Browse Items (14421 total)
Sort by:
-
Development and validation of middle school under performers checklist in India through virtual platforms post-COVID-19
Education is a holistic development that must be nurtured through hybrid or virtual educational practices. The pandemic brought a sense of psychosocial distress among teenagers that urged the need to understand these psychosocial competencies. Often, our Indian education system is unable to assess the challenging psychosocial competencies of learners in varied learning platforms. Hence, there is a need in todays context to harness adolescents holistic learning to be more flexible, and interactive with innovative instructional methodologies, creative assessment strategies, and virtual resource tools. These psychosocial open learning resources need to be advocated by educators and counsellors for the well-being of teenagers. Thus, this quantitative study aimed to develop a checklist to identify the psychosocial concerns of underperformers in an open learning system. Hence, educators and counsellors must be equipped to recognise their psychosocial concerns to handhold them into becoming autonomous thinkers and contributors in their society. This would further establish the seed of sustainability. Thus, this study aimed to develop and validate a checklist as a psychometric measure to identify middle school underperformers social and personal abilities. The study group comprised 359 school educators and counsellors in Bangalore and Mashed, India (299 educators and 60 counsellors). The checklist was developed using Develop (2016) and Oldenburgs principles of scale development (2021). The Cranach coefficient of the checklist was.924 for 12 items. The statistical results indicated the validation of the checklist as a tool for identifying psychosocial challenges of eighth-grade underperformers as reliable. Exploratory Factor Analysis reduced these items into two distinctive factors. The findings suggest that the checklist can be used as an innovative educational toolkit to identify middle school underperformers personal and social abilities. Further experimentation of this study can be taken up with a larger intergenerational population. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Asma Parveen and Rajesh Verma; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Development and validation of multi-dimensional scale of grit
Positive psychology nurtures the potent qualities of individuals and aids them in carving a niche for themselves. Based on this theoretical foundation, a non-cognitive trait-like grit plays an imperative role in attaining high achievement. Previous studies have identified three dimensions of grit: perseverance of effort, consistency of interest and adaptability to situations. Recent research has criticized the dimension consistency of interest in a collectivist context. The present study provides an account of grit in view of eastern perspectives to check the suitability of the construct in India. Current findings provide a framework for the development and validation of Multi-Dimensional Scale of Grit reveals four dimensions of grit, namely, adaptability to situation, perseverance of effort, spirited initiative and steadfastness in adverse situations. It also provides an insight regarding the duration of goal attainment with respect to grit. The research conducted over three studies included Indian university students to develop and examine the psychometric properties of grit. Study 1 focused on item analysis and development of the factor structure through exploratory factor analysis. Study 2 confirmed the previously obtained factor structure through confirmatory factor analysis. In study 3, the psychometric properties of the scale were measured through test-retest reliability and validity, criterion, convergent and divergent. Results indicated that Multi-Dimensional Scale of Grit is a reliable and valid measure. It also indicated that the obtained 12 items and four dimensions were in synchronization with the relevant eastern perspective. 2021 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. -
Development and validation of screening tool for excessive and problematic use of internet and digital devices (STEPS-IDD) based on the WHO framework (ICD-11) for addictive behaviours
Background: The widespread use of internet and digital devices has been accompanied by growing concern regarding harms associated with their excessive or problematic use. The World Health Organization has also formally included some of these in its latest classificatory system (ICD-11) under the category of disorders due to addictive behaviours. However, a validated, comprehensive screening tool aligned with ICD-11 that screens for these potentially addictive behaviours is lacking. This study aimed to develop and validate the Screening Tool for Excessive and Problematic use of Internet and Digital Devices (STEPS-IDD), designed to assess multiple addictive behaviours based on ICD-11 criteria. Methods: STEPS-IDD was developed based on the ICD-11 framework for disorders due to addictive behaviours It was applied to assess well-established behavioural addictions like gaming and gambling disorder, as well as less-established but widely researched ones such as problematic use of social media, online shopping/buying, OTT content watching, and pornography watching. Face validity was established through expert review and feedback. Construct validity was evaluated through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were estimated to assess internal consistency. To examine concurrent validity, correlations between scores obtained on the newly developed STEPS-IDD sub-sections and the previously validated Gaming Disorder and Hazardous Gaming Scale (GDHGS) and modified GDHGS for other behaviours were assessed. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to determine optimal STEPS-IDD cut-off scores for different behaviours. Results: Data from a total of 112 college students (64.3% female) with a mean age of 20.5 years were analyzed. STEPS-IDD demonstrated good construct validity, with EFA revealing predominantly unidimensional factor structure for most behavioural domains. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's ? = 0.860.91 across sub-sections). Concurrent validity was supported by moderate to strong positive correlations (r = 0.440.76) of STEPS-IDD sub-sections with corresponding GDHGS and modified GDHGS scores. ROC analyses yielded optimal cut-off scores with high sensitivity and acceptable specificity for different behaviours, and fair to excellent overall diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: STEPS-IDD is a psychometrically robust, brief yet comprehensive screening tool grounded in the ICD-11 framework, for the risk stratification in the context of addictive behaviours related to the use of the internet and digital devices. 2026 Balhara, Singh, Majumdar, Ayoob and Singh. -
Development and Validation of Service-Learning Experience Scale
The growing integration of service-learning into academic content reflects higher education institutions efforts to provide an environment that strengthens teaching, learning, and service to the community. This research article documents the development and testing of an instrument that measures service-learning experiences among higher education students in India. Our study involved the voluntary participation of 290 students; data was collected through Google Forms. The resulting scale measures six major aspects of students experiences in service-learning projects: curriculum, meaningful service, student learning and reflection, faculty support and involvement, peer support and participation, and accomplishment. The demonstrated scale showed an adequate degree of reliability. The content validity confirmed that positive experience is accounted for by service-learning projects, which is the objective of the instrument. The study will be valuable for faculty members to create effective service-learning courses and help students engage in such activities in an organized manner. Copyright 2025 by the University of Georgia. -
Development and validation of superstitious beliefs scale
Superstitions though considered as irrational beliefs are widely prevalent in all cultures. Most of the existing work on superstitions are predominantly based on traditional western beliefs. The relevance of established superstition scales which are developed in western societies in collective societies need to explored. Interdependent nature of self which is a characteristic of collectivistic culture also has a role in belief formation. The present study aims at developing a new self-report measure of superstitious beliefs scale. Study 1, focused on exploring the factor structure and establishing reliability over a sample of 338 undergraduate students. The 17-item Superstitious Belief Scale (SBS) developed distinguishes a six-factor structure namely, Popular Beliefs, Belief in Good Luck, Belief in Bad Luck, Personal Superstitions and Social Superstitions. The six-factor structure was evaluated on a new sample (N = 483) using confirmatory factor analysis in Study 2. The internal consistency values of the new SBS over Studies 1 and 2 indicated high reliability. The findings have important implications for existing theory on superstitions. The new framework proposes and demonstrates the need to base the understanding of measurement of superstitious beliefs relevant in India. AesthetixMS 2020. -
Development and Validation of the Brief Financial Resilience Scale
Financial resilience refers to the ability to withstand and recover from financial adversity. Despite its increasing relevance, there is a notable lack of well-constructed and psychometrically validated tools to measure this construct. This study aimed to develop and validate the Brief Financial Resilience Scale (BFRS), based on Salignac et al. (Social Indicators Research, 145(1), 1738, 2019) multidimensional framework. The process involved content validation using Lawshes method, followed by item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis using data from a community sample of 433 Indian millennials. The results support a two-dimensional structure: (a) financial resources and access, and (b) financial knowledge and behavior. The final 10-item BFRS demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbachs alpha = 0.885) and construct validity. The scale would be useful for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in identifying vulnerabilities and design targeted interventions within diverse socioeconomic contexts. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025. -
