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Impact of terminal group on azobenzene liquid crystal dimers for photo-responsive optical storage devices
Three new series of photo responsive dimers bearing different terminal functional groups (-CN, -COOEt, -OMe) and variable aliphatic spacers have been synthesized and investigated in detail. The molecular structures of the new materials were proved using different spectroscopic techniques and their liquid crystal self-assembly was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscope (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, their photo switching behaviour was investigated in details in solution. The results revealed that, almost all members of the dimeric materials are mesomorphic exhibit either nematic or both smectic A and nematic phases. Under UV illumination the materials show interesting photo-switching properties, reaching a photo-stationary state in 40 s and a thermal back-relaxation time of approximately 35 h in solution. Finally, a fabricated device authenticates the potential of the reported materials for optical storage devices. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Spirocyclic isatin-derivative analogues: Solvation, structural, electronic, topological, reactivity properties, and anti-leukaemic biological evaluation
The present work investigates, via computational methods, three spirocyclic isatin derivatives with ?-methylene-?-butyrolactone cores, whose synthesis, experimental data and structural-activity relationships have been reported, to compare their properties and biological action. DFT (Density Functional Theory) studies, including geometry optimisation, FMO Analysis, theoretical UV spectral analysis, NBO and NLO studies, are performed using Gaussian 09 W with a standard basis set. The IEFPCM model is employed to investigate the solvent effect on the reactivity and stability of the compounds. Topological analyses are also performed, including ELF, LOL, RDG and charge transfer studies. ADME profiling is performed using SwissADME online tool. Anti-leukaemic target proteins are selected and docked with the title compounds to understand their suitability to act against leukaemic conditions. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Coca-Cola product placement strategy backfires a case of celebrity activism
Research methodology: A secondary research method was used to collect data for this case. The authors have made use of newspaper articles and published articles written by journalists and experts which are available in the public domain. Case overview/synopsis: Instances of celebrity activism such as athlete activism are rising. Social media has amplified the voice of celebrities and given them a personal channel to directly communicate with their fans without any media censorship. The same is true especially concerning endorsement by sports superstars, who now seem to have a mind of their own, independent of the official line of clubs, tournament organizers or sponsoring companies. This case discusses the embarrassment and financial loss faced by soft drinks giant Coca-Cola due to the public snub by football superstar Cristiano Ronaldo during an official press conference of the EURO 2020 championship. Complexity academic level: Undergraduate and postgraduate students studying marketing management and brand management courses in business management and commerce streams can use this case. This case can also be used for marketing specialization students at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
The Mediating Effect of Employee Engagement: How Employee Psychological Empowerment Impacts the Employee Satisfaction? A Study of Maldivian Tourism Sector
This study aims to examine the mediation of employee engagement on the relationship between employee psychological empowerment and employee job satisfaction, which helps to retain more customers with better service. An empirical analysis was done on Maldivian resorts, and 243 employees were randomly selected from different resorts in the Maldives. The proposed model was tested using IBM SPSS AMOS 25. The results indicate that psychological empowerment had a significant effect on job satisfaction of the resort employees through employee engagement. The Maldivian economy is based on the tourism sector, and a significant amount of gross domestic product (GDP) depends on the tourism sector. Resorts and guesthouses are the power hubs for the economic development of the country, and employees are the primary source of service providers to tourists, which helps the resorts to retain their tourists. Hence, this study concludes that employees psychological empowerment and employees engagement are crucial to improve employee satisfaction. 2023 IMI. -
Dynamic Offloading Technique for Latency-Sensitive Internet of Things Applications using Fog Computing
Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved as a novel paradigm that provides com-putation power to different entities connected to it. IoT offers services to multiple sectors such as home automation, industrial automation, traffic management, healthcare sector, agriculture industry etc. IoT generally relies on cloud data centers for extended analytics, processing and storage support. The cloud offers highly scalable and robust platform for IoT applications. But latency sensitive IoT applications suffer delay issues as the cloud lies in remote location. Edge/fog computing was introduced to overcome the issues faced by delay-sensitive IoT applications. These platforms lie close to the IoT network, reducing the delay and response time. The fog nodes are usually distributed in nature. The data has to be properly offloaded to available fog nodes using efficient strategies to gain benefit from the integration. Differ-ent offloading schemes are available in the literature to overcome this prob-lem This paper proposes a novel offloading approach by combining two effi-cient metaheuristic algorithms, Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA) and Fla-mingo Search Algorithm (FSA) termed as HB-FS algorithm. The HB-FS is executed in an iterative manner optimizing the objective function in each it-eration. The performance evaluation of the proposed approach is done with different existing metaheuristic algorithms and the evaluations show that the proposed work outperforms the existing algorithms in terms of latency, response time and execution time. The methodology also offers better degree of imbalance with proper load balancing under different conditions. 2023 Authors. All rights reserved. -
A comprehensive review of AI based intrusion detection system
In today's digital world, the tremendous amount of data poses a significant challenge to cyber security. The complexity of cyber-attacks makes it difficult to develop efficient tools to detect them. Signature-based intrusion detection has been the common method used for detecting attacks and providing security. However, with the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Machine Learning, Deep Learning and ensemble learning, promising results have been shown in detecting attacks more efficiently. This review discusses how AI-based mechanisms are being used to detect attacks effectively based on relevant research. To provide a broader view, the study presents taxonomy of the existing literature on Machine Learning (ML), Deep learning (DL), and ensemble learning. The analysis includes 72 research papers and considers factors such as the algorithm and performance metrics used for detection. The study reveals that AI-based intrusion detection methods improve accuracy, but researchers have primarily focused on improving performance for detecting attacks rather than individual attack classification. The main objective of the study is to provide an overview of different AI-based mechanisms in intrusion detection and offer deeper insights for future researchers to better understand the challenges of multi-classification of attacks. 2023 -
Quantum tunneling rotor as a sensitive atomistic probe of guests in a metal-organic framework
Quantum tunneling rotors in a zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8 can provide insights into local gas adsorption sites and local dynamics of porous structure, which are inaccessible to standard physisorption or x-ray diffraction sensitive primarily to long-range order. Using in situ high-resolution inelastic neutron scattering at 3 K, we follow the evolution of methyl tunneling with respect to the number of dosed gas molecules. While nitrogen adsorption decreases the energy of the tunneling peak, and ultimately hinders it completely (0.33 meV to zero), argon substantially increases the energy to 0.42 meV. Ab initio calculations of the rotational barrier of ZIF-8 show an exception to the reported adsorption sites hierarchy, resulting in anomalous adsorption behavior and linker dynamics at subatmospheric pressure. The findings reveal quantum tunneling rotors in metal-organic frameworks as a sensitive atomistic probe of local physicochemical phenomena. 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. -
Facile fabrication of stable wettability gradients on elastomeric surfaces for applications in water collection and controlled cell adhesion
We have developed a simple and effective method to prepare stable wettability gradients on an elastomeric soft substrate, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In our method, a partially cured PDMS film composed of a definite ratio of elastomer and crosslinking agent was heated over a hot surface with a temperature gradient. This causes differential thermal curing of the PDMS film and the water contact angle (wettability) of the resultant surface showed gradual variation across the length. This method allows us to design and fabricate wettability gradients with rationally controlled directionality and shapes (e.g., linear and radial gradients). The stability of the wettability gradients was studied and a chemical treatment method was developed to enhance the stability at room temperature. Stable wettability gradients prepared through this method can find applications as reliable platforms and scaffolds offering controlled or directional wetting and adhesion. We have demonstrated the practical applications of the wettability gradients in directional water collection, controlled crystallization of materials, and controlled cell adhesion of HeLa cells, osteoblasts and NIH/3T3 cells. The multi-functional characteristics of these wettable gradients are expected to be handy in other domains using soft materials and interfaces also. 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry. -
Analysis of factors impacting firm performance of MSMEs: lessons learnt from COVID-19
