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Constructing an e-commerce model using the framework of blockchain
Blockchain technology is gaining immense popularity in the realm of online e-commerce, advertising, and consumerism. This study aims to develop a model that comprehends how blockchain can act as a significant disruptor for various functions and applications related to e-commerce. The research explores the possibility that this technological advancement has the potential to revolutionize the core operations of e-commerce industry by providing trade connections devoid of trust or need for specialized intermediaries or central authority in case of permission less blockchains. Furthermore, it could facilitate equitable access to immutable data across supply chains which may result in a major reorganization pertaining to information and value exchanged between businesses involved in electronic commerce and their customers. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Understanding diversity: The power of differences
Diversity is a fundamental aspect of our world, encompassing differences in race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, age, ability, religion, and culture. Understanding and embracing diversity is critical for building inclusive environments and fostering healthy relationships in our personal and professional lives. This chapter explores the power of diversity and how it can benefit individuals, organizations, and society. Different forms of diversity and their intersections, the benefits of diversity, and the importance of overcoming biases and building inclusive environments are discussed. The critical role of leadership in promoting diversity and inclusion and providing practical strategies for embracing diversity and creating positive change in our communities and workplaces is examined. By the end of this chapter, readers will have a deeper understanding of diversity and its significance and gain insights and practical strategies for promoting inclusivity and creating positive change. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Machine learning in smart agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of the soil, the growth of crops and the raising of livestock. Agriculture is critical to the economic development of a country. Farming generates nearly 58% of a country's primary income. Previously, cultivators had accepted conventional farming practices. Because these methods were imprecise, they produced less and took longer time. Precise farming boosts productivity by precisely determining which steps must be completed at what time. Precision farming entails forecasting the weather, analyzing soil, recommending crops for cultivation and calculating the amount of fertilizer and pesticides that must be used. Precise farming uses advanced technologies such as IoT, data mining, data analytics, and machine learning (ML) to collect data, train systems and predict outcomes. Precision farming employs technology to reduce manual labor and boost productivity. Farmers have recently faced several difficulties, such as crop failure due to insufficient rainfall, soil infertility and so on. The proposed work in determining the soil, managing crops and harvesting efficiently can solve the problems caused by environmental changes. It guides a person's farming strategy to produce better results through a proper prediction process. The goal of this research is to assist an individual in efficiently cultivating crops, resulting in high productivity at a low cost. It also assists in estimating the total cost of cultivation and forecasting the likely economic barriers. This would help a person plan activities prior to cultivation, resulting in an integrated farming solution. 2023 River Publishers. All rights reserved. -
Atman's awakening: Bhagavad Gita's Path to Moksha through Karma Yoga and Atmabodha
Indian psychology is characterized by its diverse and rich traditions that have evolved over several centuries. This chapter tries to fulfill four objectives: 1) To provide a brief overview of the concept of self in Bhagavad Gita; 2) to give a brief overview of the two frameworks for moksha given in the Bhagavad Gita with the help of empirical evidence of current research; 3) to propose a conceptual model using Triguna Framework and Trimarg Framework; and 4) to provide the implications of the proposed model. The chapter begins with an explanation of the Indian philosophical understanding of self from the lens of Bhagavad Gita. In the second section, an effort has been made to compare and contrast the two frameworks given in Bhagavad Gita for Moksha. The last section introduces a conceptual model to enhance sattva guna and reduce the rajas and tamas gunas to attain atmabodha that can have positive psychological implications in modern times. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Future research directions for effective e-learning
In recent years, with the rapid advancement of technology and the global shift towards digital education, e-learning has gained significant momentum from education sectors. However, there are still several challenges and areas for improvement in the field of e-learning. This work discusses several future research directions that contribute to the effective implementation and enhancement of e-learning in solving real world problems. Also, various components like pedagogical strategies, technology integration, learner support and engagement, assessment and evaluation, accessibility and inclusivity, professional development for educators, quality assurance and accreditation, and ethical and legal issues are explained towards implementation of e-learning. Hence, this chapter explains the effectiveness, accessibility, and inclusivity of e-learning as providing effective educational opportunities for learners globally. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Mindfulness-based interventions: Applications in Western and Indian psychology
This chapter examines mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in Western and Indian psychology. It begins with a summary of MBIs, their historical origins, and their theoretical frameworks. The empirical evidence then examines the efficacy of MBIs, emphasizing their impact on both Western and Indian psychology. It probes deeper into the specific applications of MBIs in each cultural context, focusing on adapting mindfulness practices to accommodate cultural differences. Case studies demonstrate the efficacy of MBIs in reducing anxiety, depression, and work-related stress. The significance of cultural sensitivity and inclusiveness, in addition to the implications of MBIs for psychological practice and future research directions, is discussed. It highlights the significance of MBI and provides recommendations for future advancements. It provides an overview of the applications of MBIs, emphasizing their potential to improve well-being, reduce psychological distress, and promote a more inclusive approach to psychological practice. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Big data, artificial intelligence, and machine learning support for e-learning frameworks
