Browse Items (5511 total)
Sort by:
-
Generation of Dynamic Table Using Magic Square to Enhance the Security for the ASCII CODE Using RSA
The efficiency of any cryptosystem not only depends on the speed of the encryption and decryption processes but also on its ability to produce different ciphertexts for the same plaintext. RSA, the public key cryptosystem, is the most famous and widely accepted cryptosystem, but it has some security vulnerabilities because it produces the same ciphertext for identical plaintexts occurring in several places. To enhance the security of RSA, magic square-based encoding models have been proposed in the literature. Although magic square-based encoding models have been proposed, they are static. Thus, this paper introduces a dynamic-based magic square with RSA, where encryption and decryption are performed using numbers generated from the magic square instead of ASCII values. Unlike the static magic square, the proposed dynamic magic square allows users to specify the starting and ending numbers in any position rather than fixed positions. In the proposed dynamic magic square generation, different 4 4 magic square templates are created, and 16 16 magic squares are generated from them. Experimental results clearly demonstrate the improved security of RSA. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Genetic and cytogenetic screening of autistic spectrum disorder: Genotype-phenotype profiles
Autism, a pervasive developmental disorder typically characterized by repetitive behaviour, social skills deficit (or a deficit in social communication), speech and language impairments. Our prime focus is to analyze the clinical features and phenotypical behavioural changes using the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision (DSM IV-TR), and locating the biomarkers associated with specific autistic characters using karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. The prevalence rate of the neurexin 1 (NRXN1) gene polymorphism was also assessed in the current study. The study group involved 196 samples with 98 autistics, and equal age-matched (2) controls based on their birth order and carrier. The participants include 35.2% males (n = 69) and 14.8% females (n = 29). The autistic and control participants were categorized based on their ages as group I (<12 yrs) with n = 62; males n = 41 (20.9%); females n = 21 (10.7%) and group II (?12 yrs)-n = 36; males n = 28 (14.2%); females n = 08 (4.08%). Karyotyping was done for autism participants (n = 98) and the results showed that 90% of autistic participants were either the only child or the first child with a low perception and frequency in both the groups. Subsequently, we carried out the FISH assay on participants (n = 37) with higher DSM-IV TR score (?30). Only 30 FISH tests were negative for subtelomeric deletions with NRXN1 polymorphism genotypic frequency as 62.50%, 25% and 25% for A/A, A/G and G/G genotype respectively. Our study suggests the link between a haplotype with clinical signs of autism for the single nucleotide sequence (SNP rs9636391) and links autistic characters and gene among autistic children according to their birth order, age and gender in India. 2021 Elsevier B.V. -
Genetic correlates of the development of theta event related oscillationsin adolescents and young adults
The developmental trajectories of theta band (47Hz) event-related oscillations (EROs), a key neurophysiological constituent of the P3 response, were assessed in 2170 adolescents and young adults ages 12 to 25. The theta EROs occurring in the P3 response, important indicators of neurocognitive function, were elicited during the evaluation of task-relevant target stimuli in visual and auditory oddball tasks. Associations between the theta EROs and genotypic variants of 4 KCNJ6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found to vary with age, sex, scalp location, and task modality. Three of the four KCNJ6 SNPs studied here were found to be significantly associated with the same theta EROs in adults in a previous family genome wide association study. Since measures of the P3 response have been found to be a useful endophenotypes for the study of a number of clinical and behavioral disorders, studies of genetic effects on its development in adolescents and young adults may illuminate neurophysiological factors contributing to the onset of these conditions. 2016 Elsevier B.V. -
Genotoxic repercussion of high-intensity radiation (x-rays) on hospital radiographers