Purpose: The micro, small and medium scale enterprises (MSMEs) faced various challenges in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, making it challenging to remain competitive and survive in the market. This research develops a model for MSMEs to cope with the current pandemic's operational and supply chain disruptions and similar circumstances. Design/methodology/approach: The exhaustive literature review helped in identifying the constructs, their items and five hypotheses are developed. The responses were collected from the experts working in MSMEs. Total 311 valid responses were received, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used for testing and validating the proposed model. Findings: Critical constructs identified for the study are-flexibility (FLE), collaboration (COL), risk management culture (RMC) and digitalization (DIG). The statistical analysis indicated that the four latent variables, flexibility, digitalization, risk management culture and collaboration, contribute significantly to the firm performance of MSMEs. Organizational resilience (ORS) mediates the effects of all the four latent variables on firm performance (FP) of MSMEs. Practical implications: The current study's findings will be fruitful for the manufacturing MSMEs and other firms in developing countries. It will enable them to identify the practices that significantly help in achieving the firm performance. Originality/value: The previous researches have not considered the effect of organizational resilience on the firm performance of MSMEs. This study attempts to fill this gap. 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Covid related distress and its impact on mental health a study based on early and late adolescents in Bangalore
The closure of educational institutions and social distancing norms have impacted the life of adolescents. Forced to stay at home, limited interaction with friends and online schooling are some of the factors that have affected their lives. While some researchers believe that the true extent of the impact on the mental health of the adolescent is still not clear, others propose that the impact will only be observable in later stages of their life. In an attempt to understand the impact of the COVID related distress factors on the mental well being of adolescents, the current study collected data from 100 early adolescents and 100 late adolescents. The COVID related distress factors were measured through an instrument designed for the same, while mental well being was measured through depression symptoms and general anxiety levels. The finings of the study identify the particular distress factors that have a significant impact on the mental well-being of adolescents. The findings also identify the factors that are significant in predicting the mental well-being of each category, separately. 2023 -
Assimilating sense into disaster recovery databases and judgement framing proceedings for the fastest recovery
The replication between the primary and secondary (standby) databases can be configured in either synchronous or asynchronous mode. It is referred to as out-of-sync in either mode if there is any lag between the primary and standby databases. In the previous research, the advantages of the asynchronous method were demonstrated over the synchronous method on highly transactional databases. The asynchronous method requires human intervention and a great deal of manual effort to configure disaster recovery database setups. Moreover, in existing setups there was no accurate calculation process for estimating the lag between the primary and standby databases in terms of sequences and time factors with intelligence. To address these research gaps, the current work has implemented a self-image looping database link process and provided decision-making capabilities at standby databases. Those decisions from standby are always in favor of selecting the most efficient data retrieval method and being in sync with the primary database. The purpose of this paper is to add intelligence and automation to the standby database to begin taking decisions based on the rate of concurrency in transactions at primary and out-of-sync status at standby. 2023 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Psychological distress and quality of community life among migratory construction workers in India
Objectives: The objectives of this study are to elicit sociodemographic details, assess the level of psychological distress, and measure the quality of community life (QoCL) of migratory construction workers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional research design and survey method of sampling was followed. The semi-structured interview schedule, self-reporting questionnaire, and QoCL scale were used as measures for the study. Results: Out of 75 respondents, 37 (49.3%) did not have formal education, 38 (50.7%) have migrated for less than a month duration, 33 (44.0%) respondents migrated with their families. The mean age of respondents was 32.03 9.82 years. About 48 (64.0%) were identified as potential respondents for psychosocial care and female respondents (M = 12.90 4.03, t = ?3.03, P < 0.003) have higher distress than males (M = 9.50 4.56, t = ?3.03, P < 0.003) ones. Overall, QoCL indicated a below moderate (59.08 8.31) level. Conclusion: The distress was high and QoCL indicated a below moderate level. Intersectoral and community mental health services were required to enhance QoCL and reduce distress among migratory construction workers. 2023 Published by Scientific Scholar on behalf of Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice. -
Changing Ways of Watching Content But Has Anything Changed?