Today's e-rendering frameworks are essential in various fields such as computer graphics, virtual reality, and augmented reality to provide an effective and impressive education to modern society. The integration of big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) techniques into e-rendering frameworks hold significant potential for enhancing rendering efficiency, optimizing resource allocation, and improving the quality of rendered outputs. With the advent of big data, massive amounts of rendering-related data can be collected and analyzed. This data includes rendering parameters, scene descriptions, user preferences, and performance metrics. By applying data analytics, important information can be derived, allowing for more informed decision-making in rendering processes. Additionally, AI techniques, such as neural networks and deep learning, can be employed to learn from the collected data and generate more accurate rendering models and algorithms. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Designing social learning analytics for collaborative learning using virtual reality, life skill, and STEM approach
This chapter explores the design of social learning analytics for collaborative learning, incorporating virtual reality, life skills, and a STEM approach. Researchers employ social learning analytics, an emerging field that combines social network analysis and learning analytics, to gain insights into collaborative learning environments. The chapter emphasizes integrating virtual reality, life skills, and STEM in social learning analytics, covering data collection methods, data analysis techniques, and pedagogical applications. It also explores key considerations for designing social learning analytics in collaborative learning, encompassing the development of tools and assessment strategies. Finally, the chapter looks ahead to future directions and prospects for social learning analytics in collaborative learning. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Understanding neurodiversity and mindfulness: A holistic approach to addiction in professional preparation programs
This chapter explores the interplay between neurodiversity, mindfulness, and addiction, emphasizing their incorporation into professional preparation programmes. Neurodiverse individuals, who exhibit various neurological characteristics, may encounter unique obstacles that make them more prone to addiction. The chapter begins by examining the unique challenges and requirements of neurodiverse individuals who may be at increased risk for addiction. The chapter advocates for incorporating mindfulness practises into programmes of professional preparation. It discusses how neurodiverse individuals can be introduced to mindfulness practises centred on present-moment awareness and the non-judgmental observation of thoughts and emotions as a valuable tool for addiction recovery. This chapter concludes by highlighting the importance of addressing the unique requirements of neurodiverse individuals in addiction recovery by incorporating mindfulness into professional preparation programmes. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Synergistic effect of bio-nanocarbon embedded polymer nanocomposite and its applications
For applications involving sustainable materials, bio-nanocarbon was examined as a material to improve the properties of fiber-reinforced nanobiocomposite. A thorough investigation has been conducted using nano biocarbon as a filler and reinforcing material. However, the composite's inferior mechanical, physical, and thermal properties are a result of a poor fiber-matrix interface. As a result, in this study, biocarbon nanoparticles were created and used as functional components to enhance the properties of polymeric composite materials. To emphasize the scientific and technological issues that need to be resolved in order to create artificial composites with bio-inspired structures, recent studies of bio-inspired nano-carbon composites are discussed in this study. These include the production techniques for resolving the nanocarbon dispersion problem and creating bio-inspired structures, as well as the microstructure and composite characteristics characterization. In order to reveal natural design principles and serve as a resource for future research, bio-inspired composites and their applications are thoroughly examined and explained. 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. -
Context matters: A case study of community development approaches in tribal areas
Tribal development initiatives aim to address aspects of marginality covering educational, occupational, social and political dimensions. A review of literature on the challenges in effective tribal development discusses narrow vision, implementation strategy, the attitude of people involved in the implementation and lack of community participation as hindrances in realising the desired goals. This chapter explores the need to have a context-specific approach to realise the community development goals in tribal areas considering the cultural and economic diversity of Scheduled Tribes in India. A single embedded case study has been used to understand tribal development initiatives in the three project sites, namely Manikgarh, Maharashtra; Bastar, Chhatisgarh and Niravilpuzha, Kerala. All these projects aim at the overall development of the community either through a child-centred approach or through a self-help approach. A constructive outcome-based evaluation model has been used in analysing the developmental approach, and in-depth interviews and FGDs were conducted with the project staff. An attempt has been made to study the impact on direct beneficiaries at micro, meso and macro levels. It explores the ways in which universities could become change agents through socially responsible engagements in tribal areas. This chapter would contribute towards developing a social responsibility model for other universities to emulate. 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Developing authentic thought leaders through the DREAMS model of social action
DREAMS is a three-year curriculum-based after-school intervention program for enhancing leadership qualities among the underprivileged and college/university youngsters. It is an innovative model providing a platform for the mentors and the mentees to share their thoughts and knowledge and create a future generation with a growth mindset. The current world is expecting authentic thought leadership among its workforces. This leadership would help the constantly changing world to guide and lead the followers effectively for a better outcome. This study explores the impact of the DREAMS intervention program by Christ University in entrenching authentic thought leadership among its undergraduates. The study employs a qualitative approach to explore the perceptions among Christ University undergraduates about the contributions the DREAMS has made to their leadership development. The study finds evidence that DREAMS initiatives at Christ University have transformed undergraduates into authentic thought leaders. 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
The wellbeing van: A strength-based model for student engagement and promoting student wellbeing