Recent technological advances in the medical field have increased the plausibility of exposing humans to high-intensity wavelength radiations like x-rays and gamma rays while diagnosing or treating specific medical maladies. These radiations induce nucleotide changes and chromosomal alterations in the exposed population, intentionally or accidentally. A radiological investigation is regularly used in identifying the disease, especially by the technicians working in intensive care units. The current study observes the genetic damages like chromosomal abnormalities (CA) in clinicians who are occupationally exposed to high-intensity radiations (x-rays) at their workplaces using universal cytogenetic tools like micronucleus assay (MN), sister chromatid exchange and comet assay. The study was conducted between 100 exposed practitioners from the abdominal scanning, chest scanning, cranial and orthopedic or bone scanning department and age-matched healthy controls. We observed a slightly higher rate of MN and CA (p <.05) in orthopedic and chest department practitioners than in other departments concerning increasing age and duration of exposure at work. Our results emphasize taking extra precautionary measures in clinical and hospital radiation laboratories to protect the practitioners. 2022 The Authors. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Environmental Mutagen Society. -
Genuine handwriting variations in 10 years: a pilot study
Background: The present study aims to examine the extent of variation in genuine handwriting characteristics across 10years. One hundred samples (one admitted handwriting and three exemplars) were collected from 25 subjects (male and female, age ranging from 30 to 55) using purposive sampling technique. The admitted handwriting sample included documents like notebooks, wills, diaries, and record books that had been written 10years earlier, and 3 exemplars with the same information, written now in a similar kind of material. Both individual and class characteristics were analyzed in admitted as well as three exemplars which includes size of letters, slant, i-dot, t-bar (diacritics), humped letters (m, n, h), and formation of rounded letters (o, a, d, b, g, p, q). Results: Cohens kappa showed that there is a significant agreement between admitted and exemplars in the characteristics except for size. Conclusion: The results imply that once an adult has acquired a particular handwriting pattern, the master pattern of each letter, as well as both class and individual characteristics, remain unchanged. The size of the letters may change across age. 2019, The Author(s). -
Geo-spatial crime analysis using newsfeed data in indian context
Social media is the platforms where users communicate, interact, share ideas, career interest, pictures, video, etc. Social media gives an opportunity to analyze the human behavior. Crime analysis using data from social media such as Newsfeeds, Facebook, Twitter, etc., is becoming one of the emerging areas of research for law enforcement organizations across the world. The intelligence gathered through data is used for identifying future attacks and plan for reinforcements. This article focuses on the implementation of textual data analytics by collecting the data from different newsfeeds and provides an optimized visualization. This article establishes a framework for better prediction of 16 types of crime in India and the Bangalore area by providing the coordinates of the crime area, along with the crime which might happen there. 2019, IGI Global. -
Geo-spatial crime density attribution using optimized machine learning algorithms
Law enforcement agencies use various crime analysis tools. A large amount of crime data has enabled crime analysis. In this paper, the proposed research methodology uses Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) in a Geographical Information System (GIS) to analyze crime-type data. Bangalore and India newsfeeds are considered for experimental purposes. The paper introduces an optimized KDE machine learning algorithm that detects hotspots, estimates a locations crime rate, and identifies point pattern lows and highs. As a result of the experiment, the proposed methodology identified that the bandwidth of the Geographical information system influences the visualization of crime density. The paper also aids in visually determining the appropriate bandwidth for the problem using an optimized KDE algorithm. We had identified a significant correlation between Newsfeed data and Official Government data, both overall Crime and by crime type. The proposed KDE model achieved a predictive performance of 77.49%. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Computer Applications and Management. -
Geographical and Gender Disparities in Financial Inclusion Diffusion in India
Financial inclusion is providing an opportunity to use essential banking and financial services to the less-privileged people and their businesses in order to accomplish an inclusive society and the inclusive economy. The efforts of policy makers towards achieving financial inclusion in India yielded fruitful results. Numbers of savings accounts, numbers of credit accounts, numbers of deposits, numbers of ATMs, and loan distribution to the micro and small enterprises have significantly improved in recent times. This study intends to provide answer to the question raised by examining the penetration of financial inclusion area wise, region wise and based on gender. This study has employed descriptive research design and has used secondary data for analysis. The study has found that there are geographical and gender disparities in financial inclusion penetration and financial inclusion penetration varies in terms of gender as well in India. Indian Institute of Finance. -
Geometry of generalized Ricci-type solitons on a class of Riemannian manifolds
In this paper, the notion of generalized Ricci-type soliton is introduced and its geometrical relevance on Riemannian CR-manifold is established. Particularly, it is shown that a Riemannian CR-manifold is Einstein when its metric is a generalized Ricci-type soliton. Next, it has been proved that a Riemannian CR-manifold is Einstein-like, when its metric is a generalized gradient Ricci-type almost soliton (or generalized Ricci-type almost soliton for which the soliton vector field is collinear to the CR-vector field). Finally, we present an example of generalized Ricci-type solitons which illustrate our results. 2022 Elsevier B.V. -
Geopolymer concrete paving blocks made with Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) aggregates towards sustainable urban mobility development
Policy makers in India have realized the importance of facility for pedestrians and non- motorized vehicles in an urban infrastructure setup. This has resulted in increased utilization of construction materials like Portland cement and crushed stone, which are not environmentally friendly and sustainable. The current study presents the development of paver blocks for pedestrian facility using different wastes. Geopolymer concrete was synthesized by fly ash and recycled asphalt pavement aggregates for making of paver blocks. Paver blocks were produced in laboratory with recycled asphalt pavement aggregate replacement levels of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% by weight of virgin coarse and fine aggregates. The developed paver blocks were tested for dimensions and tolerances, water absorption, compressive strength and abrasion resistance as per IS15658:2006 standard. The results of the laboratory study show that recycled asphalt pavement aggregates can be introduced into geopolymer matrix to produce paver blocks of desirable quality. Furthermore, its use in pedestrian facilities provides a new avenue for managing the excessive waste, which otherwise goes in landfills, incurring loss to the paving industry. Therefore, the proposed method can help decision makers to effectively utilize recycled asphalt pavement in paving industry with environment-friendly approach. 2020 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. -
Geospatial crime analysis to determine crime density using kernel density estimation for the indian context
Crime is the most common social problem faced in a developing country. Crime affects the reputation of a nation and the quality of life of its citizens. Crime also affects the economy of the country, increasing the financial burden of the government due to the need for expenditure in the police force and judicial system. Various initiatives are taken by law enforcement to reduce the crime rate. One such initiative, real-time accurate crime predictions can help reduce the occurrence of crime. In this paper, a crime analytics platform is developed, which processes newsfeed data analysis for different types of crimes and identify crime hotspots using Kernel Density Estimation method. This system enables criminologists to understand the hidden relationships between crime and geographical locations. Interactive visualization features are available that enable law enforcement agencies to predict crime. 2020 American Scientific Publishers. -
Geraniol and Citral as potential therapeutic agents targeting the HSP90 activity: An in silico and experimental approach
Lemongrass essential oil has antifungal and anti-cancerous properties. Heat-shock protein (HSP90), an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone found in eukaryotes, is involved in protein folding, stability, and disease, making it a promising research topic. Both in silico and in vitro approaches were used to provide a clear insight into the HSP90-ATPase 3D structures, activity, and their interaction with the essential oil constituents among various species such as fungi (S. cerevisiae), parasites (P. falciparum), and humans. For in silico studies, sequence alignment, docking (AutoDock), and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties were evaluated to obtain hit compounds specifically against each HSP90-ATPase. The hit compounds obtained were evaluated for their efficacy in the in vitro studies of S. cerevisiae. In vitro studies were carried out targeting HSP90-ATPases via lemongrass essential oil components individually and in combination as a function of concentration and various salt concentrations. Results suggest that sequence alignment exists of over 75% among these three species. The best docking score was possessed by Geraniol and its constituent (geldanamycin ? ?4.93 kcal/mol) (a known antifungal and antitumor against HSP90) in all the above species. Lemongrass oil and the combination of Geraniol and Citral at concentrations of 80 ?g/mL showed the maximum inhibition of ATPase and HSP90-ATPase activity compared to their individual treatment. Therefore, both in silico and in vitro studies provide clear evidence of specific inhibitory action of lemongrass oil, Geraniol, and Citral against the ATPase and HSP90ATPase activities and might show potential as antifungal and antitumor drugs. 2021 -