[No abstract available] -
Entropy generation and thermal analyses of a Cross fluid flow through an inclined microchannel with non-linear mixed convection
The temperature difference of the various applications such as microchannel heat exchangers, microelectronics, solar collectors, automotive systems, micro fuel cells, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is relatively large. The buoyancy force (mixed convection) modeled by the conventional Boussinesq approximation is inadequate since the density of the operating fluids fluctuates non-linearly with the temperature difference. Therefore, the mixed non-linear convective transport of the flow of Cross fluid through three different geometric aspects (horizontal, vertical, and inclined) of the microchannel under the non-linear Boussinesq (NBA) approximation is investigated. Mechanisms of internal heat source, Rosseland radiative heat flux, and frictional heating are incorporated into the thermal analysis. The mathematical construction is proposed using the Cross fluid model for a steady-state, and subsequent non-linear differential equations are deciphered by the spectral quasi-linearization method (SQLM). Graphical sketches were constructed and displayed that explore the stimulus of various key parameters on Bejan number, velocity, temperature, and entropy generation. It is found that the Bejan number and entropy production improved due to the non-linear density temperature variation. The convective heating boundary conditions augment the entropy production. The pressure gradient accelerates the transport of fluid in a microchannel. Furthermore, among three different geometries, the velocity, entropy production, and temperature are the highest for the vertical microchannel. 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Analysis and prediction of Indian stock market: a machine-learning approach
Prediction of financial stock market is a challenging task because of its volatile and non- linear nature. The presence of different factors like psychological, sentimental state, rational or irrational behaviour of investors make the stock market more dynamic. With the inculcation of algorithms based on artificial intelligence, deep learning algorithms, the prediction of movement of financial stock market is revolutionized in the recent years. The purpose of using these algorithms is to help the investors for taking decisions related to the Stock Pricing. A model has been proposed to predict the direction of movement of Indian stock market in the near future. This model makes use of historical Indian stock data of companies in nifty 50 since they came existence along with some financial and social indicators like financial news and tweets related to stocks. After pre-processing and normalization various machine learning algorithms like LSTM, support vector machines, KNearest neighbour, random forest, gradient boosting regressor are applied on this time series data to produce better accuracy and to minimize the RMSE error. This model has the ability to reduce major losses to the investors who invest in stock market. The social indicators will give an insight for predicting the direction of stock market. The LSTM network will make use of historical closing prices, tweets and trading volume. 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden. -
Assessing performance of alkali-activated bricks incorporated with processed surgical masks
Since last few years the world is facing tremendous surge in the use of surgical masks due to the COVID19 pandemic. The uncontrolled disposal of surgical masks in the environment will pose serious threat to the living organisms due to plastic pollution. On the other hand, the construction industry is hugely dependent on natural resources, leading to increase in carbon footprint. Therefore, it necessary to investigate novel construction materials with sustainability perspective. In present study, alkali-activated bricks were synthesized with rice husk ash (RHA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), sand, and sodium silicate (SS). To this, processed surgical masks (PSM) were added in varying doses of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% by volume of the mix. The results revealed that addition of PSM significantly improved the strength properties of the bricks with a maximum compressive strength of 6.85 MPa at inclusion of 4% PSM. At the same time, it has reduced the density of bricks with a minimum value of 1.54 g/cm3 at inclusion of 4% PSM. The incorporation of PSM has slightly increased the water absorption and porosity of the bricks, with a maximum increase of 4.76% and 7.75% for bricks with 4% PSM, when compared to bricks with 0% PSM, respectively. The accelerated ageing test showed that after three cycles of wetting and drying the bricks exhibited loss in compressive strength in the range of 55.2%58.6%. The microstructure results revealed the bridging effect of fibrous mask particles in improving the load transfer in polymer matrix, and thereby reducing the brittle tensile failure in bricks. The pushover analysis showed the benefit of PSM in improving the performance of the infill walls due to improvement in brick strength and reduction in its self-weight, and therefore, it can be considered as a potential material for use in construction of buildings in seismically vulnerable areas. 2023 The Author(s) -
RayleighBard magnetoconvection with asymmetric boundary condition and comparison of results with those of symmetric boundary condition
