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Detection and Classification of Thoracic Diseases in Medical Images using Artificial Intelligence Techniques: A Systematic Review
Artificial Intelligence is at the leading edge of innovation and is developing very fast. In recent studies, it has played a progressive and vital role in Computer-Aided Diagnosis. The chest is one of the large body parts of human anatomy and contains several vital organs inside the thoracic cavity. Furthermore, chest radiographs are the most commonly ordered and globally used by physicians for diagnosis. An automated, fast, and reliable detection of diseases based on chest radiography can be a critical step in radiology workflow. This study presents the conduction and results of a systematic review investigating Artificial Intelligence Techniques to identify Thoracic Diseases in Medical Images. The systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. The research articles published in English were filtered based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Electrochemical Society -
Nutraceuticals to prevent and manage cardiovascular diseases
Unhealthy lifestyle and diet are the key risk factors to cardiovascular diseases. A healthy cardiac and vascular system can prevent cardiovascular-related diseases like hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart stroke. Identifying pharmacologically important metabolites had paved the way to contemporary medicine. People are more attracted to them as they are majorly plant-based metabolites such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, polysterols, and vitamins as cardio-protectors. Preclinical, clinical, and animal studies provide substantial data confirming nutraceuticals as a promising therapeutic agent in curing cardiovascular diseases. This chapter summarizes on major bioactive molecules as nutraceuticals with preclinical and clinical studies, emphasising their cardiovascular protective roles. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Static perfect fluid space-Time and paracontact metric geometry
The main purpose of this paper is to study and explore some characteristics of static perfect fluid space-Time on paracontact metric manifolds. First, we show that if a K-paracontact manifold M2n+1 is the spatial factor of a static perfect fluid space-Time, then M2n+1 is of constant scalar curvature-2n(2n + 1) and squared norm of the Ricci operator is given by 4n2(2n + 1). Next, we prove that if a (?,?)-paracontact metric manifold M2n+1 with ? >-1 is a spatial factor of static perfect space-Time, then for n = 1, M2n+1 is flat, and for n > 1, M2n+1 is locally isometric to the product of a flat (n + 1)-dimensional manifold and an n-dimensional manifold of constant negative curvature-4. Further, we prove that if a paracontact metric 3-manifold M3 with Q? = ?Q is a spatial factor of static perfect space-Time, then M3 is an Einstein manifold. Finally, a suitable example has been constructed to show the existence of static perfect fluid space-Time on paracontact metric manifold. 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
The zamkovoy canonical paracontact connection on a para-kenmotsu manifold
The object of the paper is to study a type of canonical linear connection, called the Zamkovoy canonical paracontact connection on a para-Kenmotsu manifold. 2021 D. G. Prakasha et al. -
On (?)-Lorentzian para-Sasakian Manifolds
The object of this paper is to study (?)-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifolds. Some typical identities for the curvature tensor and the Ricci tensor of (?)-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifold are investi-gated. Further, we study globally ?-Ricci symmetric and weakly ?-Ricci symmetric (?)-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifolds and obtain interesting results. 2022 Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research TMU. -
h-almost Ricci Solitons on Generalized Sasakian-space-forms
The aim of this article is to study the h-almost Ricci solitons and h-almost gradient Ricci solitons on generalized Sasakian-space-forms. First, we consider h-almost Ricci soliton with the potential vector field V as a contact vector field on generalized Sasakian-space-form of dimension greater than three. Next, we study h-almost gradient Ricci solitons on a three-dimensional quasi-Sasakian generalized Sasakian-space-form. In both the cases, several interesting results are obtained Kyungpook Mathematical Journal -
Invariant Submanifolds of (?)-Sasakian Manifolds
In this paper, we consider invariant submanifolds of an (?)-Sasakian manifolds. We show that if the second fundamental form of an invariant submanifold of a (?)-Sasakian manifold is recurrent then the submanifold is totally geodesic. We also prove that, invariant submanifolds of an Einstein (?)-Sasakian manifolds satisfying the conditions (Formula presented) (X, Y) ? = 0 and (Formula presented)(X, Y) (Formula presented)? = 0 with ?r ? n(n 1) are also totally geodesic. 2020. All Rights Reserved. -
A Novel Approach for Fractional (1 + 1 ) -Dimensional BiswasMilovic Equation
In this paper, we find the solution for (1 + 1 ) -dimensional fractional Biswas-Milovic (FBM) equation using the q-homotopy analysis transform method (q-HATM). The Biswas-Milovic equation is a generalization of the nonlinear Schringer (NLS) equation. The future scheme is the elegant mixture of q-homotopy analysis scheme with Laplace transform technique and fractional derivative considered in Caputo sense. To validate and illustrate the competence of the method, we examine the projected model in terms of arbitrary order. Moreover, the nature of the attained results have been presented in 3D plots and contour plots for different value of the order. The gained consequences show that, the hired algorithm is highly accurate, easy to implement, and very operative to investigate the nature of complex nonlinear models ascended in science and engineering. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited. -
ON 3-DIMENSIONAL QUASI-PARA-SASAKIAN MANIFOLDS AND RICCI SOLITONS