Getting Back to Work: Cognitive-Communicative Predictors for Work Re-entry Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Return to work following a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is affected by deficits across the cognitive, psycho-social and physical domains. The specific role of cognitive -communicative abilities influencing work re-entry is understudied. This study aimed at identifying the cognitive-communicative predictors for work re-entry following TBI. Thirty patients with TBI employed pre morbidly were categorized into two groups- 14 employed and 16 unemployed post TBI. Those having sustained mild, moderate or severe head injury and in the post injury period of 648months were recruited and majority belonged to skilled/ professional type of premorbid occupational status. They underwent a detailed assessment of cognition, language and communication using NIMHANS Neuropsychology Battery, Indian adapted versions of Western Aphasia Battery and La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ) respectively. Patients employed post TBI had better Aphasia Quotient (AQ) and better performance on all the cognitive domains and few domains of LCQ than those who remained unemployed. On step-wise Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), injury severity and AQ could significantly differentiate between the two groups with an overall accuracy of 80%. Severity of head injury is a significant predictor for employability post TBI and evaluation of language along with cognitive abilities is crucial for patients with TBI for work re-entry. The study highlights the importance of a multi-disciplinary team in the assessment and management of cognitive-communication impairments following a TBI. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited. -
Getting Rid of Organizational Complacency in a Dynamic Environment
This case investigates the external consultants organizational diagnosis aimed at understanding the imperative for change within Infotics Solutions. It explores various concepts, including the nature of planned change and the resistance exhibited by employees. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of a comprehensive organizational diagnosis before embarking on the change process, highlighting the pitfalls of relying solely on a leaders intuition and experience to initiate change. Furthermore, the case underlines the implementation of human resource management interventions and their significance from both employee and organizational standpoints. It addresses the protagonists recognition of the need for external consultants expertise to grasp the problem and devise a strategic change process. The consultants methodical approach to planning change across different themes to achieve organizational objectives is elucidated, featuring the importance of employing the right diagnosis technique in situations where the problem is unclear. The case also showcases the consultants analytical approach to problem-solving, offering specific solutions tailored to the organizations needs. Ultimately, it illustrates the challenges faced by organizations that lean heavily on past successes and struggle to adapt to evolving environmental demands. Lastly, the case highlights the importance of analysing survey results and implementing theme-based interventions to address the issues confronting the organization and its employees at Infotics Solutions. 2024 Lahore University of Management Sciences. -
Glancing angle sputter deposited tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films for electrochromic applications
The columnar growth angle-dependent tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films were grown by using the Glancing angle sputter deposition (GLAD) technique with varying different substrate angles (00, 700, 750, and 800) on Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and Corning glass (CG) corning glass substrates at room temperature. The surface morphology, crystallographic structure, optical, and electrochemical properties were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UltravioletVisible(UVVis) spectrometer, and electrochemical analyzer, respectively. The structural properties reveal that the films are amorphous in nature. FE-SEM studies observed the columnar growth of the nano-rods and surface porosity. The optical transmittance of the deposited films was decreased from 83 to 78%, and the optical bandgap decreased from 3.08 to 2.88eV with increasing GLAD angle. The electrochemical studies reveal that the GLAD angle influenced the coloration efficiency (CE). The highest CE of 32cm2/C at 600nm and highest Diffusion coefficient (DC) of 6.529 109 cm2s?1 of the films was observed for the films deposited at an angle of 750. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature. -
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE GOVERNANCE: A RETHINKING
The decades of increased Green House Gas (GHG) emissions have increased global average temperature to 1.1 degrees over pre-industrial levels. In order to hold the global average temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius and, if possible, 1.5 degree Celsius, the governments signed various treaties. However, countries? collective agreements to reduce their emissions were never kept. This study outlines why the method of mitigating global climate change has failed. The main problem was the inability to enforce goals and timelines. Ideas for even tighter emission limits will be ineffective unless they solve the enforcement gap. Trade restrictions are one method, but they introduce significant complications, particularly when used to enforce economy-wide carbon reduction agreements. The applied methodology is qualitative. This study proposes a novel strategy to unpack the climate challenge, targeting various gasses and industries with various instruments. It also illustrates how failing to address the climate problem fundamentally would generate incentives for various solutions, offering new problems for climate change governance. 2023, Institute for Research and European Studies. All rights reserved. -
Global iPhone Local Labour: Exploring ICT Production, Labour and Cultural Production
A theory of value pertinent to the contemporary iPhone era focuses on formal and informal labour circuits. This study extends this framework by examining a labour dispute in an iPhone factory near Bangalore, delving into its dissemination through media and the broader critical political economy surrounding the recent iPhone production in India. Furthermore, it incorporates a geographical perspective into the circuit framework to illustrate the movement of capital and labour in Bangalore, rekindling discussions on coreperiphery dynamics in the context of capital and labour migration. Further, this research builds upon the typography of worker-generated content by illustrating a specific category of such content within the iPhone labour dispute. Utilising a critical political economy of media approach, this article aims to assess the broader implications of the updated framework and to open new avenues for research within the emerging field of information communication technologies, cultural production and labour. 2024 South Asian University. -
Global Peace in Virtual World-Dispute Settlement Through on Line Resolution
SPC ERA International Journal of Business and Management, Vol-2 (3), pp. 1-3. ISSN-2347-9647 -
GLOBAL POVERTY AND HUMAN SECURITY: A VASUDHAIVA KU?U?BAKA? PERSPECTIVE
Poverty has been a persistent issue throughout human history, affecting societies worldwide. In the major industrialized nations, social welfare policies served as the primary approach to poverty alleviation until the late 20th century. In 1994, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) introduced a human-centred sustainable development model, emphasizing human security as a means to eradicate poverty and other forms of insecurity. Despite these efforts, data from the World Bank and other international organizations indicate that a significant portion of the global population remains impoverished, highlighting the ongoing need for development and inclusivity. The ancient Indian concept of vasudhaiva ku?u?baka?, which promotes open-mindedness, interconnectedness, brotherhood, and fairness, offers a universal vision rooted in a family model. Interpreted in a contemporary context, vasudhaiva ku?u?baka? presents a global perspective that resonates with the principles of human security. Integrating this concept with the human security framework holds the potential to address global poverty and promote the universality of human rights. This article seeks to reconstruct the human security paradigm through the perspective of vasudhaiva ku?u?baka? in order to eradicate poverty and promote global well-being. 2024 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
Globalisation and carbon dioxide emissions inequality in OECD countries
Economic growth has been crucial in contributing to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the Industrial Revolution, and it affects CO2 emissions heterogeneously with different income levels. Therefore, studying the role of economic growth on inequality in carbon emissions is imperative. This paper analyses the determinants of CO2 emissions inequality in the panel dataset of 37 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries from 1990 to 2019. Age dependency, globalisation, and institutional quality reduce CO2 inequality in the OECD economies. However, gross domestic product per capita increases CO2 inequality. The results are robust to utilise different panel data estimation techniques. This paper provides the first evidence in the literature of determinants of CO2 inequality across the OECD countries. It is suggested that governments in the OECD economies offer a blueprint for a sustainable society of green economic growth. Other potential policy implications are also discussed. 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.