This book chapter takes a proactive approach to address stress by introducing a preventive measure, a relatively new approach implemented on college students in Bangalore, India called the "wellbeing van." The chapter emphasizes the importance of not only managing and coping with stress, but also implementing strategies that promote overall well-being by tapping into the intrinsic factors of the student. The well-being van has shown promising results in reducing stress levels among students in academic institutions. Additionally, the chapter delves into the difficulties students face in maintaining social relationships, conforming to societal expectations, and finding their place. It provides valuable insights on how to foster healthy social dynamics and create supportive environments for students. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Management practices on execution effectiveness of strategies based on Thirukkural
Thirukkural by Thiruvalluvar contains couplets that speak about the morale necessary for an individual based on the roles played in various circumstances of life. These are applied to various fields including management even today. In this chapter, the authors conduct a narrative analysis on two major aspects of management skills to be inculcated in managers for successful progression of the organization. Execution is one such important aspect of management which plays a significant role in constructing effective doable strategies and executing the strategies without delay after proper analysis, thus sustaining the motivation level of the team and progress. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Indian psychology: Challenges, strategies, and prospects in education
Knowledge dissemination has been a hallmark of Indian tradition for millennia, particularly in the area of human biology and behavior. Westernization and globalization, however, have caused a gradual erosion of this rich heritage, resulting in waning interest among the populace. As a discipline, Indian Psychology faces a number of formidable challenges. The number of preconceived biases within society, the Westernized educational system, and the shortage of faculty with expertise in Indian psychology hinder the recognition and dissemination of the field. A dearth of research studies directly related to Indian psychology is also hindering its development and recognition. Emphasis was given on the importance of thorough research to substantiate its contributions to the understanding of human cognition, behavior, and consciousness. Promoting Indian psychology as an important and respected field requires dispelling misconceptions and fostering awareness. Through collaboration and increased research, Indian psychology can rightfully claim its place within the global academic community. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Key challenges in developing and executing higher education learners' learning outcomes
This chapter examines higher education institutions' complex obstacles in developing and implementing effective learning outcomes. It emphasizes the need for outcomes that include subject-specific and general skills, meet students' diverse requirements, align with market demands, and incorporate emerging technologies. To facilitate student success in the 21st century, institutions must address these. It examines multidisciplinary programs, technology integration, faculty training, and student participation in outcome formation. It proposes enhancing outcomes through emerging technologies, social and emotional learning, global citizenship education, and entrepreneurship education, emphasizing student-centred approaches. Effective learning outcomes are essential for fostering student success in a constantly changing environment. Case studies from India, the United Kingdom, and the United States provide insights, emphasizing India and lessons from the US and UK experiences. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Value addition to international students' exchange programs through engagement in services
Social responsibility has been an emerging concept in Higher Educational Institutions in India. Promoting social responsibility through international students' exchange programs helps students' capacity to improve their cultural, social and service knowledge to bring about sustainable and meaningful development. This chapter looks at the impact of the interventions of international students in slum communities, especially working with children and women for their academic, health and economic empowerment. This was a qualitative study using a self-structured interview schedule. Data were collected from twenty international students from universities of Norway and the Netherlands who were placed in urban slums for five years and thirty children and women from urban slums of Bangalore who benefitted from this program. A purposive sampling method was used, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. This chapter reveals the development of children and women through international students' programs and helps showcase further planning for innovative programs for vulnerable populations. Attitudes of both groups towards cultural differences and the expectation and effectiveness of the exchange program may also be described in this chapter. This chapter intends to help plan international exchange programs from different dimensions benefiting the slum communities for their development and sensitizing cultural differences from different perspectives. 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Crop improvement strategies and principles of selective breeding
Introducing new crop varieties, crop improvement, and selective breeding enable contemporary agriculture to alleviate food poverty, increase crop production, and enhance product quality. This chapter covers selective breeding, genetically modified crops, genetic resource conservation, and upcoming technologies. Selective breeding discusses heritability, gene frequency, dominance, and epistasis to predict genetic progress. Agricultural innovation involves genetic variety and variation to develop robust and high-performing crop types. Mass selection, pedigree selection, and recurrent selection for trait enhancement are investigated. Marker-assisted and genomic selection are tested for breeding speed and accuracy. The chapter covers genetically modified crops, agricultural improvement, and genetic resource conservation for sustainable agriculture. Gene editing, synthetic biology, and machine learning may boost agricultural yields. According to the abstract, crop development and selective breeding are essential for food security, sustainability, climate change, and agricultural demands. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Influencing the influencers through co-creation: Approaches to successful brand strategies
In today's technology-driven landscape, the internet and social media have seamlessly woven themselves into the fabric of both brands and consumers' lives. Among the arsenal of modern marketing strategies, influencer marketing has emerged as a formidable force. It bestows organisations the privilege of accessing extensive and dedicated online influencers and co-creation as a technique, making it one of the most potent tools in their marketing toolkit. This chapter focuses on the intricate art of how brands strategically harness the power of social media platforms and influencers to extend their reach far and wide, aiming to connect with as many consumers as possible. By forging these connections, brands aspire to cultivate a devoted and unwavering fan base, fostering long-term customer loyalty. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.