Development and Validation of the Multidimensional Psychosocial Risk Screen (MPRS): An Approach towards Primary Prevention
Background: The prevalence of mental health problems in adolescents has been identified as a global concern. Early screening and identification can offer benefits in terms of primary prevention and reduced healthcare costs. This study aimed to develop a tool to assess the risk of developing mental health problems in adolescents. Methods: The study followed an exploratory sequential design and was divided into five phases. The Multidimensional Psychosocial Risk Screen (MPRS) is a newly developed self-report measure. The various steps in its development and validation have been elaborated. The MPRS was evaluated with a sample of 934 adolescents aged 12-18, spread across the 8th-12th grade. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a robust factor structure. The extracted five factors were named as Parent-Child Relationship (PCR), Self-Concept (SC), Teacher-Student Dynamics (TSD), Social Media Use (SMU), and Peer Interaction (PI). The reliability of the subscales ranged from 0.60 to 0.80. The overall reliability of the scale was good (a = 0.87). Convergent validity of the scale was established using standard measures of risk factors and emotional and behavioural problems. Conclusions: The MPRS can be considered an effective tool with an adequate factor structure and good psychometric properties. It can be beneficial in the early detection of vulnerabilities to mental health problems in adolescents and, therefore, seen as a key element in primary prevention and fostering individualized interventions. 2023 The Author(s). -
Development and Validation of the Social Media Self-Esteem Scale for Adolescents
Development of the self is a vital aspect during the period of adolescence. Interaction with peers contributes to the development of various aspects of self. Due to the technological advances in todays times, adolescents interact with their peers through social media sites and portals. It is essential to study this development in light of the increasing use of social media by adolescence. Thus, the study aimed at developing an item pool to tap the construct of social media influencing self-esteem of adolescents following the procedure of tool construction. Participants included adolescents ranging between 16 to 18 years of age, who have at least one social media account for personal use. There were 110 participants for the first phase and 397 participants for the second phase of the study. The scale has eight items with the overall reliability of .7. It indicates a fitting measure of self-esteem influenced by social media, with looking-glass self theory, according to which individuals develop their self, based on their perceptions of others responses to their behaviour. Copyright 2020, IGI Global. -
Development and Validation of the UV-Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cordycepin, a Nucleoside
The primary, bioactive component of Cordyceps militaris, known as cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), has been utilized extensively as a traditional medicinal ingredient and a nutritious diet in Asian nations. To determine the amount of cordycepin in the C. militaris, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is shown to be an effective, sensitive, and straightforward analytical technique. Other methods for estimating cordycepin include near infrared spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresismass spectrometry. The UV-Vis spectroscopy approach was used to quantify cordycepin, and the results were statistically confirmed and compared with an HPLC method. For linearity, repeatability, precision, reproducibility, limit of detection and limit of quantification, the method was verified. The established approach can be utilized for routine, quality control analysis of cordycepin, as it is easy to use, sensitive, accurate, precise, repeatable, and most importantly, cost-effective. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
Development and Validation of Work Environment Services Scale (WESS)
Purpose: This study presents a nine-factor, 32-item measure of work environment scale in the service sector. A healthy work environment is one in which employees trust the people they work for, have pride in what they do, and enjoy working with the people (Levering and Moskowitz, 2004). Methodology: This instrument builds on the conceptual model espoused by Insel and Moos (1974), Gordon (1973), Fletcher and Nusbaum (2010), Amabile et al. (1996), and Spector (2003). The scale included items elicited through a literature review, the use of the Delphi technique with a panel of experts, and tested on 824 full-time employees from nine service sector industries and five major cities in India. Findings: The Work Environment Services Scale (WESS) is a reliable and valid scale useful for measuring the nine work environment factors in the Indian services organization, with its own norms and a detailed manual. Originality/Value: The prevailing scales for measuring work environment do not capture the influence of ethics, recreation facilities, and the impact of social giving on the work environment. Most scales were suitable for sectors in the Western context, and there were no Indian scales measuring service employees' perception of their work environment. 2021 Harold Andrew Patrick et al., published by Sciendo 2021. -