The purpose of this paper is to study 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifolds and Ricci solitons. First, we prove that a 3-dimensional non-paracosymplectic quasi-para-Sasakian manifold is an ?-Einstein manifold if and only if the structure function ? is constant. Further, it is shown that a Ricci soliton on a 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifold with ?=constant is expanding. Moreover, we show that if a 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifold admits a Ricci soliton, then the flow vector field V is Killing, and the quasi-para-Sasakian structure can be obtained by a homothetic deformation of a para-Sasakian structure. Besides, we study gradient Ricci solitons and prove that if a 3-dimensional non-paracosymplectic quasi-para-Sasakian manifold with ?=constant admits a gradient Ricci soliton, then the manifold is an Einstein one. Also, a suitable example of a 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifold is constructed to verify our results. 2022 A. Razmadze Mathematical Institute of Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. All rights reserved. -
Professional Ethics of Teachers in Educational Institutions
Artha Journal of Social Sciences, Vol-11 (4), pp. 24-32. ISSN-0975-329X -
Construction and validation of next generation teacher educator competency scale [NGTECS]
The article presented here is a part of the major research project conducted in India from 2016 through 2020. Teacher education in India in the last six decades underwent many reforms in terms of policies, assessment, field experience patterns, and training pedagogy. Teacher educators invariably implemented all the suggested changes. However, it lacked the rigour in implementation. At the same time with the advancement of technology, the student population is native to technology and had newer attitudes towards learning. Researcher felt that, the Teacher educators competencies are to be revisited and may come up with a new list of competencies which are helpful to the next generation. It is with this intent this major research project was planned. The purpose of the project was to come up with the list of competencies for teacher educators which are helpful for training the next generation teacher trainees and to measure those competencies. Therefore, the study resorted to adopt exploratory research design. This article explains the step wise procedure on construction of next generation teacher educator competency scale. It also explains the procedures of validity and reliability established for the scale. The study brought out a Likert type of scale to measure next generation teacher educator competency and has simple administration procedures. The scale was found to be highly reliable based on Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. Though the study is exploratory in nature, yet confirmatory factor analysis was carried out and is found to be in agreement with the evolved factors. The scale may be used to measure the extent to which the next generation teacher educator competencies are possessed by a teacher educator. Copyright 2020 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License -
exploring effective Online-Teaching Transition of College Teachers During COVID-19
The study attempts to identify what is effective online teaching from teacher and student perspectives. What are the challenges faced by teachers which hampered effective online teaching? The study employed mixed method research design including a survey questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The study collected data from 500 students out of which 200 are boys and 300 are girls on effective online teaching. The study conducted semi-structured interview with eight college teachers through snowball sampling. The survey revealed that almost 80% of the teachers are not effective. Girls are less satisfied with online teaching transition of teachers than boys are. Similarly, postgraduates (PG) are not as satisfied as undergraduate (UG) students are. Interview data revealed themes and subthemes on challenges of effective online teaching faced by college teachers. Overall, the perceived online-teaching effectiveness is low, and further research may find the causes for the same. 2022 IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Energy saving, waste management, and pollution free steps for university campuses
Global warming is a worldwide concern and the documents related to the need for sustainable measures seen in academic and non-academic literature. In a highly populated country like India, these are more severe worries. Multiple established educational institutions across India have taken significant steps in educating their students on sustainable development goals (SDG). Currently there is a need to assess the extent of effect such training has on student populations of such institutes. Present study attempted to assess the efficacy of SDG-implementation training programmes in a reputed private university, through student assessment of student behaviors outside the institute and in their personal life. Using semi-structured in-depth interview methods, interviewed eight students of Undergraduate and Postgraduate programmes. These students were active participants of community service programmes arranged by the university within a sustainable development model. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis methods. Emerged themes from data analysis indicate a positive change in their worldview and significant modifications in their personal behavior towards sustainability because of being part of such programmes. Educating others through practice and increased socio-environmental awareness were also major themes. Current study contributes in assessing efficacy of sustainability programmes in educational institutions. This study also suggests few recommendations for increasing competence of the same. 2021 Author(s). -
An ICT-integrated Modular Training Program Enhancing the Digital Research Skills of Research Scholars
The teaching profession in higher education demands strong research skills, and with rapid technological advancements, university teaching professionals must familiarize themselves with digital research skills. Thus, university teachers and PhD research scholars across the globe are eager to develop their digital research skills to enhance their work efficiency. Acquiring digital research skills on the job or during the PhD program has proven to be challenging. These skills assist higher education professionals in various ways, such as supervising doctoral students, conducting research, working on research projects, and publishing research articles. Thus, the present study attempted to provide ICT-integrated modular training (MT) to facilitate the higher education teaching faculty and PhD scholars with digital research skills. The study employed a repeated cross-sectional research design and measured the effectiveness of the MT through a single group pre and post-test design. Researchers conducted three modular training sessions annually on digital research skills over five consecutive years. In total, 300 scholars attended the training and participated in the pre-test, post-test, and satisfaction survey. Findings from paired sample t-tests (t-value varied between 4.117 to 7.525, p < 0.05) revealed that modular training has been significantly effective with a large effect size (d > 0.8). Furthermore, the satisfaction survey revealed a high degree of satisfaction among participants. Future research may explore ways to strengthen the technological and pedagogical content knowledge of modular training programs in developing digital research skills. Italian e-Learning Association. -
INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING INTERNSHIP: An Analytical Approach
The introduction chapter presents the transition that teaching internship models underwent from the 20th century to the 21st century. It addresses the need for acquiring the teaching knowledge required of a teacher trainee suitable to the present time. It provides a glimpse of internship practices in other professions like medicine, law and business to provide an analytical base to understand the teaching internship. A successful teaching practicum is determined by its outcome and the experiences offered at the internship site. The chapter also sheds light on the expectations and benefits of teaching internship. It also clarifies the terms used in teaching internship for a common understanding from the stakeholders. It explores the idea of mentor and mentorship in teaching internship. The chapter concludes by providing an overview of the succeeding chapters in the volume. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
GUIDELINES TO CARRY OUT TEACHING INTERNSHIP
The volume presented chapters on fundamental aspects of teaching internship to the cases of internship in countries across the Global South to the Global North. In addition, it discussed research insights into teaching internship practices and assessment of teaching internship. The previous chapter dealt with important templates useful for carrying out internships. The present chapter attempts to provide certain guidelines for carrying out internships. These guidelines might help those involved in organising teaching internships at schools. Understanding the steps of organising and deliberations on each stage of the internship process helps the stakeholders reap maximum benefit from the internship. Future researchers may focus on understanding the effectiveness of these guidelines when implemented. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
TEACHING INTERNSHIP THE WAY FORWARD
This is the last chapter of the volume. Thus, it presents the summary of the volume, which includes the storyline on teaching internship with an analytical argument across the chapters. It presents an overview of all the internship models discussed in the first part of the volume and then about its second part, which is essentially the research insights and practicing guidelines of the teaching-internship. The chapter concludes with a discussion of moving forward. Moving forward discusses future possible trends in teaching internship, which include internships in virtual spaces and other innovations, which might replace the current teaching internship practices. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
SAMPLE TEMPLATES FOR ORGANIZING TEACHING INTERNSHIP
The previous chapter discussed assessment in internship, while this chapter introduces various templates for such assessments and presentations in teaching internship. There are various tasks provided to preservice teachers, such as making reflections, observations, and lesson plans. These tasks are evaluated during the completion of the internship. A rubric for this evaluation is also provided in this chapter. The chapter also provides templates for a permission letter seeking leave and a template for successful completion of internship. The templates provided in this chapter can serve as a valuable resource for teacher educators, researchers and stakeholders in the field of teacher education for internship practices. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
TEACHING INTERNSHIP IN INDIA
The chapter provides a detailed account of the evolution of education at different time periods from the Vedic, Buddhism, and Mughals to the present day, exploring any presence of teacher education. However, the official teacher education institutes were opened during the pre-independence era under British rule. The number of institutes has increased over the years with the reformation of numerous educational policies, such as the National Education Policy and Commissions (Kothari Commission, Mudaliar Commission, The University Education Commission, etc.). The chapter also offers insights into the emergence of internships, the regulating body for teacher education in India, and their significance, along with the requisites for a teacher in India. The universal model of internship as declared by NCTE is introduced towards the end, followed by the conclusion and drawbacks of a teaching internship in India. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
RESEARCH INSIGHTS ON TEACHER EDUCATION
Teacher education is an important academic domain, as it determines the quality of school education through the teachers produced by teacher education. The changing demands and nature of learners at school force teachers to adapt themselves constantly. This requires change in the methods of teacher training and its curriculum. Thus, researchers specialised in the area of teacher education must find innovative approaches to train preservice and in-service teachers to meet the changing demands. The present chapter presents the research conducted on the developmental aspects of teacher education across the globe in the last two decades. The chapter organises the research inputs in five different areas for ease of understanding: research related to the application of sociological, psychological and technological theories to teacher education practices, research related to transformational changes, research on teacher and teaching competence and research pertaining to teacher reflection. This would help teacher educators, schoolteachers, trainee teachers and policy makers to organise and implement effective teacher training programmes. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors.