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Automated Door with Password-Based Lock
The application of this work is to lock the door and ensure the safety of our space. This was done with heavy locks earlier. Locks do not ensure safety completely and there is a lot of tension around them. The main problem with traditional locks is that they are heavy, and their system is completely mechanical. The three basic ideas of this project are safety, privacy, and automation. This device is a password-based door lock system in which the door is opened and closed without any physical work, i.e. automatically. The key here is the password that the user has to enter to open the door. When the correct password is entered into the keypad, the microcontroller gives a command to the servo motor to rotate at a specific angle. If the incorrect password is entered, the motor will not do any operation and the user will not be allowed to enter. 2025 Author(s). -
Body image issues and self-concept dilemmas in adolescents living with thalassemia
Thalassemia, a genetic blood disorder, involves an inability to produce sufficient hemoglobin and comprises two types: alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia. Beta thalassemias immediate treatment measures include frequent blood transmissions, stem cell and bone marrow transplants; all capable of altering an individuals idea of body image, self-concept, growth, and socialization, resulting in several emotional, psychological, and behavioral concerns. This study aimed at comprehending the dilemmas of body image and self-concept encountered by adolescents with thalassemia, particularly the resulting influence on physical development and socialization. Using the phenomenological interpretivism approach of qualitative research, data was collected using purposive-convenient sampling from 11 adolescents, both boys and girls ranging from ages 12 to 18, living with thalassemia and undergoing treatment. The research highlights adolescent concerns with body image, specifically with complexion, facial features, being either underweight or overweight, all amalgamating into a self-concept dilemma. Moreover, results point to the significant influence of experiences with family, peers, educational institutions, and hospital staff. Therapeutic attention, through regular screening and counselling, should be provided to adolescent thalassemia patients to address the psychological aspects of the chronic illness. 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Bacteriological Assessment of Drinking Water Samples from Tribal Area of Bhandardara Region, Maharashtra, India
Background The quality of drinking water still eludes the developing and third world countries. In India, we have significant population staying in rural area and in the tribal areas The tribal population placed in remote areas, lacks basic amenities such as water, electricity, proper sanitation, waste disposal and non availability of drinking water facilities, making them prone to the water borne infections. Lack of awareness about hygiene and safeguarding the health further complicates the matter. The present study was undertaken to assess the potability of drinking water, currently available in tribal area of Bhandardhara region (Maharashtra), samples were collected under aseptic conditions from the 23 villages and Bacteriological assessment was done. Materials and methods: Samples were collected from 23 villages of Bhandardhara region covering the tribal population of 35,407. The population falls under the 2 Rural Health Centers (Shendi and Rajur) of School of Public Health & Social Medicine, PIMS DU. The type of study was descriptive cross-section study based upon Simple Random Sampling Technique. Drinking water samples (100ml) were aseptically collected in sterile container. Water samples from sources supplied for other domestic purpose were not collected. The water samples were subjected to Most Probable Number Test (MPN) as per the standard test procedure using multiple tube method and E.coli detection test kit (HiMedia). Results: The outcome of the MPN test were interpreted based on tables giving the bacterial count per 100 ml (MPN/100ml) of the water sample tested. The outcome determined the MPN count with Klebsiella spps being highest (60.86%) Next common organism isolated was E.coli (21.73%) followed by Pseudomonas (17.39%). Coliform count being higher in all the 23 samples, water was deemed unfit for drinking. Conclusion: Our results were comparable with other studies done in different tribal areas of India highlighting the fact that drinking water is un-potable in Tribal areas of Bhandardhara region and local population is unaware of the cascading health effects due to un-potable water. Community engagement and advocacy for good water quality is key. The various governmental organization also should take precautions/measures to ensure safe drinking water in tribal areas. 2025 Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. -
Brand review scale for brand management /
Patent Number: 202211039578, Applicant: Dr. Mahesh Chandra Joshi.
Big firms have enough resources for various activities such as branding, market research, innovation, product development etc. which are very important for survival and growth of an organization. Small firms also wish to execute these activities but many times resource constraints refrain them form activities like market research which either requires inhouse research team or hiring of external agency for the task. -
Model between mind share branding factors and trustworthiness /
Patent Number: 202111055024, Applicant: Dr.Vikas Singla.
