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Facile synthesis of novel antimony selenide nanocrystals with hierarchical architecture by physical vapor deposition technique
Stoichiometric antimony selenide (Sb 2 Se 3 ) nanocrystals have been successfully engineered by a facile physical vapor deposition method, employing a single precursor of polycrystalline Sb 2 Se 3 charge in a closed quartz ampoule under high vacuum without any foreign seed or extraneous chemical elements. This work underscores the efficacy of the vapor deposition process and provides synthetic strategies to scale down bulk Sb 2 Se 3 into novel nanostructures. The morphological evolution of the tailored architecture was examined on micro and nano size scales by scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The intrinsic mechanism governing the nanostructure formation is revealed as layer-by-layer growth, related to the unique layered structure of Sb 2 Se 3 . The optical properties of the grown crystals were probed by UVvisNIR and photoluminescence tools. The band-gap values of the microfibers, nanorods, nanooctahedra and nanospheres estimated from UVvisNIR analysis are found to be 1.25, 1.47, 1.51 and 1.75 eV, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive analysis by X-rays, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence studies confirmed the quality, phase purity and homogeneity of the as-grown nanostructures. The adopted physical vapor deposition method is thus shown to be a simple and elegant route which resulted in the enhancement of the band gap for the Sb 2 Se 3 samples compared with their counterparts grown by chemical methods. This approach has great potential for further applications in optoelectronics. International Union of Crystallography, 2019 -
Advancing Climate Services in South Asia: The SARCI Framework for Actionable Climate Information and Regional Capacity Building
South Asia, home to over a quarter of the global population, faces escalating climate risks that demand scientifically credible and actionable information. However, existing global climate models exhibit persistent temperature and precipitation biasesvariables central to impact assessmentsreaching up to 25% and 100% of their mean values, respectively, over this region, thereby limiting their reliability for climate-informed long-term planning. To address these limitations, we introduce the South Asia Regional Climate Information (SARCI) frameworka regionally optimized framework designed to deliver credible, high-fidelity climate information for South Asia. The framework features a customized atmospheric model, based on NCAR CESM/ CAM, with targeted improvements in deep convection, landatmosphere interactions, and gravity wave dynamicsprocesses linked to major regional biases. These enhancements are guided by empirical understanding of regional climate behavior and refined through rigorous model tuning to achieve regional improvements without compromising global performance. The customized model substantially improves simulations of temperature and precipitation, along with a more realistic representation of regional circulation. The framework further incorporates a synthesized lower-boundary forcing component derived from skill-based CMIP models, adjusted to reduce biases in its low-frequency variability. A statistical downscaling module then refines the projections to a quarter-degree resolution, providing fine-scale, policy-relevant regional climate information. The SARCI framework demonstrates how regional optimization, coproduction, and institutional capacity building can deliver credible, policy-relevant climate information for South Asia, with broader relevance for other regions of the Global South facing similar challenges. 2026 American Meteorological Society. -
COGNITIVE VS. BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IN ADHD: Executive Function Outcomes
This chapter explores the comparative effects of Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) and Behavioral Therapy (BT) on executive functions (EFs)in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Executive dysfunction, a key challenge in ADHD, impairs regulatory control, sustained attention, and task management. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design, the study involved eight children aged 712 years diagnosed with ADHD. Participants were purposively sampled and randomly assigned to CRT or BT interventions, delivered thrice weekly over three months. EF was assessed pre-and post-intervention using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-2). Results indicated that both therapies significantly improved executive functioning, but in different domains. CRT was more effective in enhancing working memory and cognitive flexibility, while BT demonstrated greater improvements in inhibitory control and behavioral regulation. These findings emphasize the complementary roles of CRT and BT in targeting distinct executive deficits in ADHD. 2026 selection and editorial matter, K. Jayasankara Reddy; individual chapters, the contributors. All rights reserved. -
QuiltCraft: A Computer Vision Framework for Sustainable Upcycling Waste Textiles into Artistic Quilts