The paper concerns two RayleighBard magnetoconvection problems, one in a mono-nanofluid (H2OCu) and the other in a hybrid nanofluid (H2OCuAl2O3) bounded by asymmetric boundaries. A minimal FourierGalerkin expansion is used to obtain the generalized Lorenz model (GLM) which is then reduced to an analytically solvable GinzburgLandau equation using the multiscale method. The results of asymmetric boundaries are extracted by using the Chandrasekhar function with appropriate scaling of the Rayleigh number and the wave number. The solution of the steady-state version of the GLM is used to estimate the Nusselt number analytically, and the unsteady version is solved numerically to estimate the time-dependent Nusselt number and also to study regular, chaotic, and periodic convection. Streamlines are plotted and analyzed in both steady and unsteady states. The analytical expression for the HopfRayleigh number, rH , coincides with the value predicted using the bifurcation diagram. This number determines the onset of chaos. For r?> rH , one observes chaotic motion with spells of periodic motion in between. For r?< rH , one sees non-chaotic motion (regular motion). It is found that by increasing the strength of the magnetic field, we can prolong the existence of regular motion by suppressing the manifestation of chaos. The Lorenz attractor is a signature of chaos since it is found that the attractor appears only for r?> rH . The magnitude of the influence of the asymmetric boundary on rH is between those of the two symmetric boundary conditions with the freefree isothermal boundary being the one that most favors chaotic motion: A result also seen in the context of regular convection. 2023, Akadiai Kiad Budapest, Hungary. -
Imidazopyridine chalcones as potent anticancer agents: Synthesis, single-crystal X-ray, docking, DFT and SAR studies
New imidazopyridinechalcone analogs were synthesized through the ClaisenSchmidt condensation reaction. The newly synthesized imidazopyridine-chalcones (S1S12) were characterized using spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The structures of compounds S2 and S5 were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The global chemical reactivity descriptor parameter was calculated using theoretically (DFT-B3LYP-3-211, G) estimated highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital values and the results are discussed. Compounds S1S12 were screened on A-549 (lung carcinoma epithelial cells) and MDA-MB-231 (M.D. Anderson-Metastatic Breast 231) cancer cell lines. Compounds S6 and S12 displayed exceptional antiproliferative activity against lung A-549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 4.22 and 6.89 M, respectively, compared to the standard drug doxorubicin (IC50 = 3.79 ?M). In the case of the MDA-MB-231 cell line, S1 and S6 exhibited exceptionally superior antiproliferative activity with IC50 of 5.22 and 6.50 ?M, respectively, compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 5.48 ?M). S1 was found to be more active than doxorubicin. Compounds S1S12 were tested for their cytotoxicity on human embryonic kidney 293 cells, which confirmed the nontoxic nature of the active compounds. Further molecular docking studies verified that compounds S1S12 have a higher docking score and interacted well with the target protein. The most active compound S1 interacted well with the target protein carbonic anhydrase II in complex with pyrimidine-based inhibitor, and S6 with human Topo II? ATPase/AMP-PNP. The results suggest that imidazopyridine-chalcone analogs may serve as new leads as anticancer agents. 2023 Deutsche Pharmazeutische Gesellschaft. -
Patent Dispute settlement through Arbitration and the public policy concerns
India is a developing nation, which had shown both progress and decline in economy over the years. Intellectual property rights are considered as an important asset of a nation. National legislations are made in par with the international conventions and treaties, more concentration on the industry and investments are needed for the development of the nation. Patent legislations changed on basis of the national and international needs. The monopoly right granted for an invention is on the basis of their intellectual skill. Patent dispute settlement mechanisms are mainly patent office through controller of patent, District Court & High Court and the patent tribunals. Patent is granted for 20years in India. The patent holder can utilize the same within this short span of time. Hence all the patent holders and the public challenging the validity of the patent, expect a speedy justice in patent disputes. This research paper addresses the question as to whether subject matters that can be referred for arbitration can be limited on grounds of public policy. Further the paper will address the issues as to whether arbitration can be effective mechanism for settling patent disputes in India. 2023 Brazilian Center for Mediation and Arbitration - CBMA. All Rights Reserved. -
AN IOT-BASED COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE MODEL TO PERFORM GENE ANALYTICS IN PATERNITY TESTING AND COMPARISON FOR HEALTH 4.0
Parental comparison and parenthood testing are essential in various legal and medical scenarios. The accuracy and reliability of these tests heavily rely on the gene analysis algorithms used. However, analyzing the quality of succession data are quite challenging due to the presence of detrimental characteristics. To address this issue, we propose using machine learning-based algorithms such as clustering (Correlation-based) and Classification (Modified Naive Bayesian) to separate these characteristics from the parent-child gene array. This progression helps to identify, validate, and select tools, techniques for scrutinizing indecent sequences, leading to accurate and reliable results. In this paper, we present an IoT-based intelligence tool for parental comparison that uses a secure gene analysis algorithm. The model employs multiple sensors and devices to collect genetic data, which is then securely processed and analyzed using contemporary algorithms. The suggested model uses advanced techniques such as encryption and decryption to ensure the privacy and confidentiality of the genetic information. Our experimental consequences reveal that the proposed model is reliable, secure, and provides accurate results. The model has the potential to be used in various legal and medical contexts where the security and reliability of genetic data are critical. 2023 Little Lion Scientific.