The importance of Mindshare branding (MB) strategy in building long-term and sustainable psychological links with consumers had been sufficiently highlighted in literature. However, very few research attempted to provide a structured tool for its measurement. This study proposed a 13-point four-factor multidimensional scale which could be used to measure MB formally. Dimensions measuring MB were derived from literature and then examined on different brands in order to achieve a reliable and valid scale. -
ICT as a driver of women's social and economic empowerment
The role of information and communication technologies as a tool for development has attracted the sustained attention of various agencies worldwide. If the gender dimensions of information and communication technologies-in terms of access and use, capacity-building opportunities, employment, and potential for empowerment-are explicitly identified and addressed, information and communication technologies can be a powerful catalyst for the political and social empowerment of women and the promotion of gender equality. ICT as a Driver of Women's Social and Economic Empowerment contributes to the growing body of literature and present state of knowledge by offering evidence on how new information and communication technologies impact women's economic and social empowerment and overall welfare creation leading to inclusive growth. Covering key topics such as economics, entrepreneurship, digital technologies, and inclusion, this premier reference source is ideal for industry professionals, policymakers, administrators, business owners, managers, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students. 2023 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Future Trends of Roadmap to Metaverse Technology
The term metaverse is used to describe the interconnected network of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and other fields of technology, such as the medical field. Similar to how the Internet of Things and the Metaverse are digital twins, the latter makes extensive use of the former in its simulated office. In the blockchain-based Metaverse, this data serves as a means of tracing the provenance of various pieces of information. Such information is becoming useful in the Metaverse, which is used to train AI. With the help of AI and blockchain technology, Metaverse creates a digital virtual world where people may securely and freely participate in social and economic activities that go beyond the bounds of the actual world. In this article, we will discuss the technology used by the metaverse and the possibilities that exist for the metaverse in the healthcare arena. 2025 Scrivener Publishing LLC. -
Strategies for Sustainable Practices in a Post-Pandemic World
We know from experience that possessions dont better themselves with time. In order to generate income, we must work. So, what do sustainability experts in the global business-school community recommend companies do when calamity begins to subside and some kind of reality is restored? Companies worldwide have suffered greatly from the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the epidemic, businesses are being forced to develop long-term strategies that are both profitable and sustainable in terms of society, the economy, and the environment. There is little doubt that businesses contribute significantly to the overall gross domestic product (GDP) of any nation. Because of the pandemic, businesses had to work even harder to reduce waste, adapt to changing demands from customers in record speed, and achieve peak performance alone. This has further raised the status of sustainability to one of moderate significance. Businesses must develop novel and cutting-edge approaches to ensure economic, environmental, and social longevity. Scholars have yet to settle on a single definition due to the business model's complexity. A study found that COVID-19 had both positive and negative impacts on educational technology (edtech) companies. As a result of the pandemic, businesses in the edtech sector no longer needed to make the case for the importance of their products in classrooms. Second, there was a rise in the acceptance of online education among educators. Also, edtech companies grew rapidly and benefited greatly from user feedback, and investors showed a lot of interest in the sector. However, due to the obstacles, sales discussions were either put on hold or cancelled. Edtech companies were unable to expand into new areas as a result of travel limitations. The purpose of this research is to investigate the link between the elements of sustainable development that contribute to the occurrence of enterprises and edtech enterprise employment and interest. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Vandana Sharma, Balamurugan Balusamy, Munish Sabharwal, and Mariya Ouaissa. -
Toxicological evaluation of Calotropis gigantea (L.) W. T. Aiton (Apocynaceae) stem extract in zebrafish: A chronic exposure study