QuiltCraft represents a pioneering approach where we aim to mitigate the pervasive childrens cloth crisis by ingeniously repurposing discarded cloth into captivating and artistic quilts. By harnessing the power of computer vision techniques, predominantly facilitated by using OpenCV and various Python libraries, our innovative system streamlines the intricate process of identifying cloth sizes, segmenting them into manageable pieces, and orchestrating their arrangement into visually stunning quilt designs. This paper explores the methodology, algorithms, and intricate implementation details underpinning the Quilt Craft framework, supplemented by empirical evidence attesting to its remarkable effectiveness. Through the seamless transformation of childrens clothes into captivating works of art, QuiltCraft not only champions the cause of waste reduction but also catalyzes advancing sustainable practices within the fashion industry. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Safety andWelfare of Children Under Institutional Care in India: A Situation Analysis
A large number of children worldwide live under institutional care due to certain compulsions. The reasons for institutional stay vary on the basis of geopolitical situations and the nature of the children. Some of the reasons include premature loss of parents, poverty, lack of social support, parents substance dependence, neglect, involvement of children in socially undesirable behaviour and/or violation of law, abuse, exploitation and so on. The broad objective of this chapter is to discuss the evolution of childcare measures adopted by the Government of India after independence, highlight upon the need for institutional care and examine the issues and challenges faced by the children under institutional care in India. At the end of the chapter, the way forward measures are suggested for ensuring safety of the children under institutional care, creating improved living environments for them and for creating congenial social and psychological environments through empowerment of the care providers, with knowledge and information for healthy child upbringing. Cooperation from the larger society, by involving retired persons in the institutions for education of the children is suggested, justifying the need for the same. For a holistic child growth and development, the need for extra-curricular activities, physical exercises, as well as group activities, are emphasized upon. Building resilience among these children to develop confidence and face life challenges are also discussed in the chapter. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022. -
Improved dragonfly optimizer for intrusion detection using deep clustering CNN-PSO classifier
With the rapid growth of internet based services and the data generated on these services are attracted by the attackers to intrude the networking services and information. Based on the characteristics of these intruders, many researchers attempted to aim to detect the intrusion with the help of automating process. Since, the large volume of data is generated and transferred through network, the security and performance are remained an issue. IDS (Intrusion Detection System) was developed to detect and prevent the intruders and secure the network systems. The performance and loss are still an issue because of the features space grows while detecting the intruders. In this paper, deep clustering based CNN have been used to detect the intruders with the help of Meta heuristic algorithms for feature selection and preprocessing. The proposed system includes three phases such as preprocessing, feature selection and classification. In the first phase, KDD dataset is preprocessed by using Binning normalization and Eigen-PCA based discretization method. In second phase, feature selection is performed by using Information Gain based Dragonfly Optimizer (IGDFO). Finally, Deep clustering based Convolutional Neural Network (CCNN) classifier optimized with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) identifies intrusion attacks efficiently. The clustering loss and network loss can be reduced with the optimization algorithm. We evaluate the proposed IDS model with the NSL-KDD dataset in terms of evaluation metrics. The experimental results show that proposed system achieves better performance compared with the existing system in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, f-measure and false detection rate. 2022 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved. -
Mindfulness-Based Emotional Intelligence : Impact on Psychological Well-Being of School Teachers