Development and validation procedure of the higher educational facilities scale (HEFS)
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale to assess the influence of Higher Educational Facilities for the growth of education in higher education institutions. Design/methodology/approach: The first step in the process of scale development is to generate an item pool containing as many items as possible which captures the construct of interest. A total of 111 items were constructed for the initial try-out of the scale measuring the construct of higher educational facilities. This rating scale was based on the Likert-type was designed, where each item had to be rated on a five-point scale. The scale consisted of a few items involving the dimensions of infrastructure, quality assessment and quality assurance regard to the vision actualization. Findings: Higher Educational Facilities Scale (HEFS) was developed by the investigator and designed in the format of a 5-point rating scale of the Likert type. There are different phases identified for the scale construction. In the first phase, items are created and the contents validity is determined. The scale is constructed in the second phase. Pre-testing the questions, administering the survey, reducing the number of items and determining how many factors the scale captures are all steps in the scale construction process. The number of dimensions, reliability and validity are all verified in the third phase, scale evaluation. In developing the scale, the content and face validity was ascertained. The reliability of the scale and its three subscales were established. This scale has potential value for policymakers to assess the perception held by the religious faculty members working in higher education institutions. Originality/value: The research is part of the doctoral thesis by Dr Deepa Thomas under the supervision of Dr Fr. Joseph C. C. and the co-supervision of Dr Kennedy Andrew Thomas. The purpose of the scale is to assess the higher educational facilities of in institutions of higher Education. Quality, excellence and service are the vision and purpose of higher education institutions to provide ample opportunities and good facilities for their beneficiaries, thus creating tremendous changes in the Indian education scenario. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Development challenges for agriculture in Maharashtra
Maharashtra is heralded as one of the economically advanced states, but this illusion crashed under the attack of COVID-19 virus and economic deterioration is expected to follow. It is argued here that the state policy dished out a raw deal to the agricultural sector and set the sector under severe stress. The path of this retrogression, reasons behind the trends and the possible policy platform for the last six decades are traced. Stagnation has gripped the agricultural sector, and it is losing cultivable land to other uses. This is accompanied by a sharp increase in small and marginal holdings. Surprisingly, the state has no agricultural policy document in place and the sector largely depends on only sporadic firefighting approaches with a policy paralysis. 2020 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
Development of ?-carrageenan-based transparent and absorbent biodegradable films for wound dressing applications
Wound healing remains a critical challenge in healthcare, requiring advanced wound dressings with superior properties like transparency, absorbency, and biocompatibility. However, gaps exist in the use of marine-derived biopolymers for sustainable dressings. This study addresses this gap by combining ?-carrageenan (KC) with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to develop transparent and absorbent biodegradable films through solvent casting and lyophilization techniques. Lyophilized films exhibited superior absorbency (9.17 g/cm2) and moisture management, with a water vapour transmission rate of 3990.67 g/m2/24 h, while solvent-cast films showed 78 % transmittance, enabling wound visualization. Mechanical testing revealed high tensile strength (31.5 MPa) and folding endurance (410 folds), ensuring durability. In vitro bactericidal assays confirmed efficacy against MRSA and E. coli, and in vivo tests on Wistar rats showed complete wound healing within 16 days with 91.1 % closure, outperforming untreated controls (76.7 %). This is the first study to explore lyophilized KC-PVP films for wound dressing applications, demonstrating potential for drug release, absorbency, and biodegradability. The innovative combination of biopolymers and fabrication techniques offers a sustainable, high-performance solution for wound care. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Development of a Comprehensive Technology for Analyzing Data on the Used Car Market