Calotropis gigantea is widely used in traditional medicine across rural and tribal regions for treating various ailments. The safety profile of this plant especially in concerning long term or high dose exposure, remains inadequately studied. This study aims to scientifically assess the toxicity of C. gigantea stem extract using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism. Chronic exposure over 10, 20 and 30 days revealed significant oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment and histopathological alterations in vital organs. Key antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analysed in the liver, gills, brain and muscles. Enzyme activity has initially increased but declined by the 30th day, indicating progressive oxidative damage. The liver and gills exhibited the most substantial biochemical and structural changes. The histological analysis confirmed cellular degeneration, inflammation and necrosis. These findings highlight the potential risks associated with unregulated therapeutic use of C. gigantea and emphasize the need for scientific validation and public awareness to ensure safe application. The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) -
Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Feature Selection and Ensemble Machine Learning
Breast cancer diagnosis requires accurate diagnostic tools that are both efficient and interpretable for clinical deployment. This study presents an integrated pipeline combining Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross-Validation (RFECV), Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE), and ensemble learning methods applied to the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Diagnostic dataset. RFECV achieved dimensionality reduction from 30 to 17 features, representing a 43% reduction while maintaining predictive performance. SMOTE transformed the class imbalance ratio from 1.68:1 to a perfect 1:1 balance. A comprehensive evaluation of twelve machine learning models revealed that LightGBM attained an F1-score of 0.9722, accuracy of 96.5%, and ROC-AUC of 0.9914 with strong cross-validation stability (0.9681 0.0179). Feature importance analysis identified worst perimeter, area, and concave points as the most discriminative features for differentiating malignant from benign tumors. The proposed approach achieved a 35% reduction in training time compared to full-featured models without sacrificing performance. This reproducible pipeline demonstrates practical clinical relevance for automated breast cancer diagnosis with improved computational efficiency and model interpretability. 2025 IEEE. -
Green synthesis of Fe-doped manganese oxide nanoparticles: enhanced their antibacterial and anticancer properties assessed by biological analysis
Eco-friendly synthesis methods are becoming increasingly important as a sustainable way to produce nanoparticles, thereby improving their potential for biomedical applications. The nanoparticles have a small size, a high surface area-to-volume ratio, and the ability to be functionalized with targeting ligands, making them ideal for drug delivery, imaging, and diagnostic purposes. In anticancer therapies, nanoparticles can enhance treatment efficacy by improving drug solubility, enabling controlled release, and selectively targeting cancer cells, thereby minimizing side effects on healthy cells. In the present work, the green engineering of manganese oxide (GEMn2O3) and iron-doped manganese oxide (GEFe@Mn2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) was achieved using a green process with Cynoglossum zeylanicum extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR, DLS, PL, and FESEM analysis. The antibacterial activity of GEMn?O? and GEFe@Mn?O? NPs was tested against S. aureus. GEFe@Mn?O?NPs showed significant antibacterial activity as compared to the GEMn?O?NPs. The antioxidant activity of GEMn?O? and GEFe@Mn?O? NPs was studied again using the DPPH assay. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that GEMn?O? and GEFe@Mn?O? NPs exhibit significant anticancer activity against a human blood cancer cell line (MOLT-4). The findings indicate a strong correlation between the increased oxygen vacancies of the GEFe@Mn?O? NPs and their enhanced biocidal properties. This suggests that GEFe@Mn?O? nanoparticles (NPs) are promising candidates for antibacterial and anticancer applications due to their unique physicochemical properties, including enhanced redox activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and potential for targeted cellular interaction. The incorporation of iron (Fe) and manganese oxide (Mn?O?) provides synergistic effects that can disrupt microbial cell membranes and induce apoptosis in cancer cells through oxidative stress. Moreover, the engineered nanostructure of GEFe@Mn?O? NPs may offer improved biocompatibility and the ability to penetrate biological barriers, making them suitable for therapeutic delivery and biomedical interventions. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Analyzing the Performance of Conformable and Non-Conformable Patch Antennas
This paper presents a performance analysis between a conventional triangular shaped patch antenna and a future reconfigurable patch antenna. There are different materials with different electronic properties for the simulation of triangular shaped patch antenna. All the materials for the triangular patch antenna are simulated using FEKO tool. Materials selected for triangular patch antenna are Copper, Single-wall Carbon Nano-tube (SCNT), Multiple-wall Carbon Nano-tube (MCNT) and Graphene. For the futuristic antennas, cotton fabric based reconfigurable patch antenna is also analyzed and compared with triangular shaped patch antenna. Graphene based triangular patch antenna has been analyzed best out of other materials. Reconfigurable cotton fabric-based patch antenna provides better bandwidth and results are validated through simulation and experimental setup. 2024 IEEE. -