Psychological well-being of school teachers is vital for healthy student engagement and a conducive classroom environment. This study sought to understand the role of mindfulness and emotional intelligence in the newlinepsychological well-being of school teachers. It was conducted in two phases. The first phase, through the survey method, sought to establish the relationship between mindfulness, emotional intelligence, and newlinepsychological well-being of school teachers. 125 female school teachers from Bangalore, India, drawn through convenience sampling, were surveyed. The tools used were the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire, Assessing Emotions Scale, Scales of Psychological WellBeing, and demographic details sheet. Results revealed positive and newlinemoderate to strong associations between the variables (r = 0.38 to 0.65). Moreover, mindfulness and emotional intelligence explained 45% of the variance in psychological well-being, as opposed to 42% by mindfulness alone. The second phase was a pre and post-experimental study. After random assignment to study (N = 19) and comparison (N = 29) groups, the study group underwent a seven-session mindfulness-based emotional newlineintelligence intervention through an online platform. The participants were assessed on mindfulness, emotional intelligence, and psychological well-being before and after the intervention. Results revealed that emotional intelligence showed a significantly increased post-intervention, but mindfulness and psychological well-being did not. -
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AI and Real-Time Business Intelligence
Timely and accurate knowledge that can be provided to different stakeholders in an enterprise improves the performance and decision-making capabilities with better insight. The information, be it qualitative or quantitative, when made available to decision makers becomes the basis of the business intelligence (BI) that improves functionality, scalability and reliability. The knowledge is managed by application of various data warehousing techniques, and artificial intelligence comes into play by providing an ample number of data mining and machine learning techniques. The chapter aims at analyzing the origin, evolution and development of BI systems and their relationship with artificial intelligence (AI). The chapter also aims to provide new research horizons in the scientific activities and advancements in BI, knowledge management and analysis. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Hemachandran K., Raul V. Rodriguez, Umashankar Subramaniam, and Valentina Emilia Balas; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Energy Management System for EV Charging Infrastructure
The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a significant rise in the demand for efficient and sustainable charging infrastructure. Managing the energy supply to meet this growing demand while ensuring grid stability presents a critical challenge. This paper presents an energy management system designed for electric vehicle charging infrastructure that balances demand and supply in real time. The proposed system dynamically allocates available power to connected EVs based on their charging demands and the total power available, ensuring optimal utilization of energy resources. By simulating various scenarios, the system demonstrates its capability to prevent overloading, efficiently distribute power, and prioritize critical energy needs. The results of the simulation show that the system can effectively manage power distribution, reduce peak load impact, and enhance the reliability of EV charging networks. This approach offers a scalable and adaptable solution for integrating EVs into the existing power grid, contributing to the development of smart and sustainable transportation systems. The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. -
The LimbuTamang Communities of Sikkim History and Future of Their Demand for Reservation
Since its merger in 1975 with the Indian union, one of the major sociopolitical issues in Sikkim has been the demand for reservation in the state legislative assembly for two communitiesLimbu and Tamang. The demand of reservation for the Limbus and Tamangs crystallised in Sikkim when these communities were notified as Scheduled Tribes under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 2002. The history and future of this political demand has been analysed. 2023 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
DC-DC and DC-AC Converters with Bi-Directional Capabilities for EV Applications
Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of a compact bidirectional DC-DC converter coupled with a DC-AC inverter for electric vehicle (EV) motor-drive applications. Both propulsion and regenerative braking modes are made possible by the suggested architecture, which facilitates smooth power transfer between a 48 V battery and a series- wound AC motor. Additionally, the inverter provides controlled AC stimulation for a dependable motor operation, while a high- efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter controls battery power flow during acceleration and recovers energy during braking. In order to maintain dynamic stability under changing load circumstances, an Arduino Nano microcontroller uses a proportional-integral (PI) control method to regulate motor speed and current. Cross-conduction losses are decreased and MOSFET switching safety is improved by customized PWM pulse generation with dead-time insertion. 2026 IEEE. -
Compression Based Modeling for Classification of Text Documents
