved in order to create artificial composites with bio-inspired structures, recent studies of bio-inspired nano-carbon composites are discussed in this study. These include the production techniques for resolving the nanocarbon dispersion problem and creating bio-inspired structures, as well as the microstructure and composite characteristics characterization. In order to reveal natural design principles and serve as a resource for future research, bio-inspired composites and their applications are thoroughly examined and explained. 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. -
Synergizing Humanity and Technology: A Human-Machine Collaboration for Business Sustainability in Industry 5.0
In the context of Industry 5.0, this paper emphasizes the crucial role of human-machine collaboration for sustainable business practices. It explores the need for a people-centric approach, recognizing the significance of the human workforce alongside advanced technologies. The study investigates three influential theoriesActor-Network Theory (ANT), Activity Theory, and Socio-Technical Systems Theory (STS)proposing a novel Socio-Technical Interaction Network (STIN) model that synthesizes their strengths. The STIN model views systems as intricate networks of diverse actors, both human and non-human, acknowledging their agency and interactions within socio-technical environments. By incorporating elements from each theory, it prioritizes contextual analysis, considering socio-cultural and environmental influences on human-technology interactions. The STIN model aims to provide a holistic lens for interdisciplinary research and guide the design of technology-infused systems aligned with human needs and societal contexts. In conclusion, human-machine collaboration is deemed not just a technological necessity but a strategic imperative for organizations striving for long-term sustainability in Industry 5.0, fostering adaptability, innovation, and sustainable practices. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Synthesis and catalytic applications of metal boride ceramics
Metal borides belong to the class of high-temperature ceramics and have conventionally been used for high-temperature applications. However, in the past few decades, new variants of metal borides have emerged, with high catalytic capabilities. Owing to their tuneable structural, compositional, and morphological properties, metal borides have huge potential for industrially relevant catalytic applications. This chapter compiles the existing knowledge on the ever-expanding family of metal borides. Various synthesis strategies that are commonly adopted for the fabrication of metal borides, both in crystalline and amorphous/nanocrystalline forms, are discussed in detail. The chapter also aims to explain the origin of catalysis in metal borides. Some of the most prominent catalytic applications of metal borides are vividly discussed in this chapter. At the end of this chapter, a brief outlook is provided for future research initiatives with metal borides. 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Synthesis and physico-chemical characterization of ZnS-based green semiconductor: A review
One-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanostructures have been attracting a great deal of attention because of their excellent electronic and optoelectronic performance. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanostructures have attracted increasing attention because of their potential application in both conditional optical devices and new generation of green nanostructure semiconductors because of their special structure-related physical and chemical properties. Synthetic form of ZnS can be transparent, and it is used as a window for visible optics, infrared optics, and functional materials. In this chapter, the detailed studies of synthesis, characterization of crystals, and noncrystalline behavior is reported. The crystal structure of semiconductor and its morphological studies are compared and fabrication methods will be described. The major parameters that influence on ZnS doped with metal ions and rare earth ions and its optoelectronic properties will be carefully analyzed. In addition, the primary application of ZnS micro- and nanocrystals will be described. At the end, the predicted future applications and development directions of doped and undoped ZnS nanocrystals will be given. 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Synthesis methods of chitosan nanoparticles: A review
Biopolymeric nanoparticles are found to be very effective in potential applications in different fields, especially in biomedical field. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) are one of those kind of nanoparticle with great research potential owing to its nontoxicity, biodegradability, and high permeability. The extraction of chitosan biopolymer and the production of CSNPs are both vibrant research areas. Emulsification, complexing, phase inversion etc. are the conventional synthesis methods; new synthesis methods are being developed to overcome the disadvantages of traditional approaches. Here we provide a glimpse into the methodological and mechanistic underpinnings of the synthesis methods of CSNPs. This chapter provides a complete overview of the synthesis methods used for the production of CSNPs, their benefits, drawbacks, and obstacles, as well as their future prospects. 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Synthesis of nanocarbon-polyaniline composite and investigation of its optical and electrical properties
The polyaniline-nanocarbon (PANI-NC) composite was synthesized by in situ polymerization of the aniline monomer (PBC-A&B) with reduced carbon from bituminous coal (RBC). The X-ray analysis confirmed the formation of the polyaniline-graphene oxide composite. The XRD result shows that the stacking height of the PBC-A increased due to the attachment of nitrogen group to the carbon lattice. The result of CHNS confirmed the increase in composition of nitrogen in PBC-A due to the treatment of RBC with aniline to form the polymer-nanocarbon composite. Optical analysis by UV absorption spectra revealed that the band gap is in the range of 3.29-4.27 eV. The AC conductivity, dielectric permittivity, and dielectric loss of the composite are measured within a frequency response of 10 Hz to 1 MHz. It is observed that one can tailor the band gap of the PANI-GO composite by varying the concentration of reduced carbon from coal. 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Synthesis, Characterization of Chromium Oxide Powders and Coatings
The chromium oxide powders are transformed into plasma sprayable particles by using synthetic polymers for agglomeration. In order to carry out the agglomeration process, spray drying technique was employed. This research work highlights the significance of the process variables that control the synthesis of plasma spray powder and consequently, the properties that were suited for plasma sprayoating. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) was used to characterize the elemental composition, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyse the morphology and powder grain sizes and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the phase structure. And for the development of coatings on the substrates, Atmospheric plasma spray (APS) technique was used. The plasma sprayable powders were created with the intention of investigating for use as corrosion-resistant coatings. 2023 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, All Rights Reserved. -
Synthesis, characterization, magnetic, thermal and electrochemical studies of Oxovanadium(IV) Complex of 2-thiophenecarba benzhydrazone
The hydrazone ligand obtained from 2-thiophene carboxaldehyde and benzhydrazide react with an equimolar mixture of vanadyl acetyl acetonate in methanol to yield oxovanadium(IV) complex of 2-thiophenecarba benzhydrazone. The prepared compound shows effective solubility in organic solvents like acetonitrile, DMF and DMSO. Molar conductivity data of oxovanadium( IV) complex of 2-thiophenecarba benzhydrazone revealed its nonelectrolytic behavior in DMF and DMSO. EPR spectra of 2-thiophenecarba benzhydrazonato oxovanadium(IV) was recorded in DMF at LNT and g and A values were calculated. The complex was proposed to be square pyramidal in geometry. Cyclic voltammograms of the complex in DMF were studied by changing the scan rates 50, 100, and 200 mV/s. ? E values of the complex showed the reversible criterion and ipc/ipa values which were close to 1 indicating the redox couple as reversible. Thermograms of the complex were recorded to find the weight loss at different temperature ranges. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectra showed mass number of the molecular ions. 2018 River Publishers. -
Synthesis, Structure, and Physical Properties of Bulk MoS2
With the discovery of graphene by Novoselov and Geim in 2004, two-dimensional (2D) materials have been extensively researched due to their bizarre promise in the fields of electronics, optics, medical, mechanics, energy conversion, and storage. Especially, 2D-layered materials consisting of atomic sheets stacked together by weak van der Waal forces have received intriguing research interest in recent years. Cutting-edge 2D materials being investigated by researchers include 2D oxides (V2O5, MoO3, LixCoO2), topological insulators (Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3, HfBr), nitrides (h-BN, MoN, Ti4N3Tx, W2N, V2N), carbides (Ti3C2, Ta4AlC3), and transition-metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2). Research has proved that these materials could counterpart graphene in a variety of fields and applications. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.