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Exploring the inhibition performance of tetrachloroferrate ionic liquid in acid environment using scanning electrochemical microscope and theoretical approaches
The corrosion inhibition performance of carbon steel by Benzyltributylammonium tetrachloroferrate ([BTBA]+[FeCl4]?)was investigated in 1 N HCl solution and compared with theoretical results. The electrochemical impedance results showed that [BTBA]+[FeCl4]?ionic liquid act as an effective inhibitor for carbon steel corrosion in acidic medium and maximum inhibition efficiency was found to be 99.5% at 400 ppm. The SECM results also confirmed the adsorption of [BTBA]+[FeCl4]?on carbon steel and thereby forming a relatively insulated surface at the interface. The adsorption of ferrate ionic liquid on carbon steel was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Ionic liquid effectively inhibits anodic and cathodic reaction site thereby showed its mixed type inhibition behaviour. In presence of the inhibitor higher resistance values were obtained for impedance and polarization studies. The presence of ionic liquid and its surface protection tendency at the metal/solution interface was confirmed by SEM surface studies. UVVis and ATR-FTIR characterization also contributed in corroborating the complex formation between Fe2+ and ionic liquid. Monte Carlo simulation and quantum chemical parameters substantiated the experimental findings and gave further insights about the inhibition mechanism. 2020 Elsevier B.V. -
Exploring the influence of trust on e-tail customer loyalty /
Pacific Business Review International, Vol.11, Issue 5, pp.41-50, ISSN No: 0974-438X. -
Exploring the Influence of Service Learning on the Socio-Educational Commitment and Self- Efficacy of Graduate Educators in the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Domain.
This study, conducted by a distinguished university, aims to contribute significantly to the professional development of educators dedicated to creating a fair, sustainable, and socially conscious world. The research focuses on a pedagogical approach using Service Learning to foster civic and social skills in higher education students. The main goal is to examine how graduate students, actively participating in Service-Learning initiatives, develop socio-educational commitment and self-efficacy compared to traditional university volunteering. The study, involving 1562 aspiring educators, employs a quantitative correlational methodology. The hypothesis suggests that Service-Learning leads to more positive outcomes in socio-educational commitment, pedagogical self-efficacy, and crafting instructional materials. The findings, statistically significant (p < 0.01), highlight the increased development of these metrics among participants in Service-Learning programs. 2024 IEEE. -
Exploring the influence of KOH electrolyte concentration on the electrochemical properties of Co3O4-GO nanocomposite
In this study, we investigate the electrochemical performance of Co3O4-GO nanocomposite, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, as a function of electrolyte concentration. XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, XPS, and BET techniques have been employed to examine the structural, microstructural, chemical states, and specific surface area characteristics of the composite material. According to SEM micrographs, the aggregated particles have a sheet-like morphology, and these sheets have been assembled into clusters. Using N2-adsorption/desorption isotherms, the pore volume, diameter, and specific surface area of composite were determined to be 0.24 cm3/g, 15 nm, and 63 m2/g, respectively. Based on cyclic voltammograms (CVs) recorded at different scan rates and electrolyte concentrations, the working electrode demonstrated pseudocapacitance behavior. The specific capacitance (Cs) of the fabricated electrode was estimated from GCD curves recorded at different current densities and electrolyte concentrations. For 1 M KOH solution, Cs of the composite electrode is found to be 258 F/g at 1 A/g, and this value drops to 222 F/g at 5 A/g. Furthermore the composite electrode's Cs decreases with increasing electrolyte concentration at a specific current density. The study indicates that 1 M of KOH electrolyte is the optimal electrolyte concentration for optimal energy storage. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
Exploring the Influence of Ethnicity and Environmental Values on Eco-Entrepreneurship: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
In today's world, sustainability is of immense importance due to population growth, pollution and resource depletion. Consequently, there is an urgent need to devise future-oriented strategies for sustaining life on Earth. The rise of green business and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reflect society's growing awareness and commitment to environmentally friendly living. Our research examines the link between eco-entrepreneurship and the SDGs among young adults who are the next generation of entrepreneurs. We aim to understand how these individuals plan to incorporate the SDGs into their future business. Conducted primarily through surveys of 17- to 26-year-olds, our research uses the Statistical Equation Model (SEM) to analyze the relationship between eco-entrepreneurship, the SDGs and today's youth. In addition, we examine how current educational practices influence young adults' attitudes toward sustainability. By delving into these aspects, our paper seeks to improve the understanding of how young adults, our future leaders, perceive and pursue green business and sustainable development goals, ultimately determining the importance of these concepts for our future. 2024 IEEE. -
Exploring the influence of emotional intelligence on decision-making across diverse domains: A systematic literature review
Emotional intelligence (EI) is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor in decisionmaking across various professional domains. This systematic literature review, covering the period from 2017 to 2023, explores the intricate relationship between EI and decision-making in healthcare, business, education, ethics, and the realms of neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI). Employing a qualitative research design, the study systematically analyzes articles retrieved from renowned databases including Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCO, J Gate, and Google Scholar. The findings reveal that elevated EI levels among healthcare professionals lead to improved clinical decision-making, characterized by enhanced patient-centered care and ethical considerations. In business and legal contexts, EI competencies are associated with ethical decision-making, effective leadership, and strong client relationships. In education, emotionally intelligent educators create supportive learning environments conducive to better pedagogical decisions and student emotional well-being. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Exploring the Influence Dynamism of Economic Factors on Fluctuation of Exchange Rate-An Empirical Investigation for India Using ARDL Model
The Indian Foreign Exchange Market has experienced significant changes over the past decade, due to high degree of instability of the Indian Rupee leading to its devaluation against major global currencies. Exchange rate is considered as one of crucial indicators to determine the economic growth. Volatility of exchange rate of each day is influenced by various factors such as demand and supply, Gross Domestic Product, Interest rate, employment rate, public debt, balance of payments, inflation etc. Though there are multiple causes to determine the movement of exchange rate, but still the accurate level of causation is unpredictable. Keeping this in mind, this paper tries to attempt the relationship that exists between the exchange rate and select macroeconomic factors. To analyse the extent of influence of the selected variables on the exchange rate, the research paper uses 10 years of data spanning from Jan 2013 to Nov 2022. Further, the study uses monthly data of above-mentioned variables to bring out the analysis to meet the objectives. Descriptive statistics is used to find the characteristics of the data, correlation analysis and Ordinary Least Square method is used to find the relationship and impact level select macroeconomic factors on exchange rate. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is used to find if any short run and long run association exists between the variables and the exchange rate. 2023, ASERS Publishing House. All rights reserved. -
Exploring the impact of psychological biases on financial investment decisions and the role of digital financial literacy
This chapter explores biases impacting stock and mutual fund investments-cognitive, affective, and behavioral. It examines digital financial literacy (DFL), highlighting social media's role in information sharing. Stressing the merging financial and digital literacies, it addresses risks in online financial behavior. Discussions cover DFL measures, online activities' correlation, and biases in decision-making. Recognizing uncertainty in the digital era is crucial for informed financial decisions amidst evolving landscapes. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Exploring the Impact of Latent and Obscure Factors on Left-Censored Data: Bayesian Approaches and Case Study
In the realm of scientific investigation, traditional survival studies have historically focused on mitigating failures over time. However, when both observed and unobserved variables remain enigmatic, adverse consequences can arise. Frailty models offer a promising approach to understanding the effects of these latent factors. In this scholarly work, we hypothesize that frailty has a lasting impact on the reversed hazard rate. Notably, our research highlights the reliability of generalized Lindley frailty models, rooted in the generalized log-logistic type II distribution, as a robust framework for capturing the widespread influence of inherent variability. To estimate the associated parameters, we employ diverse loss functions such as SELF, MQSELF, and PLF within a Bayesian framework, forming the foundation for Markov Chain Monte Carlo methodology. We subsequently utilize Bayesian assessment strategies to assess the effectiveness of our proposed models. To illustrate their superiority, we employ data from renowned Australian twins as a demonstrative case study, establishing the innovative models advantages over those relying on inverse Gaussian and gamma frailty distributions. This study delves into the impact of hidden and obscure factors on left-censored data, utilizing Bayesian methodologies, with a specific emphasis on the application of generalized Lindley frailty models. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of survival analysis, particularly when dealing with complex and unobservable covariates. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Exploring the Impact of Disengagement on the Burnout Among ICU Nurses of Indian Private Hospitals: The Influence of Perceived Organization Support
Among healthcare workers, the nursing workforce has a high intensity of burnout which occurs as a response to the pressure they face at their workplace. Burnout in nursing professionalsis a widespread phenomenon characterized by a reduction in nurses energy that manifests in emotional exhaustion, lack of encouragement, and feelings of frustration and may lead to a decrease in work efficacy. This is a significant issue in human services that needs to be addressed.Several studies have been done on nurses; however, burnout in Indian ICU nurses has not received much attention. Intensive Care Units are specialized hospital areas requiring constant attention and vigorous patient care. Studies state that ICU nurses have to be more alert due to the severity of the illness in patients. Nurses in ICUs face many challenges at work which could lead to burnout. Disengagement is one such factor that might lead to burnout in nurses. When people experience disengagement, they feel detached from their workplace. Previous studies indicate that due to pandemic experiences, nurses are disengaging at a rate twice that of other healthcare staff. The challenging demands of their work have significantly affected the nurse's psychological wellness and overall health. Limited studies have been done on ICU nurse disengagement and its effect on burnout in Indian settings. Therefore, the study aims to examine how nurse disengagement affects the burnout they experience. Healthcare organizations must prioritize the support to be extended and care for the nurses well-being to prevent further disengagement. Nurses may become more committed to the organization when they feel supported by hospital administrators and have lighter workloads. This paper focuses on exploring the consequences of disengagement on burnout experienced by ICU nurses and the influence of Perceived Organizational Support (POS) between them. The sample used for the study was 449 nurses working in the ICU divisions of private hospitals in India. This study employed a simple random sampling technique. A survey was utilized and distributed to the nursing professionals working in the ICU divisions. The commonly recognized aspects of burnout are emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal achievement. The study results indicated that disengagement has no impact on the emotional exhaustion experienced by ICU nurses. However, it influences depersonalization and nurses achievement. The study results state that POS moderated the relationship between disengagement and the two burnout aspects: depersonalization and personal achievement. From the findings, it may be concluded that perceived organizational support is crucial in encouraging greater personal accomplishment, reduced depersonalization, and bringing about positive change for disengaged ICU nurses. Better organizational support for ICU nurses becomes a critical responsibility of nursing administration. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Exploring the Impact of Behavioral Biases on Young Investors Portfolio Performance: An Examination through the Lens of Nudging Green: Behavioral Economics for Environmental Sustainability
PurposeThis research paper delves into identification of interaction and relationship among numerous factors like investors behavior, psychological factors of investors, specific biases, financial knowledge and literacy, and portfolio value of young investors. Through this research paper we can conclude that investors are increasingly affected by the biases that exist. These biases act as a hindrance in their process of decision making. Design/methodology/approachIn this research paper a survey was conducted and the poll consisted of various questions. In this research paper, a convenience sampling technique was used and responses from 295 investors were collected for analysis of the data. In this paper we have used descriptive analysis and regression correlation for the purpose of analysis which ultimately unfolds the relationship between biases and investors portfolios. FindingsThis paper unfolds the various behavioral factors and other factors that shape the investment portfolio of youth. The paper dwells into the intricate study of behavioral factors that affect youth and determines their investment pattern. Research limitation/implicationsLimited samples have been collected for this paper and that is the limitation of this paper. As the sample size is limited there is a high probability that with a larger group of investors, the behaviour pattern and biases may differ. As most of the investors are young their knowledge about trading market and investment market is quite limited which ultimately generates hindrances in analysis. Maximum number of investors are quite young which increases the probability of biases in the decision making process. Practical implicationsThis paper will help scholars, analysts, academicians, practitioners, policymakers, brokers, and investors to frame better strategies in order to deal with behavioural biases and other behavioural factors. In order to not get influenced with behavioral biases and other behavioral factors, young people can plan out their investments in a better way. The youth of our country can have greater understanding regarding investments if they are given enough wisdom regarding the same through workshops, webinars, seminars, lectures, curriculum. Originality/valueIn this paper investors behavior, psychological factors, specific biases, financial knowledge and literacy are factors that influence the investment portfolio of young investors. Young investors can keep these factors in mind in order to increase their portfolios value which will ultimately lead to better investment decisions among them. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Exploring the genuineness of CSR in India between two different major public sector companies reliance power & shell petroleum a case study /
The past two decades have witnessed a remarkable change in the way businesses run and operate. Profit maximization no longer remains the focus of businesses. The turn of events, have pressurized firms to put serious efforts into a wide range of social responsibility activities and thus shift the corporate goals from socio-economic focus towards increasing shareholder value to the welfare of all stakeholders. This study aims at understanding how genuine the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in India is by looking at two rival power company’s giants - Reliance power and Essar Power. -
Exploring the Frontier: Space Mining, Legal Implications, and the Role of Artificial Intelligence