Classification of text data one of the well known, interesting research topic in computer science and knowledge engineering. This research article, address the classification of text files issue using lzw text compression algorithms. LZW is a lossless compression technique which requires two pass on the input data. These two passes are treated separately as training stage and text stage for classification of text data. The proposed compression based classification technique is tested on publically available datasets. Results of the experiments shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. 2019, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Engineering Ru(ii) Schiff base complexes as biofunctional materials: cytotoxic and cell imaging perspectives
Four bromine-substituted Ru(ii)-arene Schiff base complexes derived from bromo-picolinaldehyde and 3-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-1-amine were examined for their cytotoxic behaviour toward cervical cancer (SiHa) and normal fibroblast (3T3-L1) cells using MTT-based in vitro assays. The ligands and complexes were comprehensively characterized by FTIR; 1H, 13C, and 19F NMR; and ESI-LCMS analyses. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) confirmed the molecular structure of complex 3, while PXRD validated the crystalline nature of complexes 2 and 4. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further supported the experimental data by revealing optimized geometries and key electronic descriptors. All complexes exhibited time- and dose-dependent anticancer effects, with complexes 24 showing the greatest cytotoxicity toward the SiHa cells (viability at 72 h: 20% 3%, 31% 3%, and 29% 3%, respectively) while maintaining high viability in normal fibroblasts (>90%). The IC50 values for complexes 14 were 19.54 2, 14.21 4, 12.43 4, and 12.43 4 M, respectively. Acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EtBr) staining and morphological analyses confirmed apoptosis as the primary mechanism of cell death, as evidenced by reduced adhesion, membrane blebbing, and cell rounding. The pronounced and selective cytotoxicity of these bromine-substituted Ru(ii) complexes highlights their potential as promising biomaterial candidates for targeted anticancer therapy. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2026 -
Anticancer potential of Ru(II) Schiff base complexes derived from picolinaldehyde and pyrazolyl amines: structural characterization and selective cytotoxicity toward SiHa cells
Herein, we report the synthesis, complete structural characterization including spectroscopic and computational analyses, and in vitro anticancer efficacy assessment of three Ru(II) complexes against cervical carcinoma (SiHa) cell lines. Various spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR and ESI-LCMS mass spectrometry were used to thoroughly characterize the synthesized ligands and the complexes. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into their optimized geometry and electronic parameters, which were consistent with experimental observations. The cytotoxicity of three Ru(II) complexes was evaluated against SiHa and normal fibroblast (3T3-L1) cells using MTT assays at concentrations of 10100 g/mL for 2472 h, with 20 g/mL used for detailed temporal evaluation. All complexes showed strong, dose and time dependent cytotoxicity, reducing SiHa cell viability to 24 4%, 23 6%, and 33 5% respectively for complex 1, 2 and 3 after 72 h, while maintaining >90% viability in fibroblasts. The IC?? values for complex 1, 2 and 3 (8.7 2.5, 8.4 2.3, and 7.8 1.5 g/mL) confirmed high potency and selectivity. Acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining indicated apoptosis as the main cell death pathway, supported by morphological changes such as membrane blebbing and rounding. The DNA binding studies reveal that all the complexes have strong affinity toward DNA and interacted through intercalation mode. These findings highlight the complexes as selective and promising anticancer agents. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Design and synthesis of bioactive Ru(II) complexes: antibacterial activity, biocompatibility and biomolecular binding
Ruthenium(ii) complexes with N- and S-donor ligands have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics due to their stability, biocompatibility, and ability to interact with biological macromolecules. In this work, a series of four Ru(ii)thiazolidine complexes, [Ru(ii)(L1L4)(p-cymene)Cl]PF6, were synthesized and structurally characterized using spectroscopic techniques and X-ray crystallography. Their interactions with DNA and proteins showed partial groove binding with calf thymus DNA and a static quenching mechanism with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Biological investigations revealed that two of the complexes exhibited strong antioxidant activity and significant antibacterial effects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Klebsiella pneumonia (KP). Moreover, hemolysis assays confirmed their favourable biocompatibility. These results highlight Ru(ii)thiazolidine frameworks as promising candidates for antimicrobial drug development. This study not only underscores their therapeutic potential but also advances the role of ruthenium-based coordination chemistry in addressing the persistent challenge of antibiotic resistance. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025 -