In today's information society, organizations face a huge amount of data that requires analysis and intelligent technologies to make informed decisions. In this paper, the authors consider the problem of analyzing the used car market using big and open data technologies. The used car market has characteristics characterized by heterogeneity and dynamic demand depending on the region. This problem is relevant and important not only for companies involved in producing and selling cars but also for potential buyers. The authors developed a comprehensive data analysis technique based on the Python programming language and the K-means clustering algorithm in the research process. In the article, the authors described a comprehensive technology for analyzing the used car market, including various analysis methods, such as prices, offers, and competition. The proposed comprehensive technology includes various tools and programs for collecting, processing, and analyzing data. These methods can be combined into a single system, providing a more complete picture of the market and making more informed decisions. The structure of the study reflects an independent approach to the topic under study based on open data and research by Russian and foreign scientists. It should be noted that the study is based on a large amount of analytical data obtained from reliable sources and tools that confirm the conclusions formulated in this study. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Development of a fluorescent scaffold by utilizing quercetin template for selective detection of Hg2+: Experimental and theoretical studies along with live cell imaging
Quercetin is an important antioxidant with high bioactivity and it has been used as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor significantly. Quercetin, one of the most abundant flavonoids in nature, has been in the spot of numerous experimental and theoretical studies in the past decade due to its great biological and medicinal importance. But there have been limited instances of employing quercetin and its derivatives as a fluorescent framework for specific detection of various cations and anions in the chemosensing field. Therefore, we have developed a novel chemosensor based on quercetin coupled benzyl ethers (QBE) for selective detection of Hg2+ with naked-eye colorimetric and turn-on fluorometric response. Initially QBE itself exhibited very weak fluorescence with low quantum yield (? = 0.009) due to operating photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and inhibition of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) as well as intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) within the molecule. But in presence of Hg2+, QBE showed a sharp increase in fluorescence intensity by 18-fold at wavelength 444 nm with high quantum yield (? = 0.159) for the chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) with coordination of Hg2+, which hampers PET within the molecule. The strong binding affinity of QBE towards Hg2+ has been proved by lower detection limit at 8.47 M and high binding constant value as 2 104 M?1. The binding mechanism has been verified by DFT study, Cyclic voltammograms and Jobs plot analysis. For the practical application, the binding selectivity of QBE with Hg2+ has been capitalized in physiological medium to detect intracellular Hg2+ levels in living plant tissue by using green gram seeds. Thus, employing QBE as a fluorescent chemosensor for the specific identification of Hg2+ will pave the way for a novel approach to simplifying the creation of various chemosensors based on quercetin backbone for the precise detection of various biologically significant analytes. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Development of a natural product-based selective fluorescent sensor for Cu2+ and DNA/protein: insights from docking, DFT, cellular imaging and anticancer activity
The natural product seselin (SS), was synthesized and characterized spectroscopically for the selective detection of Cu2+ and biomolecules such as ct-DNA and BSA. The probe exhibits strong bluish emission in a MeOH-H2O (7 : 3, v/v) HEPES buffer solution (pH 7.4) at 453 nm. Upon exposure to Cu2+, the SS solution shows a selective fluorescence turn-off with a binding constant of 2.13 105 M?1 and a detection limit of 3.48 10?8 M. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the probe SS decreases from ?E = 7.97 eV to ?E = 7.77 eV upon binding with Cu2+, indicating enhanced stability due to ligand-metal complex formation. Significantly, the ligand SS exhibits fluorescence enhancement in the presence of ct-DNA and BSA, resulting in a visible fluorescence change from colorless to blue, with binding constants of 4.8 104 M?1 and 4.7 104 M?1, respectively. The binding interactions of SS with biomacromolecules have been explored through molecular docking studies, revealing that the probe can serve as a promising anti-cancer and anti-viral agent. Furthermore, the probe SS demonstrates potent anticancer activity in treatments involving MCF-7 and HLC cells. Additionally, the probe SS is capable of detecting intracellular Cu2+ in live MCF-7 cell lines. 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry. -
Development of a scorecard to measure the satisfaction and happiness in higher education