Efficient detection of intrusions in TON-IoT dataset using hybrid feature selection approach
This research improves IoT attack classification by introducing a bias-aware dataset refinement strategy that eliminates IP- and port-based identifiers and applies a domain-guided hybrid feature selection framework to derive a lightweight and generalizable feature set. Motivated by the need for intrusion detection models that generalize beyond predefined network configurations, this study focuses on behavior-driven network features that enable more realistic attack categorization in IoT environments. Wrapper-based feature selection methods, including forward selection, backward elimination, and genetic algorithms, identify five optimal features. To assess the robustness of the selected feature subset, both simple classifiers (Decision Tree and KNN) and ensemble learning models, including Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, Bagging, and Voting Ensemble, are evaluated under binary and multi-class settings. Using the proposed reduced feature set, the Decision Tree classifier achieved an accuracy of 0.986 for binary classification and 0.972 for multi-class attack classification, while the K-Nearest Neighbor classifier consistently achieved an accuracy of 0.972 for both binary and multi-class scenarios, while ensemble models yield only marginal performance improvements. Evaluation using precision, recall, F1-score, confusion matrices, and Cohens Kappa confirms that the discriminative power primarily arises from the selected feature subset rather than classifier complexity. These results demonstrate that effective feature selection enables lightweight models to achieve competitive intrusion detection performance suitable for real-world IoT deployments. The Author(s) 2026. -
Anti-vibrio effects of the precious Tibetan pill, Rinchen Drangjor Rilnag Chenmo (RDRC)
Tibetan precious pills are an integral part of TTM (Traditional Tibetan Medicine). Among them, Rinchen Drangjor Rilnag Chenmo (RDRC) has been named King of Precious Pills due to its efficacy in treating a multitude of human disorders. RDRC has a complex formulation with about 140 ingredients, mostly from medicinal plants and a few precious stones and metals. Not many studies have been done on the experimental validation of antimicrobial properties of this important pill. The current study investigated the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of RDRC. Both aqueous and chloroform extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial potential against a total of seven different bacterial species, which are pathogenic, including three species of Vibrio, viz. V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. harveyi using the well-diffusion method and also by assessing MIC and MBC values. Its antifungal potential was also studied against two fungal strains Aspergillus Niger and Talaromyces islandicus. It was found that the chloroform extract of RDRC exerted a positive antibacterial effect on all the Vibrio species tested, and the least MIC of 3.33 mg/ml was observed for V. parahaemolyticus. This is the first study of its kind on the anti-Vibrio effect of the Tibetan precious pill, Rinchen Drangjor Rilnag Chenmo. Dhargyal et al (2021). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). -
Stress strain characteristics of reinforced hollow concrete block masonry melded with mesh reinforcement
Plain Masonry similar to unreinforced concrete, is resilient in compression and weak in tension. Masonry gains strength with age similar to concrete. Inspite of these resemblances, there exist numerous differences between masonry and concrete. The major difference is the regular pattern of horizontal joints(known as bed joints) at specific intervals along the height of walls introduce due to the method of construction of masonry. These bed joints make masonry a direction dependent material possessing orthotropic properties, unlike concrete which is usually regarded as isotropic atleast in the elastic range. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength are a pre-requisite as part of the design of masonry walls. The present study deals with the experimental study to evaluate the mechanical properties of hollow concrete block masonry specimens for varying cement mortar proportions melded with mesh reinforcement at bed joints. Parameters such as compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, failure pattern have been studied and compared for reinforced and unreinforced hollow concrete block prisms. The study showed higher compressive strength and improved elastic modulus for specimens with higher grade of mortar Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Surviving Under Stress: Exploring Zea mays Adaptive Responses to Cadmium Toxicity and Mitigation StrategiesA Review