Urbanisation and Quality of Life: A Comparative Assessment between Developed and Developing Countries
It is widely accepted that rapid and haphazard urbanisation of the planet is the most concrete and finite phenomenon of the changes in global human settlement patterns. Urbanisation, like all human-induced modifications, is a response to socioeconomic, political, or environmental circumstances and is marked by an unprecedented concentration of people in urban areas (Davis and Golden 1954, Oteng-Ababio and Agyemang 2012, Zhang 2016). In general, urbanisation depicts the shift from a rural economy, way of life, and culture to an urban one, often referred to as the proportionate expansion of the urban population. This process occurs during globalisation, as people migrate to urban areas for opportunities and a higher quality of life (Davis 1965, Zhang 2016). While the procedure of urban development in developed nations has been extremely sluggish due to industrial and agrarian revolutions, higher incomes, and high living standards. However, developing nations are experiencing rapid urbanisation due to the expansion of their service sectors, rather than industrialisation (Macbeth and Collinson 2002). Davis and Golden (1954) coined the word over-urbanisation to describe the simultaneous existence of urban misery and rural poverty. Raza and Kundu (1978) argued that urban accumulation and unstable urbanisation lead to population concentration in large cities without increasing their economic foundations (Ray 2017). Worldwide, urbanisation is accelerating quickly, with only 2% of people living in cities in 1800 and 15% in 1900. The 20th century saw significant changes, with urban population growth picking up in the 1950s. By 2008, 3.3 billion people lived in urban areas, marking a historical first. By 2030, it is predicted that more than 6 billion people or 69% of the worlds population will reside in urban areas (UNFPA 2007, UN-Habitat 2008, United Nations 2010, UNDESA 2011, Oteng-Ababio and Ernest 2012, Zhang 2016, https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink xlink:href=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/world/agglomerations/">https://www.citypopulation.de/en/world/agglomerations/). The 2011 Global Report of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme highlights the detrimental effects of urbanisation and climate change on social, economic, and living standards of people and human settlements (UNHABITAT 2011, Yu 2014). Nowadays, a sizable portion of this urban population resides in peri-urban areas, making the management of peri-urbanisation one of the most important concerns in 21st-century sustainable urban development (United Nations 2001, Webster 2002, Dayaratne and Samarawickrama 2003, Webster and Muller 2004, Lin 2006, Aguilar 2008, Watson 2009, Zhao 2013). Prior to 1950, developed countries experienced majority of urbanisation due to industrialisation in Europe and North America in the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, this trend continues (Zhang 2016, https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink xlink:href=https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/society/urbanization-in-developed-and-developing-countries-around-the-world/4678">https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/society/urbanization-in-developed-and-developing-countries-around-the-world/4678). Now, urbanisation is causing significant impacts on developing nations, with Asia, Africa, and Latin America predicted to account for 54%, 32.5%, and 6.8% of the global increase in urban population, respectively, with the developing world accounting for 93% of projected urban population growth (Zhang 2016). The largest cities in these nations have instead absorbed the urban growth in the developing world (Diego 2009). According to a 2007 UN survey revealed that 88% of developing countries find urban population distribution unacceptable, and the proportion of nations implementing migration restrictions increased from 44% to 74% (Annez and Buckley 2009, Zhang 2016). 2025 selection and editorial matter, Uday Chatterjee, Avishek Bhunia, Jyothi Gupta and Krishnendu Gupta; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Relationship Between Industry-Associated Value Premium and Firm Risk Charaterstics on Stock Returns : Evidence From Indian Stock Market