This analysis delves into the multifaceted dimensions of space mining and artificial intelligence, exploring technological advancements, legal challenges, environmental concerns, and ethical implications. Through topic modeling and sentiment analysis of 160 articles, five core themes are identified: Technological and Exploration Advances, Resource Extraction and Environmental Concerns, Legal and AI Integration, Ethical and Paradigm Shifts, and challenges and Innovations in Space Mining. The discussion highlights the optimistic yet cautious outlook on space mining, emphasizing the need for continued innovation, comprehensive legal frameworks, ethical stewardship, and environmental protection as humanity ventures into this new frontier. 2024 IEEE. -
Exploring the far-reaching consequences of malnutrition during pregnancy and beyond: A comprehensive review
In India, maternal and infant malnutrition continues to be a significant contributor to health problems. Fetal malnutrition can result from an inadequate nutrient supply, necessary nutrition services, and ideal practices before, during, and following pregnancy. This comprehensive review delves into the complex relationships among hormone changes, microbial ecosystems, and nutrition, and how these relationships affect the health of mothers and their offspring. The review highlights how important it is to maintain good nutrition during pregnancy and to comprehend the dietary modifications that pregnant people make on their own to create interventions that work. Important minerals like calcium, iron, folic acid, iodine, and vitamin D are covered. Acknowledging the mutualistic association between the eating habits of mothers and the diverse microbiomes found in their gut, vagina, and oral channels, the review explores the influence on hormone levels and their consequences during gestation. Diverse fetal developmental needs are depicted by the table that outlines food requirements for each of the three trimesters. The detrimental effects of poor prenatal nutrition on a mothers health and its repercussions for neonates are examined. The effects of malnutrition after delivery, including difficulties throughout pregnancy, healing periods, and general effects on mental and physical health, are well studied. The study, which adopts a worldwide viewpoint, finds that societal norms, information gaps, and poverty are the main causes of malnutrition. Prevention techniques are discussed, emphasizing the significance of taking a comprehensive approach to addressing this vital issue in both the Indian and global contexts. 2024 Visagaa Publishing House. -
Exploring the factors of learning organization in school education: therole of leadership styles, personalcommitment, andorganizational culture
Purpose: This study aims to test the conceptual model of the factors of learning organization and explore the degree of mediation of organizational culture in the relationship between leadership styles, personal commitment, and learning organization in school education. Design/methodology/approach: The learning organization profile (LOP) and OCTAPACE profile served to measure learning organization and organizational culture, respectively. The researchers developed scales to measure principals leadership styles and teachers personal commitment. Data included 750 school teachers. Findings: This study found a good fit in the proposed conceptual model. The organizational culture had a significant mediating effect on the path of leadership styles and learning organization and a significant mediating effect on the path of personal commitment and learning organization. Originality/value: To promote a more comprehensive learning culture, school principals should consider two specific organizational mechanisms: the intangible cultural components (such as corporate values, beliefs, and norms) and the tangible structural components (such as organizational structure and workflow systems). These two domains play a crucial role in creating a conducive learning environment. 2024, Jacqueline Kareem, Harold Andrew Patrick and Nepoleon Prabakaran. -
Exploring the facets of chatbots and automation in tourism with special reference to ChatGPT
This chapter examines the role of chatbots, specifically ChatGPT, in the tourism industry, focusing on their influence on employment opportunities and job roles. It evaluates both the positive and negative impacts of chatbots on various aspects of tourism job roles, emphasizing their potential to enhance efficiency and customer satisfaction while acknowledging concerns regarding job displacement and diminished human interaction. Additionally, the study explores the benefits and drawbacks of automation in the tourism sector, highlighting its potential to streamline operations and improve productivity while also addressing challenges such as technical issues and the need for workforce upskilling. Furthermore, the chapter discusses strategies for upskilling the tourist workforce to effectively navigate the increasing automation in the industry and mitigate potential job losses. Lastly, the ethical implications of using ChatGPT in the tourism sector are examined, emphasizing the importance of responsible implementation to ensure fairness and human-centric values in tourism experiences. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Exploring the ethical issues and considerations in neuromarketing
Neuromarketing is an interdisciplinary field consolidating neuroscience, psychology, and marketing, aiming to understand consumer behaviour at the subconscious level. However, as neuromarketing techniques become increasingly sophisticated, ethical issues and considerations have emerged as a focal point of debate and scrutiny. The paper critically evaluates foundational ethical principles, such as informed consent, beneficence and nonmaleficence, privacy and confidentiality, transparency, scientific or methodological rigor, predicting and influencing consumer choices, safeguarding the vulnerable population, and commitment to abiding and respecting the guidelines and codes of ethics. It also includes the emerging techniques and research, need for ethics and terms like neuroethics and brain privacy. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Exploring the ethical implications of generative AI
Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), an ever-evolving technology, holds immense promise across various industries, from healthcare to content generation. However, its rapid advancement has also given rise to profound ethical concerns. Illicit black-market industries exploit generative AI for counterfeit imagery, and in educational settings, biases and misinformation perpetuate. These issues underscore the need to grapple with the risks accompanying generative AI integration. Exploring the Ethical Implications of Generative AI emerges as a wellspring of insight for discerning academic scholars. It sets the stage by acknowledging generative AI's multifaceted potential and its capacity to reshape industries. The book addresses these complex ethical concerns, offering a comprehensive analysis and providing a roadmap for responsible AI development and usage. Its intended audience spans business leaders, policymakers, scholars, and individuals passionate about the ethical dimensions of AI. The book's objective is a twofold mission: to identify and dissect the ethical challenges inherent in generative AI while prescribing practical guidelines for its responsible development and utilization. By amalgamating the current research landscape, it aims to provide a comprehensive view of the field. Furthermore, the book introduces a set of practical guidelines that can serve as a guiding light for developers and users in diverse contexts, including workplaces, media, healthcare, education, and the military. By comprehensively addressing issues like bias, privacy, misuse, accountability, and responsibility, this book becomes the definitive guide for academic scholars navigating the ethical dilemmas of generative AI, ultimately safeguarding the responsible evolution of this groundbreaking technology. 2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Exploring the efficiency of green synthesized silver nanoparticles as photocatalysts for organic dye degradation: unveiling key insights
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received a lot of interest for their several applications, including their remarkable potential as photocatalysts for organic dye degradation. This research thoroughly investigates the efficacy of ecologically friendly, green-synthesized AgNPs in the treatment of synthetic dye-contaminated wastewater. The synthesis of AgNPs from various biological substrates is investigated, emphasizing their economic viability, significant conductivity, and considerable biocompatibility. The improper disposal of synthetic dyes in wastewater poses severe environmental and health risks due to their non-biodegradable nature and persistent chemical features. In response to this challenge, this review paper investigates the capability of AgNPs to serve as effective photocatalysts for degrading a range of organic dyes commonly found in industrial effluents. Specific dyes, including methyl orange, congo red, nitrophenol, methylene blue, and malachite green, are studied in the context of wastewater treatment, providing insights into the efficacy of AgNPs synthesized from diverse biological sources. The review sheds light on the photocatalytic degradation methods used by green-synthesized AgNPs, shedding light on the transition of these synthetic dyes into less hazardous compounds. It also delves into the toxicity aspect of the AgNPs and its possible remediation from the environment. The ecologically friendly synthesis procedures investigated in this work provide an alternative to traditional methods, highlighting the importance of sustainable technologies in solving modern environmental concerns. Furthermore, a comparative examination of various biological substrates for AgNPs synthesis is presented, evaluating their respective dye degradation efficiencies. This not only helps researchers understand the environmental impact of synthetic dyes, but it also directs them in choosing the best substrates for the production of AgNPs with enhanced photocatalytic activities. 2024 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Exploring the effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention among college students in India
This study investigated the effectiveness of an eight-week mindfulness-based intervention program on the trait mindfulness, psychological well-being and emotion regulation of college-going students. The experimental group participants were college-going students (N = 40) who enrolled for the intervention, and the participants in the control group (N = 40) were interested in the intervention and considered as a wait-list control group. The experimental group underwent mindfulness-based interventions, which included 1112 sessions, including brief exercises and meditations related to their trait mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being. They received 23h of training per week for eight weeks. Repeated Measures of ANOVA together with an independent sample t-test were used to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention programme. Further, Cohens d was used to calculate the effect size to explain the variance caused by the intervention program in trait mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being. The results indicated that students significantly improved in their trait mindfulness, emotion regulation, and psychological well-being after receiving mindfulness training. In conclusion, the application of this eight-week mindfulness-based intervention sheds light on the common psychological issues confronted by college students in India, presenting itself as an advantageous tool for the professionals working in this field and offering positive effects on the overall well-being of college students. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.