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity poses a significant threat to Zea mays, disrupting its normal physiological functions and metabolic processes. This chapter summarises current studies on the sources of contamination, Cd intake mechanisms, and the effect of Cd toxicity on critical physiological systems in maize. It then thoroughly investigates Zea mays physiological and adaptive responses to Cd toxicity. The section outlines how Cd inhibits vital metabolic processes, such as photosynthesis and the absorption of nutrients uptake in maize plants, leading to a reduction in biomass, yield, and growth. The adverse impacts on plant growth and development are amplified by anatomical changes brought on by Cd exposure, such as modifications to the roots and leaves. Furthermore, a thorough examination of biochemical modifications is conducted, such as adjustments to protein composition, glucose metabolism, and amino acid levels. The chapter additionally examines how enzymatic activity responds to Cd stress, focusing on modifications in the activity of enzymes involved in antioxidants and metabolism. Under the influence of Cd toxicity, maize plants display a range of intricate adaptive responses. These include upregulation of genes linked to the production of ethylene and the synthesis of peptides that bind metals, such as phytochelatins. The study covers the effectiveness of several mitigation techniques employed to reduce Cd accumulation and improve Cd tolerance in maize crops. These techniques include microbial remediation, phytohormone administration, biostimulant treatments, and designed nanoparticles and mineral ions. With everything considered, this chapter offers insightful information about Zea mays physiological and adaptive responses to endure and mitigate the impact of cadmium toxicity. To ensure sustainable maize production and food security in areas polluted by Cd, it is essential to understand these mechanisms and create appropriate mitigation techniques. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Parental Perspectives on Stress and Challenges in Raising Autistic Children: A Meta-Synthesis
Raising autistic children can be challenging, and the current meta-synthesis explores the stress and challenges the parents encounter across life domains. Database searches (JSTOR, ProQuest, EBSCO, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar) were done using the SPIDER method, and 463 articles published between 2011 and 2021 were reviewed. The meta-synthesis adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and included 28 eligible studies centered on stress in parents of children up to the age of 12 years diagnosed with autism. This comprehensive analysis encompassed a collective participant pool of n-505 individuals. Eight stressors were derived using the line of argument synthesis method, which include parental stress due to emotional impact, diagnosis process, social stigma, financial aspects, work-life balance, lack of resources and social support, marital life, and academic setting. Multiple stressors exert a combined effect of individual and systemic factors across domains of life, leading to parental stress. Interventions must be designed considering the complex nature of the parental stress and its interaction with the environment. Psycho-education for awareness and empowerment contribute to parental well-being. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited 2024. -
A comprehensive survey on machine learning techniques to mobilize multi-camera network for smart surveillance
Deploying a web of CCTV cameras for surveillance has become an integral part of any smart citys security procedure. This, however, has led to a steady increase in the number of cameras being deployed. These cameras generate a large amount of data, which needs to be further analyzed. Our next step is to achieve a network of cameras spread across a city that does not require any human assistance to detect, recognize and track a person. This paper incorporates various algorithmic techniques used in order to make surveillance systems and their use cases so as to enable less human intervention dependent as much as possible. Even though many of these methods do carry out the task graciously, there are still quite a few obstructions such as computational resources required for model building, training time for the models, and many more issues that hinder the process and hence, constrain the possibility of easy implementation. In this paper, we also intend to shift the paradigm by providing evidence toward the use of technologies like Fog computing and edge computing coupled with the surveillance technology trends, which can help to achieve the goal in a sustainable manner with lesser overheads. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023. -
A comprehensive survey on machine learning techniques to mobilize multi-camera network for smart surveillance
Deploying a web of CCTV cameras for surveillance has become an integral part of any smart citys security procedure. This, however, has led to a steady increase in the number of cameras being deployed. These cameras generate a large amount of data, which needs to be further analyzed. Our next step is to achieve a network of cameras spread across a city that does not require any human assistance to detect, recognize and track a person. This paper incorporates various algorithmic techniques used in order to make surveillance systems and their use cases so as to enable less human intervention dependent as much as possible. Even though many of these methods do carry out the task graciously, there are still quite a few obstructions such as computational resources required for model building, training time for the models, and many more issues that hinder the process and hence, constrain the possibility of easy implementation. In this paper, we also intend to shift the paradigm by providing evidence toward the use of technologies like Fog computing and edge computing coupled with the surveillance technology trends, which can help to achieve the goal in a sustainable manner with lesser overheads. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.