The body of academic literature consistently debates that firms with low PB (price to book) outperform firms with high PB characteristics. This study examines whether the academic literature-promised value premium has any industry association in the Indian equity market and tests the existence of other anomalies: size, investment, profitability, and R&D, in explaining the cross-sectional variability of stock returns. The study considers all BSE-listed firms actively trading between 1999-2021, using time-series, multivariate, and cross-sectional models on each industry-level portfolio. Results indicated that a significant value premium exists in 18 out of 21 industry groups. Both industry and firm-level value premiums are identified; however, the firm-level premium seems more prominent. The value premium is most substantial in small-cap value stocks of value-and-growth-oriented industries, large-cap value stocks of value-oriented industry groups, then small-cap growth stocks of value-and growth-oriented industries and large-cap growth stocks of value- and growth-oriented industries. Interestingly, the sub-period analysis revealed variation in the value premium, indicating that the industry-associated value premium has been relatively low in the current decade. It is due to decreasing tendencies in industry returns and increasing PB in industries. The study explores R&D premium and compares existing factor premiums. Results showed that India's annualized average R&D premium is significantly higher than the current value, profitability, size, and investment premiums, particularly for highly R&D intensive firms. To check the robustness of the findings, the study used the multivariate GRS (Gibbons Ross Shanken) test and the regression models. It confirmed that size and value premiums are the most prominent determinants of industry-level equity returns. The profitability and investment premiums also influence industries' returns. Investors who seek to allocate assets within and across industries are likely to have predictable and stable returns. -
Biofunctional TiVO4chitosanL-histidine hybrid nanomaterials for enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer applications
The growing pervasiveness of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and the limitations of conventional chemotherapeutics demand the development of multifunctional nanomaterials with enhanced efficacy and biocompatibility. In this study, titanium vanadate (TiVO4) nanoparticles and TiVO4chitosanL-histidine (TiVO4CsLH) HNM's were successfully synthesized via a wet chemical solgel route followed by surface functionalization. Structural analysis confirmed the formation of phase-pure tetragonal TiVO4 with an average crystallite size of ?38 nm, which was significantly reduced to ?24 nm upon CsLH functionalization. UVVisible spectroscopy revealed band gap narrowing from 4.75 eV (TiVO4) to 4.15 eV (TiVO4CsLH), indicating modified electronic structure and improved light absorption. The TiVO4CsLH HNM's exhibited superior broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 18 to 19 mm against Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal strain, outperforming TiVO4. In vitro anticancer evaluation against MCF-7 breast cancer cells demonstrated pronounced concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values decreasing from 29.8 ?g mL?1 (24 h) to 20.6 ?g mL?1 (72 h), significantly lower than those of TiVO4. Biocompatibility studies using L929 fibroblast cells revealed high cell viability (>82%) even at 60 ?g mL?1, which confirms the selective anticancer activity of TiVO4-Cs-LH HNMs. The enhanced biological performance of the TiVO4CsLH HNM's arose from synergistic effects of reduced crystallite size, improved dispersion, defect-assisted charge separation, and biofunctional surface chemistry, making it a promising candidate for antimicrobial and anticancer applications. 2026 Elsevier B.V. -
Development of biocompatible NiTi@?-TCP nanocomposite with improved antibacterial and anticancer activities for bone-related biomedical applications
In the present study, ?-TCP and NiTi@?-TCP nanocomposite were synthesized using a modified solgel method. DLS analysis revealed hydrodynamic particle sizes of ?290 nm for ?-TCP and ?231 nm for NiTi@?-TCP, suggesting improved dispersion after NiTi modification. Optical studies showed a red shift in UVVis absorption from 321 nm (?-TCP) to 396 nm (NiTi@?-TCP) with a reduced band gap from 3.8 eV to 3.1 eV, indicating enhanced electronic interactions. Morphological analysis using SEM and HRTEM revealed nanoscale particles (?1530 nm) with clear lattice fringes and polycrystalline diffraction patterns. The NiTi@?-TCP nanocomposite exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli, producing inhibition zones of 17, 13, 14, and 12 mm, respectively, compared with approximately 10 mm for pure ?-TCP. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values for S. aureus were 0.3 mg mL? and 0.5 mg mL? for NiTi@?-TCP, respectively, which were lower than those of ?-TCP (MIC 0.5 mg mL?; MBC 0.7 mg mL?). Histidine scavenger experiments demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dominant role in bacterial inhibition. Biocompatibility studies using L929 fibroblast cells showed high cell viability (>87% at 150 ?g mL?), confirming good cytocompatibility. In contrast, the nanocomposite exhibited enhanced anticancer activity against MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, with an IC?? value of 115 ?g mL?, compared with 138 ?g mL? for ?-TCP. These results demonstrate that NiTi@?-TCP nanocomposite possesses improved antibacterial and anticancer properties while maintaining good biocompatibility, making it a promising multifunctional biomaterial for biomedical and bone-related therapeutic applications. 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.