This study aims to identify and test the antecedents affecting students' satisfaction and its relationship with happiness. A conceptual model was designed with the dimensions such as happiness, recognition, gratitude, physical health, and negative emotion to measure students' satisfaction. Martin Seligman's 'theory of well-being' was employed to measure the happiness of the students. Data was collected from 202 respondents and a structural equation modelling (SEM) approach was employed for analysis. The results of the study indicate that physical health, gratitude, and negative emotion influence the satisfaction of students in higher education. It was found that positive emotion and relationships have a significant influence on the happiness of the students. A relationship between satisfaction and happiness was developed. In extension to the present study's findings, a model and scorecard are proposed that can be used to measure the happiness and satisfaction of students in higher educational institutions in India. 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Development of a Supported Education Program for Students with Severe Mental Disorders in India
Background: The onset of severe mental disorders (SMDs) is during adolescence or young adulthood, which affects the well-being and the educational aspirations of the students. Models of supported education practiced in the West are not culturally suitable for Indian students or the Indian education system. This study aimed to develop a Supported Education Program (SEP) for students with SMDs to help them with academic reintegration in an Indian context. Methods and Material: To develop the SEP, a realist review was done, followed by an in-depth interview with eight mental health professionals (MHP) and nine lecturers, using a validated interview script. After each interview, interim analysis and modifications were done to improve the rigor of the interview. After all interviews, the SEP was circulated for a second round of iteration for consensual validation by four mental health experts. The outcome of the entire process was the final version of SEP for students with SMDs. Results: The final SEP had two broad themes and 18 subthemes from the qualitative thematic analysis: theme 1 included issues and strategies relevant to the client or caregivers, and theme 2 was pertinent to the education system. Conclusion: The SEP developed and validated for people with SMDs has distinctive components: one for the individual and caregiver and the other for the educational system. 2020 Indian Psychiatric Society - South Zonal Branch. -
Development of a Thin Layer Chromatography method to detect the presence of spiked Steroid drugs in Herbal Crude extracts
This study aimed to develop a better, faster and more efficient TLC method for detecting steroids in the herbal samples. The steroid drugs dexamethasone and prednisolone were considered possible adulterants and were spiked into herbal extracts of neem and amla. Optimization of the TLC mobile phases for better resolution for prominent visualisation of spots was performed with several combinations of solventsnamely, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, toluene, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetic acid and petroleum ether and, spray reagents such as iodine, potassium permanganate, sulphuric acid and, methanol. The optimal result was obtained using chloroform and methanol (9:1, v/v) as the mobile phase and methanol-sulphuric acid (9:1, v/v) as the spraying agent. The method was also able to separate a mixture of dexamethasone and prednisolone in the ratio of 1:1. The retention factors (Rf) for the steroids dexamethasone and prednisolone were within the range of 0.50-0.55 and 0.73-0.83 respectively. The lowest detection limit for the steroid drugs when mixed with herbal samples (neem and amla) was 0.1 g/ml. The developed TLC method is robust and can be conveniently utilised for detecting steroid adulterants in herbal samples. 2026, World Researchers Associations. All rights reserved. -
Development of a VR-Based Solid Waste Management Awareness Platform Utilizing YOLOv12 and MSCNN
Waste management is not an issue concerning an individual but a collective responsibility. It refers to our environment. Our project, 'Solid Waste Management,' verifies the efficacy of virtual reality, a novel learning modality for the user, acquiring knowledge of waste segregation and the right way of waste disposal simulation through virtual reality. The implication of virtual reality's addition into the educational system was analyzed through the acceptance of the model and the acquisition of knowledge through the task performed by the user. The simulation and the environment of virtual reality are implemented through the use of Spatial Awareness, Haptic Simulation, Hand Tracking using HCI, and Immersive Learning Environment for a genuine simulation experience for the user. The simulation environment and software were developed using the Unity environment creating a gamified world using a 3D environment and the Blender software used for the development of the 3D models. The simulation environment's implementation into the various HMD devices also used the OpenXR plugin. The simulation is further segmented into two parts: interior and exterior waste management. This novel simulation technique will not only enable the acquisition of the most requisite skills of waste segregation but also the acquisition of environment knowledge and the promotion of people towards sustainable practices. 2026 IEEE.